2015 USEF statistics for eventing. and USEA Safety Task Force

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1 2015 USEF statistics for eventing and USEA Safety Task Force

2 Number of competitions in national eventing competitions 2015

3 Number of starters in national horse trials 2015

4 Number of rider falls per level in National horse trials 2015

5 Number of horse falls per level in national horse trials 2015

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7 University of Kentucky Frangible/Deformable 7 Fence Technology Research: Past Efforts and Next Steps USEA Cross Country Course Design and Fence Construction Safety Task Force and Suzanne Weaver Smith, PhD Donald and Gertrude Lester Professor of Mechanical Engineering University of Kentucky

8 USEA Cross Country Design and Fence 8 Construction Safety Taskforce» Dr. Kathleen Becker, veterinarian, Masters in engineering, currently president of Häst PSC manufacturer of large animal rescue equipment» Sarah Broussard, organizer Of Rebecca Farm, VP of safety for USEA, Member of USEA Board of Governors, Member USEF Eventing Technical Committee» Tremaine Cooper, competitor, 3*/4* FEI course designer, course builder» Andy Griffiths, international FEI TD, Chairman IEOC, FEI Development Officer for the FEI, former international competitor» Jay Hambly, FEI "I" international cross country course designer,international cross country course builder, Equine Canada course advisor and designer, Advanced level event rider, A level pony club» Jonathan Holling, international competitor, ICP level 4 certified instructor, Member USEF Technical Committee, currently owns and operates Holling Eventing in Ocala Florida, surrounds himself with really smart people» Malcolm Hook, FEI TD, Member USEF Technical committee, Member USEF Safety committee, FEI National safety officer» Lesley Grant-Law,magna cume laude with honors under-graduate degree international relations and philosophy, summa cume laude with a masters in international relations specializing in human rights, long or short listed for Canadian Event team 5 times, placed at the 3 and 4 star level, numerous young event horse winners, currently runs Law Eventing based in Ocala Florida» Doug Payne, USEF judge and TD, degree in mechanical engineering, member of USEA Board of Governors, international competitor, ICP certified instructor and trainer

9 Aerospace Technologies for Sports Designs/Safety 9 Aerospace technologies such as computer modeling, composite materials, testing techniques, risk analysis and reduction, and frangible designs are used in sports from golf and skiing to auto racing. Frangible/other technologies in aerospace applications include: Frangible bolts for launch vehicle release Frangible unmanned aircraft systems (UAS, or drones ) for safety Rip-stitch technologies for parachute harness cushioning Reusable spring-loaded deployment release mechanisms Suzanne Smith Introduction UK College of Engineering Faculty since 1990 (25 years) Computer modeling and testing data analysis for vibration of the Hubble Space Telescope, Mir Space Station, International Space Station and first US small drone system (early 1980 s) Research includes dynamics modeling and testing for cross-country fences, deployable-wing unmanned aircraft, cable-stayed bridges and a variety of other structural dynamics projects Married Kentucky

10 Objectives The overall objective was to evaluate frangible and deformable designs for improved rider and horse safety. Study Overview - Laboratory and field testing of prototype devices - Analysis and design of new concepts - Collaboration with BE and other researchers - Demos and info for course builders/designers - Technical Advisory Group for FEI Standard development 2009 Emphases - Understanding contact forces and testing options - Hinged gate analysis and testing - Design options for EPS foam logs and timbers 2010 Emphases - Device design, testing and demonstrations - Pathfinder analysis/testing of horse motion 2011 Emphases - FEI Device Standard Technical Advisory Group and device testing

11 Key Ideas 11 Fall Statistics indicate that rotational falls occur rarely, but the consequences are very often catastrophic for the horse or rider or both. On-course device activation statistics should be related. Course Designers have said that horses never experience rotational falls without rider influence. All designers and builders that we met were working to design questions and construct fences to avoid rotational falls.

12 All designers and builders that we met were working to design questions and construct fences to avoid rotational falls. However, some fences are repeatedly problematic. This one was outfitted with original frangible pins. 12 Stills (4 similar falls) from 2010 Rolex video, Horse Falls at the Hollow, with no downward contact force and no device activation

13 13 Stills from 2006 Rolex water fall video Horizontal activation of safety device in similar setting

14 Two Views of Safety Devices: Mechanisms 14 vs. Materials

15 2010 Analysis and Comparison of CM Data 15 Time Histories from 2008/2009 Top-20 impacts from Competitive Measures research for British Eventing Summary Data from 2008/2009 impacts Examined force, force angle, left-right position along rail, impulse, more ⁰ Top-20 Impact Angles Significant differences are found in angle and impulse impacts centered around 50 degrees above horizontal; 2009 impacts centered around 20 degrees Top-20 impulses ranged from N-s, with most <500 N-s; 2009 Top-20 impulses were <100 N-s 2009

16 16 Collapsible Table Interesting initial concept Collapsible Table ½-Scale Model -Activates with horizontal force, but not vertical - Resettable without new parts - Moving mass of full scale is a consideration

17 17 Recommendations for Future Research Filling in the Missing Pieces for Improved Eventing Safety: Horse/Fence Interaction in Rotational Fall Dynamics Task 1 Phased Development of Validated Models Sequence of increasingly complex models, validated with data from Tasks 2-4 to identify key parameters in device performance and for design guidance to reduce incidence of rotational falls Task 2 Revisit BE Non-rotational Contact Forces Sub-categorize contact force and impulse data Task 3 Video Analysis of Rotational Falls Extract approach speeds and rotational speeds Task 4 Expanded Literature Review Relevant sports safety, overturning analyses, inertia Task 5 Review Safety Statistics Compare original fall stats to device activation counts

18 The Future direction of cross country safety 18» Research into types of falls and fences that are causing serious or fatal accidents» Development and use of reverse deformable technology, and it's correct implementation» Education of course designers and builders» Development of other safety equipment eg...air jackets..back protectors..protective clothing» Continued development of all safety aspects in the sport and the funding of such projects

19 19 Summary Previous international efforts advanced safety technology to address rotational falls, but our understanding of the motion and forces between the horse and fence remains incomplete. This project will fill in the missing pieces. As a result, the sport will see improved safety via the following: Proper use of existing frangible devices to increase their impact for safety More complete understanding of the benefits of geometric safety designs to enable their inclusion in fences that are not amenable to other options Requirements for frangible/deformable and resettable fence designs to increase course design options Education of participants, designers, builders and others