WIDEBAND SPECTRUM SENSING FOR COGNITIVE RADIO
|
|
- Reynold Damian Kelley
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 WIDEBAD SPECTRU SESIG FOR COGITIVE RADIO José Viira, Ana aria Tomé and Danil alafaia Univrsidad d Aviro / IEETA Dpartamnto d Elctrónica, Tlcomunicaçõs Informática Aviro, Portugal ABSTRACT In this work w propos a widband spctrum snsing systm basd on hybrid filtr banks Th polyphas implmntation of th digital countrpart of th filtr bank can b modifid to includ a paralllizd vrsion of discrt Fourir transform algorithm FFT) avoiding this way any sampling rat xpandrs In this work w show how to incorporat th FFT block in th structur in ordr to stimat th widband frquncy contnts of th signal Th proposd structur is particularly suitabl for FPGA basd implmntations Indx Trms Hybrid Filtr Banks, FFT, Spctrum Snsing 1 ITRODUCTIO Spctrum Snsing is on of th ky faturs that a Cognitiv Radio CR) must hav In th original concpt prsntd by itola in his highly citd works [1, 2], th CR must b awar of th spctrum availability in ordr to find usag opportunitis and xploit thm to transmit This concpt has gaind spcial attntion during th last yars du to th incrasing dmand for wirlss communications and th lack of fr spctrum to accommodat nw srvics Traditionally, th spctrum has bn allocatd in a rigid way and as svral studis hav shown, most of it is not occupid vn in urban aras [3] On way to solv this problm of spctrum scarcity is to us raltim databass whr usrs can trad spctrum Anothr possibility is to prform spctrum snsing in ral-tim sarching for spctrum hols opportunitis for transmission With this stratgy, th ownrs of th spctrum transmit whnvr thy wish whil scondary scondary usrs transmit whn th channl is fr Th scondary usrs must prform th spctrum snsing in ral-tim in ordr to avoid collision, or at last to minimiz it to accptabl lvls of intrfrnc Svral mthods hav bn proposd to prform spctrum snsing and dal with th problm of th low powr of th rcivd signals quit difficult to dtct in th prsnc of background nois Th proposd mthods gos from basic nrgy This Rsarch Unit is fundd by ational Funds through FCT - Foundation for Scinc and Tchnology, in th contxt of th projct PEst-OE/EEI/UI0127/2014 and also by th FCT projct EXCL/EEI- TEL/0067/2012 dtctors using bandpass filtrs to cyclostationary signal analysis taking advantag of som prior information rgarding transmittd signals [4] Howvr, most of th proposd mthods assum th spctrum is organizd in fixd channls with rlativ narrow bandwith Howvr this stratgy is not usful for a ral-tim widband spctrum snsing as it is cas of th cognitiv radio concpt Som authors rcogniz this problm and proposd compltly nw approachs basd on th Comprssd Snsing concpt such as th analog-to-information convrtr proposd by Tropp t al [5] and th modulatd widband convrtr proposd in [6] Howvr, thos mthods ar only fficint if th spctrum is charactrizd by a fixd lvl of sparsity If th sparsity lvl it is not known a priori, thos mthods can fail orovr, with th xpctd spctrum occupancy by cognitiv radios, th sparsity lvl is xpctd to turn unknown In this papr w propos a diffrnt approach using a Hybrid Filtr Bank HFB) front-nd whr th input RF signal is splittd in diffrnt band-pass channls bfor bing sub-sampld [7] Thn, a digital synthsis filtr bank will prform th signal rconstruction by cancling th amplitud and phas distortion and th aliasing trms introducd by th sub-sampling If th synthsis filtr bank is implmntd using an fficint polyphas structur, w gt at th output signals with a sampling frquncy tims lowr than th yquist frquncy This format is quit convnint to implmnt paralll algorithms for spctrum stimation as w will show in this work This paralllizd structur is wll adaptd to b implmntd in FPGA making possibl to prform ral-tim spctrum stimation for RF signals with a larg bandwidth This charactristic is quit important for Cognitiv Radios to sns th spctrum and find opportunitis in ral-tim This work is organizd as follows, in th nxt sction w will prsnt th HFBs and th rlatd thory and th main rsults On sction 3 w will prsnt th spctrum snsing problm for widband signals W will nd this sction with our mthod that uss a HFB and a paralllizd FFT basd structur Finally w hav th conclusions 2 HYBRID FILTER BAKS Hybrid Filtr Banks ar a kind of multichannl sampling whr th analog input signal is filtrd by a bank of analog
2 filtrs, in our cas, bandpass filtrs In [8] Papoulis hav shown that this multichannl sampling, whr th input signal xt) is filtrd by filtrs H k jω) is quivalnt to th traditional sampling if th dtrminant of a squar matrix dpndnt of th filtrs frquncy rspons and th aliass componnts is diffrnt from zro for all th frquncis Ω radians pr scond) In th Fig 1 w can s th proposd structur whr th filtrs F k z) ar th digital synthsis filtrs From th systm architctur of Fig 1, w can writ xt) H0j ) H1j ) H-1j ) x0t) x1t) x-1t) Ts v0n) v1n) v-1n) y0n) y1n) y-1n) F0z) F1z) F-1z) Fig 1 Gnralizd structur of th Hybrid Filtr Bank th Fourir transform of th output signal X jω) = 1 T s m=0 + p= H m j ω T s j 2πp T s X j ω j 2πp T s T s ) ) F m jω ), with ω th angular frquncy in radians Without loss of gnrality w can assum that th input signal xt) is low-pass with bandwidth B < f s /2, and so w can dfin H m jω ) as th priodic xtnsions of th analog filtrs H m jω) This way w can dfin an all digital quivalnt filtr bank whr th output signal can b writtn as X jω) = 1 X jω 2π p)) T s p=0 m=0 ^ xn) 1) H m jω 2π p)) F m jω ) 2) W can transform th prvious quation on a systm of quations by sampling th quation in th frquncy domain in Q points and gtting f = H Q A) + B, 3) whr H Q is a Q Q matrix function of th analog filtrs, A is a Q L matrix with th discrt Fourir transform trms, B is th dsird frquncy rspons of th systm givn by B jωq) = T s [ jω qd, 0,, 0 ] T, 4) and f is an array with th L cofficints of ach digital synthsis filtr [9] 21 HFB Dsign If th numbr Q of frquncy sampling points is larg, th systm of quations 3 is difficult to solv and som suboptimal algorithms can b usd [10] If th signal xt) has a spars support in th frquncy domain, it is possibl to xploit this to rlax th filtrs F z) by allowing amplitud distortion and aliasing for th frquncis whr th signal xt) is zro or irrlvant In [11] th authors usd a wighting function to improv