Power Quality Analysis of Harmonics in3.5kva Single Phase Generator using Electronic Filter in Matlab/Simulink Environment.

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1 Dr. Eyeubo Ogheekpobo Joth It. Jourl o Egieerig Reserch d Applictio ISSN : 48-96, ol. 8, Issue3, ( Prt -) mrch08, pp RESEARCH ARTICLE Power Qulity Alysis o Hrmoics i3.5ka Sigle Phse Geertor usig Electroic Filter i Mtlb/Simulik Eviromet. Dr. Eyeubo Ogheekpobo Joth* d Pro. Emmuel U. Ubeku** *Deprtmet o Electricl/Electroic Egieerig,Delt Stte Uiversity, Oleh Cmpus, Delt Stte, Nigeri. **Deprtmet o Electricl/Electroic Egieerig,Delt Stte Uiversity, Oleh Cmpus, Delt Stte, Nigeri. Correspodig uthor: Dr. Eyeubo Ogheekpobo Joth ABSTRACT The im o this workis to ivestigte the hrmoic cotet o olier lods coected to 3.5kA power supply source d to mitigte the eects usig electroic ilter (double tued low pss ctive shut ilter).the presece o hrmoics ws ivestigted by collectig dt rom the power source, 3.5 ka usig Owo Oscilloscope meterig device. The dt ws the processed by mes o Fourier lysis ito hrmoic spectrums. Mitigte the hrmoics oud i this power source double tued low-pss ctive shut ilter ws desig rom discrete elemets (resistors, cpcitors d iductors) d implemeted i the MATLAB/SIMULINK eviromet.the result obtied or THD beore d ter the simultio procedure usig the series ctive pssive ilter ws higher th the expected IEEE stdrd o 5%; while the result obtied usig the double tued low pss ctive shut ilter the ter simultio gve stisctory result less th the expected IEEE stdrd o 5% ter simultio Dte o Submissio: Dte o cceptce: I. INTRODUCTION: Electricl AC supply is idelly pure sie-wve o both 50 or 60 Hz udmetl requecy d ll electricl equipmet re desiged or optiml perormce o this supply. Hrmoics re voltges d curretswhich hve requecy compoetstht re itegers multiple o theudmetl requecy pollutigthe pure siusoidl wveorm [].Power electroics such s those used i rectiiers, vrible speed drives, UPS, lightig dimmer switches, televisios d hosts o other equipmet, drw curret i o-siusoidl shio. This o-sie curret itercts with the mis supply d distorts the voltge to greter or lesser degree depedig upo the stregth or wekess (ult level) o the supply []. Nolier lods re ot ecessrily the oly cuse o hrmoics withi the supply system. Geertors d the distributio system itsel c produce hrmoics. Some exmples o olier lods tht geertes hrmoic currets re computers, x mchies, priters, rerigertors, Ts d electroic lightig bllsts. I geertor produces o-idel siusoidl wveorm, the voltge wveorm c coti certi mout o hrmoics [3]. I the distributio system, geertors re cpble o producig hrmoics due to mgetic core sturtio.the geertor used or the purpose o this lysis is 3.5 ka, t F ( Hz), JINLING 3600 with mucturer s dt s: voltge 0, requecy 50Hz, p. uel type petrol. II. BASICS OF FILTER DESIGN[4] O the -c side o the coverters, hrmoic ilters re istlled which limit the low o hrmoic i the -c system, which otherwise my cuse itererece with telecommuictio circuits d produce other deleterious eects. Choice o Filter Q[5] I order to develop the udmetl ides o ilter desig we will cosider the L-C-R sigle tued type. For the L-C-R elemets i series, d with the rm t resot requecy (d where) * [6]. by deiitio o substitutio DOI: / P g e LC Q OPEN ACCESS L R () ()

2 Dr. Eyeubo Ogheekpobo Joth It. Jourl o Egieerig Reserch d Applictio ISSN : 48-96, ol. 8, Issue3, ( Prt -) mrch08, pp.09-4 t udmetl requecy, the totl cpcitce o R the ilter bk is clculted s show below [7]. CQ (3) Let δ be per uit detuig expected rom ll cuses, expressed s eective requecy vritio rom the omil [6]. Y Z Y G Z (4) G jb At pproximte er resoce, G B R( 4Q Q R( 4Q L Q R Y T ) ) (5) (6) (7) (8) jb x omil resoce requecy x ctul requecy ( G G ) j( B B ) (9) G I R( 4Q ) (0) Y I T B / Q R( 4Q ) Some iterestig cses rise rom equtio.0 depedig o the -c system impedce. The Choice o Cpcitor The cpcitor bk is the most costly item i the ilter d usully ccouts or bout 60% o the ilter cost, depedig o the vr rtig o the cpcitor bk. Ater mkig decisio o the mout o vrs to be supplied by the ilter circuits MAR * * C * MAR*0 C * * DOI: / P g e () 6 *0 6 Hvig ixed the totl vlue o cpcitce it my be eqully divided i ll the brches. Usully the bulk o cpcitce is ot put s oe uit but it is divided ito smller uits d these re coected i series-prllel combitios to give the desired cpcitce. Below, the method to divide the cpcitce i smller uits is give. Iductor