th rconstruction rsults of th HFB and in [7] th author usd th Papoulis-Grchbrg algorithm to obtain similar rsults 211 Snsitivity to th analog filtrs variation Whn using th mthods basd on a priori masurmnt of th analog filtrs, w nd a prfct charactrization of th frquncy rspons of th analog filtrs in ordr to dsign a digital synthsis filtr bank that can prfctly compnsat th amplitud and phas distortion whil prform th canclation of th aliasing trms du to th subsampling Howvr, as shown in [10] if th frquncy rspons of th filtrs ar masurd off-lin, thn, whn th filtrs ar connctd to th final acquisition systm, th conditions chang and this difrnc can compromis th rconstruction rsults of th signal ˆxn) rsulting in a limitd ffctiv numbr of bits EOB) for th rconstructd digital signal To solv this problm, svral authors [12 14] proposd an adaptiv digital synthsis filtr bank, but all of thm assum that a tim intrlavd vrsions of th signal ˆxn) is availabl to act as th dsird signal, which in ral implmntations can b difficult to obtain Othr authors also proposd som blind tchniqus [15,16] to avoid th gnration of th dsird signal and propos adaptiv tchniqus that only us th output signal from th synthsis filtr bank 212 Jittr snsitivity In a HFB with svral filtrs covring a larg bandwidth, for th filtrs with th highst cntral frquncy, two problms aris, i) th highr quality factor ndd for this filtrs and ii) th highr subsampling ratio ndd maks th sampl and hold opration mor snsitiv th clock jittr In [10] th authors proposd a HFB with two stags that can solv this two problms Howvr th proposd solution is mor complx and nds som furthr dvlopmnts and study 22 Efficint Implmntation of HFB Th structur of th Fig 1 is not fficint bcaus th intrpolators introduc zros into th squncs and simultanously
3 chang th sampling rat by a factor Firstly, th sampling rat xpandrs by a factor bfor th digital filtrs F k z) would b a wast of rsourcs It is wll known that a polyphas structur will b prfrabl Th main advantag of this structur, as w can s in th Fig 2, is that th intrpolators wr movd to th output of th filtr bank Considr th polyphas dcomposition of th m th synthsis filtr F m z) = l=0 z l) R lm z ) 5) xt) H 0j ) H 1j ) H -1j ) x 0t) x 1t) x -1t) Ts v 0n) v 1n) v-1n) Rz) x 0n) x 1n) x-1n) z -1 z -1 ^ xn) that can b writtn in matrix form as [F 0 [ z) F z)] = z ) z 2) 1 ] R 0,0 z ) R 0, z ) R 1,0 z ) R 1, z ) R,0 z ) R, z ) 6) whr w hav now a matrix Rz ) with th 2 polyphas filtrs F m z) This structur is mor fficint but combining all th diffrnt phass x m n) to obtain th signal ˆxn) can b an insuprabl task vn for th high-nd FPGAs Suppos, for xampl, that w hav a systm with = 8 s working at a sampling rat of 100sps Thn, th sampling rat for th signal ˆxn) would b 800sps, which is far abov th maximum that currnt FPGA tchnology can achiv Th main ida and propos of this papr is to show that it is possibl to dirctly us th polyphas signals x i in th algorithms of th rcivr such as spctrum snsing In this work w show that is possibl to avoid th gnration of th signal ˆxn) if th rcption algorithms ar modifid to us dirctly th signals x i n) Doing this, w hav a paralll procssing structur that uss th phass of th signal ˆx from th hybrid filtr bank, making possibl to implmnt this kind of SDR using a FPGA orovr, w will show in th nxt sction how w can modify th FFT algorithm to gt a spctrum analyzr for spctrum snsing with wid bandwidth and a high dynamic rang at th sam tim 3 SPECTRU SESIG WITH HFB On of th ky faturs for a cognitiv radio is th ability to sns th spctrum in ordr to find spctrum hols Howvr, this task must b prformd in ral-tim as th transmission opportunitis can b tmporary Th spctrum analysis must also b prformd for a wid bandwidth In practic, ths two conditions ar difficult to mt Th traditional way to prform spctrum snsing for a larg portion of th spctrum is basd on a htrodyn radio, scanning th spctrum on slic at a tim This tchniqu can not b considrd a ral-tim snsing of th spctrum On of th most promising spctrum snsing tchniqus is th multitapr mthod with Fig 2 Gnralizd structur of th Hybrid Filtr Bank nrgy dtctors at ach frquncy output This mthod dos not nd any a priori information about th input signal and du to this can b considrd as an agnostic spctrum snsing tchniqu In [4] th authors show that similar rsults can b achivd with a proprly dsignd filtr bank To implmnt a filtr bank with a high computational fficincy, w nd an fficint implmntation of a FFT In th nxt sction w will s how to tak advantag of th paralll architctur of th HFB to implmnt a paralll vrsion of th FFT that can fulfill th goals of a ral-tim spctrum snsing for cognitiv radios 31 Widband Spctrum Snsing with HFB From th Fig 2 w can s that th last stag of th polyphas implmntation of th SFB is nothing mor than a to 1 tim multiplxr If w want to prform spctrum snsing of th signal ˆxn) using th spctrogram with nrgy dtction at ach output, th first stp is a srial to paralll opration that is quivalnt to a 1 to dmultiplxr Howvr this structur is not wll suitd for a FPGA implmntation In [17] th author prsnts a dcimatd in frquncy FFT algorithm, whr a -point FFT is dcomposd in 4 /4-point FFTs followd by a 4-points FFT This dcomposition allows th implmntation of a largr FFT with a paralllizd architctur whil taking advantag of th xisting FPGA FFT blocks Howvr, in our cas w nd a diffrnt vrsion of th algorithm whr th input signals ar a polyphas dcomposition of ˆxn) Considr th following dfinition of th discrt Fourir transform DFT) Xk) = 1 xn)w nk 7) with W = j 2π W can dcompos th signal xn) in its phass and th DFT can b writtn as a function of this signals Xk) = / xn + a)w n+a)k, 8)
4 and if w dfin th polyphas signals x a n) = xn + a) with a [0, 1,, 1], thn w can writ Xk) = / x a n)w n+a)k 9) x[n] x[n+1] x[n+2] x[n+-1] /-point FFT /-point FFT /-point FFT /-point FFT -point DFT X[k] X[k+/] X[k+2/] X[k+-1)/] Howvr, w want to transform th -point DFT in / - point DFTs To achiv this w can split th Fourir transform vctor in parts as follows Xl + b/) = / x a n)w n+a)l+b/) 10) whr k = l + b/ with l [0, 1,, / 1] and b [0, 1,, 1] Thn w can simplify to W n+a)l+b/) 11) W nl) / W al) W ab/) 12) whr w hav usd ths two proprtis, W Zl W Zln 10) to with = W ln /Z Xl + b/) = = 1 and with Z an intgr Thn w can simplify X a l) = / X a l)w al W ab/, 13) x a n)w nl /, 14) whr w hav usd th proprty W ab/ = W ab Applying th following chang of variabl X a l) = X a l)w al w can writ 13) as Xl + b/) = X a l)w ab, 15) which can b intrprtd as th -point DFT of th signal X a l) Th prvious quation can b rprsntd graphically as shown in th Fig 3 As w can s, w hav a paralllizd structur that uss /-point FFTs making this structur mor suitabl for a FPGA implmntation Th main rstriction for this kind of implmntation would b th numbr of rsourcs availabl and not th spd of th sampling rat to rprsnt th signals 4 IPLEETATIO RESULTS In this sction w will provid som prliminary rsults of th advantags of th proposd paralllisd structur W will considr two scnarios whit th sam numbr of channls = 8, on whr w considr a FFT with bins Fig 3 Dcomposition of th -point FFT in a paralllizd vrsion and anothr on with 8 FFTs with 4096 bins followd by th procssing showd in th Figur 3 Using Xilinx dsign suit w implmntd th FFT with th LogiCORE IP FFT v80 and w gt th rsults prsntd in Tabl 1 Both FFTs ar Tabl 1 FPGA FFT Rsourcs Siz Latncy ax Frq DSPs mory bins µs Hz 18k BRAS Piplind Straming I/O typ, using 16 bits arithmtic with scald output To th rsults obtaind with th 4096 bins FFT w hav to considr th matriz multiplication which will us 32 DSP slics of th FPGA to prform th 8 8 complx multiplications at a maximum rat of 440 Hz Comparing both implmntations w can s that our paralllisd vrsion nds mor DSPs slics and mmory but prsnts a lowr latncy and can work at highr clock frquncy orovr, for widr bandwidth systms th proposd architctur scals mor asily 5 COCLUSIOS Radio frquncy front-nds basd on hybrid filtr banks ar good candidats for cognitiv radios Thy allow th acquisition and procssing of wid-band signals without using high spd s orovr, th analog filtr bank with svral band-pass filtrs isolat th s from out of band strong nois and allows diffrnt gains for diffrnt bands improving that way th dynamic rang of th whol HFB With th proposd architctur in this work to prform frquncy analysis, w can build a spctrum snsing systm for cognitiv radio with a high bandwidth working in ral-tim This can b usd to find spctrum opportunitis in ral-tim for a wid band spctrum REFERECES [1] J itola and G Q aguir, Cognitiv radio: making softwar radios mor prsonal, I Prsonal Communications, vol 6, no 4, pp 13 18, 1999
5 [2] Josph itola III, Cognitiv Radio An Intgratd Agnt Architctur for Softwar Dfind Radio, Phd, Royal Institut of Tchnology, 2000 [3] Patrick S Ryan, Som Tsts of Spctrum Usag in Brussls, Blgium, Tch Rp, Univrsity of Colorado at Bouldr, 2004 [4] Erik Axll, Grt Lus, Erik Larsson, and H Poor, Spctrum Snsing for Cognitiv Radio : Stat-of-th- Art and Rcnt Advancs, IEEE Signal Procssing agazin, vol 29, no 3, pp , ay 2012 [5] Jol A Tropp, Jason Laska, arco F Duart, Justin K Rombrg, and Richard G Baraniuk, Byond yquist: Efficint Sampling of Spars Bandlimitd Signals, IEEE Transactions on Information Thory, vol 56, no 1, pp , 2010 [6] ishali and YC Eldar, Blind ultiband Signal Rconstruction: Comprssd Snsing for Analog Signals, IEEE Transactions on Signal Procssing, vol 57, no 3, pp , ar 2009 [7] José Pdro agalhãs, Tófilo ontiro, José Viira, Robrto Gómz-Garcia, and uno B Carvalho, Papoulis-Grchbrg Hybrid Filtr Bank Rcivr for Cognitiv-/Softwar Dfind Radio Systms, in IS- CAS2013, Bijing, China, 2013 [8] A Papoulis, Gnralizd sampling xpansion, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systms, vol 24, no 11, pp , ov 1977 [9] Davud Asmani, Jacqus Oksman, and Pirr Duhaml, Subband Architctur for Hybrid Filtr Bank {A/D} Convrtrs, IEEE Journal on Slctd Topics in Signal Procssing, vol 2, no 2, pp , 2008 [10] José P agalhãs, José Viira, Robrto Gómz- Garcia, and uno Borgs Carvalho, Bio-Inspird Hybrid Filtr Bank for Sotwar-Dfind Radio Rcivrs, IEEE Transactions on icrowav Thory and Tchniqus, vol 61, no 4, pp , 2013 [11] T Ptrscu, J Oksman, and P Duhaml, Synthsis of hybrid filtr banks by global frquncy domain last squar solving, in IEEE Intrnational Symposium on Circuits and Systms, ISCAS, Kob, Japan, 2005, IEEE, vol 6, pp [12] P Satarzadh, BC Lvy, and PJ Hurst, Adaptiv Smiblind Calibration of Bandwidth ismatch for Two-Channl Tim-Intrlavd s, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systms I: Rgular Paprs, vol 56, no 9, pp , Spt 2009 [13] L Fng and W amgoong, An adaptiv maximally dcimatd channlizd UWB rcivr with cyclic prfix, in IEEE Intrnational Confrnc on Communications, 2005 ICC , vol 3, pp , IEEE [14] Zhiguo Song, Carolin Llandais-Prrault, Danil Poulton, and Philipp Bnabs, Adaptiv qualization for calibration of subband hybrid filtr banks A/D convrtrs, in 2009 Europan Confrnc on Circuit Thory and Dsign Aug 2009, pp 45 48, IEEE [15] Davud Asmani, Jacqus Oksman, and Danil Poulton, Digital Estimation of Analog Imprfctions Using Blind Equalization, in 14th Europan Signal Procssing Confrnc, Flornc, Italy, 2006 [16] Damián Edgardo arlli, Kaushik ahata, and inyu Fu, Hybrid Filtrbank s With Blind Filtrbank Estimation, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systms I: Rgular Paprs, vol 58, no 10, pp , Oct 2011 [17] Josph Palmr and Brnt lson, A paralll FFT architctur for FPGAs, Fild Programmabl Logic and Application, vol 3203, pp , 2004 [18] Xilinx, LogiCor IP - Fast Fourir Transform v80, 2012
CH 7. Synchronization Techniques for OFDM Systems
CH 7. Synchronization Tchnius for OFDM Systms 1 Contnts [1] Introduction Snsitivity to Phas Nois Snsitivity to Fruncy Offst Snsitivity to Timing Error Synchronization Using th Cyclic Extnsion l Tim synchronization
More information90 and 180 Phase Shifter Using an Arbitrary Phase-Difference Coupled-line Structure
This articl has bn accptd and publishd on J-STAGE in advanc of copyditing. Contnt is final as prsntd. IEICE Elctronics Exprss, Vol.* No.*,*-* 90 and 80 Phas Shiftr Using an Arbitrary Phas-Diffrnc Coupld-lin
More informationLab 12. Speed Control of a D.C. motor. Controller Design
Lab. Spd Control of a D.C. motor Controllr Dsign Motor Spd Control Projct. Gnrat PWM wavform. Amplify th wavform to driv th motor 3. Masur motor spd 4. Masur motor paramtrs 5. Control spd with a PD controllr
More informationIntroduction to Medical Imaging. Signal Processing Basics. Strange Effects. Ever tried to reduce the size of an image and you got this?
Strang Effcts Introduction to Mdical Imaging Evr trid to rduc th siz of an imag and you got this? Signal Procssing Basics Klaus Mullr Computr Scinc Dpartmnt Stony Brook Univrsity W call this ffct aliasing
More informationLogic Design 2013/9/26. Outline. Implementation Technology. Transistor as a Switch. Transistor as a Switch. Transistor as a Switch
3/9/6 Logic Dsign Implmntation Tchnology Outlin Implmntation o logic gats using transistors Programmabl logic dvics Compl Programmabl Logic Dvics (CPLD) Fild Programmabl Gat Arrays () Dynamic opration
More informationRECOMMENDATION ITU-R M.1828
Rc. ITU-R M.188 1 RECOMMENDATION ITU-R M.188 Tchnical and oprational rquirmnts for aircraft stations of aronautical mobil srvic limitd to transmissions of tlmtry for flight tsting in th bands around 5
More information3G Evolution. OFDM Transmission. Outline. Chapter: Subcarriers in Time Domain. Outline
Chaptr: 3G Evolution 4 OFDM Transmission Dpartmnt of Elctrical and Information Tchnology Johan Löfgrn 2009-03-19 3G Evolution - HSPA and LTE for Mobil Broadband 1 2009-03-19 3G Evolution - HSPA and LTE
More informationDETERMINATION OF ELECTRONIC DISTANCE MEASUREMENT ZERO ERROR USING KALMAN FILTER
Europan Scintific Journal Sptmbr 24 dition vol., No.27 ISSN: 87 788 (rint) - ISSN 87-743 DETERMINATION OF ELECTRONIC DISTANCE MEASUREMENT ZERO ERROR USING KALMAN FILTER Onuwa Owuashi, hd Dpartmnt of Goinformatics
More informationIntroduction to Digital Signal Processing
Chaptr Introduction to. Introduction.. Signal and Signal Procssing A signal is dfind as any physical quantity which varis with on or mor indpndnt variabls lik tim, spac. Mathmatically it can b rprsntd
More informationSignals and Systems Fourier Series Representation of Periodic Signals
Signals and Systms Fourir Sris Rprsntation of Priodic Signals Chang-Su Kim Introduction Why do W Nd Fourir Analysis? Th ssnc of Fourir analysis is to rprsnt a signal in trms of complx xponntials x t a
More informationEECE 301 Signals & Systems Prof. Mark Fowler
EECE 301 Signals & Systms Prof. Mark Fowlr ot St #25 D-T Signals: Rlation btwn DFT, DTFT, & CTFT Rading Assignmnt: Sctions 4.2.4 & 4.3 of Kamn and Hck 1/22 Cours Flow Diagram Th arrows hr show concptual
More informationPolyphase Modulation Using a FPGA for High-Speed Applications
Polyphas Modulation Using a FPGA or High-Spd Applications Fbruary 008, vrsion.0 Application ot 5 Introduction Polyphas Modulation This application not rviws and analys a polyphas modulation schm that gnrats
More informationTheory and Proposed Method for Determining Large Signal Return Loss or Hot S22 for Power Amplifiers Using Phase Information
Thory and Proposd Mthod for Dtrmining arg Signal Rturn oss or Hot S for Powr Amplifirs Using Phas Information Patrick Narain and Chandra Mohan (Skyworks Solutions, Inc.) Introduction: Powr amplifirs (s)
More informationChapter 2 Fundamentals of OFDM
Chaptr 2 Fundamntal of OFDM 2. OFDM Baic [9] Th baic principl of OFDM i to divid th high-rat data tram into many low rat tram that ach i tranmittd imultanouly ovr it own ubcarrir orthogonal to all th othr.
More information4.5 COLLEGE ALGEBRA 11/5/2015. Property of Logarithms. Solution. If x > 0, y > 0, a > 0, and a 1, then. x = y if and only if log a x = log a y.
/5/05 0 TH EDITION COLLEGE ALGEBRA 4.5 Eponntial and Logarithmic Equations Eponntial Equations Logarithmic Equations Applications and Modling LIAL HORNSBY SCHNEIDER 4.5-4.5 - Proprty of Logarithms If >
More informationMatched filter based algorithm for blind recognition of OFDM systems
Matchd filtr basd algorithm for blind rcognition of OFDM systms Abdlaziz Bouzgzi, Philipp Ciblat, and Pirr Jallon CEA-LETI, MIATEC - Grnobl, Franc (Email: abdlaziz.bouzgzi@ca.fr, pirr.jallon@ca.fr) EST,
More informationLow Cross-Polarization Slab Waveguide Filter for Narrow-Wall Slotted Waveguide Array Antenna with High Gain Horn
Intrnational Confrnc on Mchatronics Enginring and Information Tchnology (ICMEIT 2016) Low Cross-Polarization Slab Wavguid Filtr for Narrow-Wall Slottd Wavguid Array Antnna with High Gain Horn Guoan Xionga,
More informationA Pilot Aided Averaging Channel Estimator for DVB-T2
> mm 13-48 IEEE BMSB 2013 < 1 A Pilot Aidd Avraging Channl Estimator for DVB-T2 Spiridon Zttas, Pavlos I. Lazaridis, Zaharias D. Zaharis, Stylianos Kasampalis, and John Cosmas, Snior Mmbr, IEEE Abstract
More informationPerformance Comparison between 6-Port and 5-Port homodyne circuits for DOA Estimation
Procdings of th 4th WSEAS Int. Confrnc on Elctromagntics, Wirlss and Optical Communications, Vnic, Italy, Novmbr 20-22, 2006 85 Prformanc Comparison btwn 6-Port and 5-Port homodyn circuits for DOA Estimation
More informationTALLINN UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY. IRO0140 Advanced Space Time-Frequency Signal Processing. Individual Work
TALLINN UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY IRO14 Advancd Spac Tim-Frquncy Signal Procssing Individual Work Toomas Ruubn Tallinn 1 Thory about sprad spctrum scanning signals: W will start our practical work with
More informationTime of Arrival Estimation for WLAN Indoor Positioning Systems using Matrix Pencil Super Resolution Algorithm
Tim of Arrival Estimation for WLAN Indoor Positioning Systms using Matrix Pncil Supr Rsolution Algorithm Ali AASSIE ALI 1, and A. S. OMAR 2 FEIT- IESK,Chair of Microwav and Communication Enginring Postfach
More informationPackage: H: TO-252 P: TO-220 S: TO-263. Output Voltage : Blank = Adj 12 = 1.2V 15 = 1.5V 18 = 1.8V 25 = 2.5V 33 = 3.3V 50 = 5.0V 3.3V/3A.
Faturs Advancd Powr 3-Trminal ustabl or Fixd.V,.5V,.8V,.5V, 3.3V or 5.V Output Maximum Dropout.4V at Full Load Currnt Fast Transint Rspons Built-in Thrmal Shutdown Output Currnt Limiting Good Nois Rjction
More informationAdvanced I/Q Signal Processing for Communication Systems
Advancd I/ Signal Procssing or Communication Systms Mikko Valkama and Markku Rnors Tampr Univrsity o Tchnology Institut o Communications Enginring P.O.Box 553, FIN-33 Tampr, FINLAND Tl: +358-4-849-756,
More informationANALYSIS ON THE COVERAGE CHARACTERISTICS OF GLONASS CONSTELLATION
ANALYSIS ON THE COVERAGE CHARACTERISTICS OF GLONASS CONSTELLATION Itm Typ txt; rocdings Authors Hui, Liu; Qishan, Zhang ublishr Intrnational Foundation for Tlmtring Journal Intrnational Tlmtring Confrnc
More informationFrequency Estimation of Unbalanced Three-Phase Power Systems Using the Modified Adaptive Filtering
Amrican Journal of Signal Procssing 05, 5(A): 6-5 DOI: 0.593/s.ajsp.0.03 Frquncy Estimation of Unbalancd Thr-Phas Powr Systms Using th Modifid Adaptiv Filtring Amir Rastgarnia,*, Azam Khalili, Vahid Vahidpour,
More informationLecture 19: Common Emitter Amplifier with Emitter Degeneration.
Whits, EE 320 Lctur 19 Pag 1 of 10 Lctur 19: Common Emittr Amplifir with Emittr Dgnration. W ll continu our discussion of th basic typs of BJT smallnal amplifirs by studying a variant of th CE amplifir
More informationOnline Publication Date: 15 th Jun, 2012 Publisher: Asian Economic and Social Society. Computer Simulation to Generate Gaussian Pulses for UWB Systems
Onlin Publication Dat: 15 th Jun, 01 Publishr: Asian Economic and Social Socity Computr Simulation to Gnrat Gaussian Pulss for UWB Systms Ibrahim A. Murdas (Elctrical Dpartmnt, Univrsity of Babylon, Hilla,Iraq)
More informationA simple automatic classifier of PSK and FSK signals using characteristic cyclic spectrum
Mathmatical Mthods and chniqus in Enginring and Environmntal Scinc A simpl automatic classifir of PSK and FSK signals using charactristic cyclic spctrum ANONIN MAZALEK, ZUZANA VANOVA, VOJECH ONDYHAL, VACLAV
More informationPERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF DIGITAL BEAMFORMING ALGORITHMS
IJRET: Intrnational Journal of Rsarch in Enginring and Tchnology ISSN: 39-63 pissn: 3-738 PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF DIGITAL BEAMFORMING ALGORITMS Sushma K M, Manjula Dvi T Digital Communication and Ntworking
More informationThe Trouton Rankine Experiment and the End of the FitzGerald Contraction
Th Trouton Rankin Exprimnt and th End of th FitzGrald Contraction Dr. Adrian Sfarti 1. Abstract Assuming that FitzGrald was right in his contraction hypothsis, Trouton sought for mor positiv vidnc of its
More informationDPCCH Gating Gain for Voice over IP on HSUPA
DPCCH Gating Gain for Voic ovr IP on HSUPA Oscar Frsan, Tao Chn, Esa Malkamäki, Tapani Ristanimi Institut of Communications Enginring, Tampr Univrsity of Tchnology P.O. Box 553, FIN-33101, Tampr, Finland
More informationIEEE Broadband Wireless Access Working Group <
IEEE C802.16j-07/409 Projct Titl IEEE 802.16 Broadband Wirlss Accss Working Group A Proposal for Transmission of FCH, MAP, R-FCH, R-MAP in Non-transparnt Rlay Systm with Cntralizd
More informationLinearization of Two-way Doherty Amplifier by Using Second and Fourth Order Nonlinear Signals
3 Linarization of Two-way Dohrty Amplifir by Using Scond and Fourth Ordr Nonlinar Signals Alksandar Atanasković and Nataša Malš-Ilić Abstract In this papr, a two-way Dohrty amplifir with th additional
More informationGrid Impedance Estimation for Islanding Detection and Adaptive Control of Converters
Grid Impdanc Estimation for Islanding Dtction and Adaptiv Control of Convrtrs Abdlhady Ghanm, Mohamd Rashd, Mark Sumnr, M. A. El-says and I. I. I. Mansy Dpartmnt of Elctrical and Elctronics Enginring,
More informationAnalysis and Practical Comparison of Wireless LAN and Ultra-Wideband Technologies for Advanced Localization
Analysis and ractical Comparison of Wirlss LAN and Ultra-Widband Tchnologis for Advancd Localization Stfan Gallr, Jns Schrodr, Golalh Rahmatollahi, Kyandoghr Kyamakya, and Klaus Jobmann Abstract In this
More informationPAPR REDUCTION TECHNIQUES IN OFDM SYSTEMS USING DCT AND IDCT
PAPR REDUCTIO TECHIQUES I OFDM SYSTEMS USIG DCT AD IDCT 1 S. SUJATHA P. DAAJAYA 1 Rsarch Scholar, Dpartmnt ECE, Pondichrry Enginring Collg, Pondichrry, India Profssor, Dpartmnt of ECE, Pondichrry Enginring
More informationDepartment of Humanities & Religious Studies Assessment Plan (REV 6/16)
Dpartm of Humanitis & Rligious Studis Plan (REV 6/16) Larning Goals Outcoms 1. Knowldg of Human Culturs: Studs Humanitis & Rligious Studis should b abl to dmonstrat knowldg of human culturs, thir valus
More informationConducted EMI of Switching Frequency Modulated Boost Converter
doi: 1.7/cc-13-9 13 / 3 Conductd of Switching Frquncy Modulatd Boost Convrtr Dniss Stpins (Rsarchr, Riga Tchnical Univrsity) Abstract In this papr conductd lctromagntic intrfrnc () of boost convrtr with
More informationPAPR REDUCTION OF OFDM SIGNALS USING SELECTIVE MAPPING AND CLIPPING HYBRID SCHEME. Victor Cuteanu, Alexandru Isar
2th Europan Signal Procssg Confrnc (EUSIPCO 212 Bucharst, Romania, August 27-31, 212 PAPR REDUCTIO OF OFDM SIGALS USIG SELECTIVE MAPPIG AD CLIPPIG HYBRID SCHEME Victor Cutanu, Alandru Isar Polithnica Univrsity,
More informationEfficient loop-back testing of on-chip ADCs and DACs
Efficint loop-back tsting of on-chip ADCs and DACs Hak-soo Yu, Jacob A. Abraham, Sungba Hwang, Computr Enginring Rsarch Cntr Th Univrsity of Txas at Austin Austin, TX 787, USA Jongjin Roh Elctrical and
More informationPerformance of Extended Super-Orthogonal Space -Time Trellis Coded OFDM system
Prformanc of Etndd Supr-Orthogonal Spac -im rllis Codd OFDM systm Ilsanmi B. Oluwafmi, Studnt Mmbr,IEEE, and Stanly H. Mnny, Mmbr IEEE School of Elctrical, Elctronic and Computr Enginring Univrsity of
More informationOn parameters determination of multi-port equivalent scheme for multi-winding traction transformers
ARCHIVES OF EECRICA ENGINEERING VO. 6(), pp. 7-7 (5) DOI.55/a-5- On paramtrs dtrmination of multi-port quivalnt schm for multi-winding traction transformrs ADEUSZ J. SOBCZYK, JOSEPH E HAYEK Cracow Univrsity
More informationImpact Analysis of Damping Resistors in Damped Type Double Tuned Filter on Network Harmonic Impedance
pact Analysis of Damping Rsistors in Dampd Typ Doubl Tund Filtr on Ntwork Harmonic pd R.Madhusudhana Rao Assistant Profssor, Elctrical and Elctronics Dpartmnt V R Siddhartha Enginring Collg, Vijayawada,
More informationMigração de Empresas. Offices Market Study
Migração d Emprsas Offics Markt Study LisboN 2017 Migração d Emprsas Lisbon 2017 Aguirr Nwman has conductd th 7th study about companis mobility on th Lisbon offic markt, this tim for th yars and in ordr
More informationAnalysis the Performance of Coded WSK-DWDM Transmission System
Intrnational Journal of Enginring and Tchnology Volum No., Dcmbr, Analysis th rformanc of Codd WSK-DWDM Transmission Systm Bobby Barua Assistant rofssor, Dpartmnt of EEE, Ahsanullah Univrsity of Scinc
More informationAdaptive Design of OFDM Radar Signal With Improved Wideband Ambiguity Function
928 IEEE RANSACIONS ON SIGNAL PROCESSING, VOL. 58, NO. 2, FEBRUARY 200 Adaptiv Dsign of OFDM Radar Signal With Improvd Widband Ambiguity Function Satyabrata Sn and Ary Nhorai, Fllow, IEEE Abstract W propos
More informationComparison of Conventional Subspace-Based DOA Estimation Algorithms With Those Employing Property-Restoral Techniques: Simulation and Measurements
'EEE CUPC' 96, Cambridg, MA, Sptmbr 29 - Octobr 2, 1996 Comparison of Convntional Subspac-Basd DOA Estimation Algorithms With Thos Employing Proprty-Rstoral Tchniqus: Simulation and Masurmnts Rias Muhamd
More informationA Synthesis-free Directional Modulation Transmitter using Retrodirective Array
A Synthsis-fr Dirctional Modulation Transmittr using Rtrodirctiv Array Ding, Y., & Fusco, V. (06. A Synthsis-fr Dirctional Modulation Transmittr using Rtrodirctiv Array. IEEE Journal of Slctd Topics in
More informationDynamic Walking of Biped Robots with Obstacles Using Predictive Controller
ICCKE011, Intrnational Confrnc on Computr and Knowldg Enginring Oct 13-14, 011, Frdowsi Univrsity of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran Dynamic Walking of Bipd Robots with Obstacls Using Prdictiv Controllr Nasrin
More informationHSMS-2823 RF mixer/detector diode
Products > RF Is/iscrts > Schottky iods > Surfac Mount > HSMS-282 HSMS-282 RF mixr/dtctor diod scription ifcycl status: ctiv Faturs Th HSMS-282x family of schottky diods ar th bst all-round choic for most
More informationCommon Collector & Common Base Amplifier Circuits
xprimnt (6): ommon ollctor & as Amplification ircuit xprimnt No. (6) ommon ollctor & ommon as Amplifir ircuits Study Objctiv: (1) To comput and masur th basic charactristics of & amplification. (2) To
More informationSemi Blind Channel Estimation with Training-Based Pilot in AF Two- Way Relaying Networks
Intrnational Journal of Currnt Enginring and chnology E-ISSN 77 406, P-ISSN 347 56 07 INPRESSCO, All Rights Rsrvd Availabl at http://inprssco.com/catgory/ijct Rsarch Articl Smi Blind Channl Estimation
More informationAnalog Integrations Corporation 4F, 9 Industry E. 9th Rd, Science-Based Industrial Park, Hsinchu, Taiwan DS-385B
Adjustabl Micropowr Voltag Rfrnc FEATURES Adjustabl from.v to.v. Oprating urrnt from µa to ma. Low Tmpratur officint. % and % Initial Tolranc. Low Dynamic Impdanc. APPLIATIONS Portabl, BattryPowrd Equipmnt.
More informationEngineering 1620: High Frequency Effects in BJT Circuits an Introduction Especially for the Friday before Spring Break
Enginring 162: High Frquncy Efcts in BJT ircuits an Introduction Espcially for th Friday bfor Spring Brak I hav prpard ths nots bcaus on th day bfor a major vacation brak som popl find it ncssary to lav
More informationA DSP-based Discrete Space Vector Modulation Direct Torque Control of Sensorless Induction Machines
25 A DSP-basd Discrt Spac ctor Modulation Dirct orqu Control of Snsorlss Induction Machins F. Khoucha, K. Marouani, A. Khloui, K. Aliouan UER Elctrotchniqu, EMP(Ex-ENIA) BP 7 Bordj-El-Bahri, Algirs, Algria
More informationInvestigation of Power Factor Behavior in AC Railway System Based on Special Traction Transformers
J. Elctromagntic Analysis & Applications, 00,, ** doi:0.436/jmaa.00.08 Publishd Onlin Novmbr 00 (http://www.scirp.org/journal/jmaa) Invstigation of Powr Factor Bhavior in AC Railway Systm Basd on Spcial
More informationABSTRACT. KUMAR, MISHA. Control Implementations for High Bandwidth Shunt Active Filter. (Under the direction of Dr Subhashish Bhattacharya).
ABSTRACT KUMAR, MISHA. Control Implmntations for High Bandwidth Shunt Activ Filtr. (Undr th dirction of Dr Subhashish Bhattacharya). Th prsnc of multipl harmonics in th powr lin du to various nonlinar
More informationAvailable online at ScienceDirect. International Conference On DESIGN AND MANUFACTURING, IConDM 2013
Availabl onlin at www.scincdirct.com ScincDirct Procdia Enginring 64 ( 03 ) 46 55 Intrnational Confrnc On DESIGN AND MANUFACTURING, IConDM 03 Rsourc utilization of multi-hop CDMA wirlss snsor ntworks with
More informationA Simple And Efficient Implemantation Of Interleaved Boost Converter
A Simpl And Efficint Implmantation Of Intrlavd Boost Convrtr Nasir Coruh Dpartmnt of Elctrical Eninrin ncoruh@kocali.du.tr Satilmis Urun Civil Aviation Coll urun@kocali.du.tr Tarik Erfidan Dpartmnt of
More information1.1 Transmission line basic concepts: Introduction to narrow-band matching networks
. Transmission lin basic concpts: ntroduction to narrow-band matching ntworks March Francsc Torrs, luís Pradll, Jorg Miranda oltag and currnt in th transmission lin For any losslss transmission lin: whr
More informationReal Time Speed Control of a DC Motor Based on its Integer and Non-Integer Models Using PWM Signal
Enginring, Tchnology & Applid Scinc Rsarch Vol. 7, No. 5, 217, 1976-1981 1976 Ral Tim Spd Control of a DC Motor Basd on its Intgr and Non-Intgr Modls Using PWM Signal Abdul Wahid Nasir Elctrical & Elctronics
More informationPerformance Analysis of BLDC Motor for Sinusoidal and Trapezoidal Back-Emf using MATLAB/SIMULINK Environment
Prformanc Analysis of BLDC Motor for Sinusoidal and Trapzoidal Back-Emf using MATLAB/SIMULINK Environmnt Pramod Pal Dpartmnt of Elctrical Enginring Maulana AzadNational Institut of Tchnology Bhopal, India
More informationEnhancing the Performance of Ultra-Tight Integration of GPS/PL/INS: A Federated Filter Approach
Journal of Global Positioning Systms (2006) Vol. 5, No. 1-2:96-104 Enhancing th Prformanc of Ultra-ight Intgration of GPS/PL/INS: A Fdratd Filtr Approach D. Li, J. Wang, S. Babu School of Survying and
More informationsymbols s 1 and s 0 are transmitted simultanously from the transmitters at time instant t. At time instant t + T,the
2 Fifth IEEE Intrnational Symposium on Elctronic sign, Tst & Applications FPGA Implmntation of a Ral Tim Maximum Liklihood Spac-Tim codr on a MIMO Softwar Radio Tst Platform Ptr J. Grn and smond P. Taylor
More informationESX10-10x-DC24V-16A-E electronic circuit protector
Dscription Th plug-in typ ESX10 lctronic circuit protctor slctivly disconncts DC 2 V load circuits by rsponding fastr than th switch mod powr supply to ovrload conditions. Th manual ON/ OFF switch on th
More informationPerformance Analysis and Architecture Design of Vector-Based Ultra- Tightly Coupled GPS/INS Integration on satellite Faults
Prformanc Analysis and Architctur Dsign of Vctor-Basd Ultra- ightly Coupld GPS/INS Intgration on satllit Faults XING-LI SUN 1 WAN-ONG CHEN YAN HAN 1 1 School of Information and Communication Enginring,
More informationCoexistence between WiMAX and Existing FWA Systems in the Band 3500 MHz
Procdings of th Intrnational MultiConfrnc of Enginrs and Computr Scintists 28 Vol II IMECS 28, 19-21 March, 28, Hong Kong Coxistnc btwn WiMAX and Existing FWA Systms in th Band 35 MHz Zaid A. Shamsan,
More informationRobust Sensorless Control of BLDC Motor using Second Derivative Function of the Sum of Terminal Voltages
SERBIAN JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING Vol. 1, No., Jun 13, 75-91 UDK: 61.314.1:681.515 DOI: 1.98/SJEE131144B Robust Snsorlss Control of BLDC Motor using Scond Drivativ Function of th Sum of Trminal
More informationMaking carrier frequency offset an advantage for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing
Univrsity of Wollongong Rsarch Onl Faculty of Informatics - Paprs (Archiv Faculty of Engrg and Information Sccs 8 Mag carrir frquncy offst an advantag for orthogonal frquncy division multiplxg iaojg uang
More informationUsing SigLab for Production Line Audio Test
APPLICATION NOTE Using SigLab for Production Lin Audio Tst SigLab is idal for charactrizing audio componnts. Both its input and output subsystms hav low nois, low distortion and low cross talk. SigLab's
More informationNMR Part IV, Apodization and Zero Filling
NMR Part IV, Apodization and Zro Filling This worksht is an introduction to how apodization and zro filling nhanc S/N and rsolution It is intractiv, so you can chang th variabls and s how thy ffct th signal
More informationSGM8621/2/3/4 250µA, 3MHz, Rail-to-Rail I/O CMOS Operational Amplifiers
PRODUCT DESCRIPTION Th SGM86(singl), SGM86(dual), SGM86(singl with shutdown) and SGM864(quad) ar low nois, low voltag, and low powr oprational amplifirs, that can b dsignd into a wid rang of applications.
More informationMigration ATV11 - ATV12
Th ATV12 is compatibl with th ATV11 (latst vrsion), nvrthlss som diffrncs can xist btwn both drivs. Both modls (ATV11 and ATV12) ar availabl in hatsink or bas plat vrsions. Attntion: ATV11 "E" Dimnsions
More informationPrototype based languages
Prototyp basd languags Author Tomas Billborn & Mallla Srinivasa Rao Abstract Whn objct orintd languags ar brought up as subjct most of us think of languags that support data abstraction by providing data
More informationIntegrated INS/GPS Navigation System
Intrnational Journal on Elctrical Enginring and Informatics - Volum 10, Numbr 3, Sptmbr 2018 Intgratd INS/GPS Navigation Systm Targ Mahmoud and Bambang Riyanto Trilaksono School of Elctrical Enginring
More informationSmart 4G network:-implementation of SDR & SON with Automatic EM Radiation control Prakash Pancholy, Jyoti Kushwaha, Richa Chitranshi
Smart 4G ntwork:-mplmntation of SR & with Automatic M Radiation control Prakash Pancholy, Jyoti Kushwaha, Richa Chitranshi Abstract With th rapid dvlopmnt of numbr of mobil tchnologis and air intrfacs
More informationCSE 554 Lecture 1: Binary Pictures
CSE 554 Lctur 1: Binary Picturs Fall 2016 CSE554 Binary Picturs Sli 1 Gomtric Forms Continuous forms Dfin by mathmatical functions Curvs Surfacs E.g.: parabolas, splins, subivision surfacs 2 y x z Sin[
More informationAN MIP APPROACH TO THE U-LINE BALANCING PROBLEM WITH PROPORTIONAL WORKER THROUGHPUT. Reyhan Erin Magna PowerTrain Troy, Michigan
AN IP APPROACH TO THE U-LINE BALANCING PROBLE WITH PROPORTIONAL WORKER THROUGHPUT Ryhan Erin agna PowrTrain Troy, ichigan 48048. USA Andrs L. Carrano Dpartmnt of Industrial and Systms Enginring, Rochstr
More informationRClamp2451ZA. Ultra Small RailClamp 1-Line, 24V ESD Protection
- RailClamp Dscription RailClamp TVS diods ar ultra low capacitanc dvics dsignd to protct snsitiv lctronics from damag or latch-up du to ESD, EFT, and EOS. Thy ar dsignd for us on high spd ports in applications
More informationA Quadrature Signals Tutorial: Complex, But Not Complicated. by Richard Lyons
A Quadratur Signals Tutorial: Complx, But Not Complicatd by Richard Lyons Introduction Quadratur signals ar basd on th notion of complx numbrs and prhaps no othr topic causs mor hartach for nwcomrs to
More informationLNA IN GND GND GND GND IF OUT+ IF OUT- 7. Product Description. Ordering Information. GaAs HBT GaAs MESFET InGaP HBT
LOW NOISE AMPLIFIER/ RoHS Compliant & Pb-Fr Product Packag Styl: SOIC- Faturs Singl V to.v Powr Supply MHz to MHz Opration db Small Signal Gain.dB Cascadd Nois Figur.mA DC Currnt Consumption -dbm Input
More informationAsian Power Electronics Journal
Asian Powr Elctronics Journal, Vol.5 No.1 Aug 211 Asian Powr Elctronics Journal PERC, HK PolyU i Asian Powr Elctronics Journal, Vol.5 No.1 Aug 211 Copyright Th Hong Kong Polytchnic Univrsity 211 All right
More informationEMA5 / UMA5N / FMA5A. V CC -50V -100mA 2.2kW 47kW I C(MAX.) R 1 R 2. Datasheet
M5 / UM5N / FM5 PNP -100m -50V Complx Digital Transistors (Bias Rsistor Built-in Transistors) Datasht Faturs Paramtr V CC -50V -100m 2.2kW 47kW I C(MX.) R 1 R 2 1) Built-In Biasing Rsistors. 2) Two DT123J
More informationTest Results of a Digital Beamforming GPS Receiver in a Jamming Environment Alison Brown and Neil Gerein, NAVSYS Corporation
Tst Rsults of a Digital Bamforming GPS Rcivr in a Jamming Environmnt Alison Brown and Nil Grin, NAVSYS Corporation BIOGRAPHY Alison Brown is th Prsidnt and CEO of NAVSYS Corporation. Sh has a PhD in Mchanics,
More informationETSI TS V1.2.1 ( )
TS 101 376-5-4 V1.2.1 (2002-04) Tchnical Spcification GEO-Mobil Radio Intrfac Spcifications; Part 5: Radio intrfac physical layr spcifications; Sub-part 4: Modulation; GMR-1 05.004 2 TS 101 376-5-4 V1.2.1
More informationChalmers Publication Library
Chalmrs Publication Library Ovrviw of dvlopmnts of th lvn Fds This documnt has bn downloadd from Chalmrs Publication Library (CPL). It is th author s vrsion of a work that was accptd for publication in:
More informationCATTLE FINISHING RETURN
CATTLE FINISHING RETURN S E R I E S Novmbr 2011 CATTLE FINISHING NET RETURNS This articl discusss rcnt trnds in fding cost of gain and cattl finishing profitability. Svral sourcs of data wr usd to comput
More informationA Self-tuning Fuzzy PID Control Method of Grate Cooler Pressure Based on Kalman Filter
WWW..IR WWW..IR A Slf-tuning Fuzzy PID Control Mthod of Grat Coolr Prssur Basd on Kalman Filtr Zhuo Wang, Mingzh Yuan Shnyang Institut of Automation of Chins Acadmy of Scincs, Shnyang, China zwang@sia.cn
More informationDTA123E series V CC I C(MAX.) R 1 R 2. 50V 100mA 2.2k 2.2k. Datasheet. PNP -100mA -50V Digital Transistors (Bias Resistor Built-in Transistors)
DT123 sris PNP -100m -50V Digital Transistors (Bias Rsistor Built-in Transistors) Datasht Paramtr V CC I C(MX.) R 1 R 2 Valu 50V 100m 2.2k 2.2k Faturs 1) Built-In Biasing Rsistors, R 1 = R 2 = 2.2k. Outlin
More informationSGM8631/2/3/4 470µA, 6MHz, Rail-to-Rail I/O CMOS Operational Amplifiers
PRODUCT DESCRIPTION Th SGM86(singl), SGM86(dual), SGM86(singl with shutdown) and SGM864(quad) ar low nois, low voltag, and low powr oprational amplifirs, that can b dsignd into a wid rang of applications.
More informationSGM721/2/3/4 970µA, 10MHz, Rail-to-Rail I/O CMOS Operational Amplifiers
PRODUCT DESCRIPTION Th SGM7 (singl), SGM7 (dual), SGM7 (singl with shutdown) and SGM74 (quad) ar low nois, low voltag, and low powr oprational amplifirs, that can b dsignd into a wid rang of applications.
More informationTransient Voltage Suppressors / ESD Protectors
Transint Voltag Supprssors / ES Protctors PACN04/4/44/45/46 Faturs Two, thr, four, fiv, or six transint voltag supprssors Compact SMT packag savs board spac and facilitats layout in spac-critical applications
More information1/24/2017. Electrical resistance
1/24/2017 Photocopirs and th National Grid Photoconductors so far.. On xampl of a smiconducting matrial Elctrical insulator in th dark, conductor in th light mportant componnt in a photocopir butt Slctiv
More informationFAST INVERSE TONE MAPPING WITH REINHARD S GLOBAL OPERATOR. Yuma Kinoshita, Sayaka Shiota and Hitoshi Kiya
FAST IVERSE TOE MAPPIG WITH REIHARD S GLOBAL OPERATOR Yuma Kinoshita, Sayaka Shiota and Hitoshi Kiya Tokyo Mtropolitan Univrsity Dpartmnt of Information and Communication Systms Tokyo, Japan ABSTRACT This
More informationHardware Manual. STR4 & STR8 Step Motor Drives
Hardwar Manual STR4 & STR8 Stp Motor Drivs 92-3E 2/3/21 92-3E 2/3/21 STR Hardwar Manual Contnts Introduction... 3 Faturs... 3 Block Diagram... 4 Gtting Startd... 5 Mounting th Driv... 6 Conncting th Powr
More informationUS6H23 / IMH23 V CEO 20V V EBO 12V. 600mA R k. Datasheet. Outline Parameter Tr1 and Tr2 TUMT6 SMT6
NPN 600m 20V Digital Transistors (Bias Rsistor Built-in Transistors) For Muting. Datasht Outlin Paramtr Tr1 and Tr2 TUMT6 SMT6 V CO 20V V BO 12V I C 600m R US6H23 1 4.7k IMH23 SOT-457 (SC-74) Faturs 1)
More informationAOZ8904 Ultra-Low Capacitance TVS Diode Array
Ultra-Low Capacitanc TS Diod Array Gnral Dscription Th AOZ8904 is a transint voltag supprssor array dsignd to protct high spd data lins from lctro Static Discharg (SD) and lightning. This dvic incorporats
More informationGA Based Sensing of Sparse Multipath Channels with Superimposed Training Sequence
http://dx.doi.org/.5755/j...44 ELEKRONIKA IR ELEKROECHNIKA, ISSN 39-5, VOL., NO., 6 GA Basd Snsing of Spars Multipath Channls with Supriposd raining Squnc Syd Junaid Nawaz, Moazza I. iwana, Mohaad N. Patwary,
More informationWPCA AMEREN ESP. SEMINAR Understanding ESP Controls. By John Knapik. 2004, General Electric Company
WPCA AMEREN ESP SEMINAR Undrstanding ESP Controls By John Knapik 2004, Gnral Elctric Company Efficincy vs. Spcific Corona Powr KNOW WHERE YOUR ESP RUNS ON THE CURVE 99.9 99.0 Collction Efficincy (Prcnt)
More informationInterSCity: Addressing Future Internet Research Challenges for Smart Cities
IntrSCity: Addrssing Futur Intrnt Rsarch Challngs for Smart Citis Danil Macêdo Batista, Alfrdo Goldman, Robrto Hirata Jr., Fabio Kon Dpartmnt of Computr Scinc Univrsity of São Paulo Email: {batista,gold,hirata,kon}@im.usp.br
More information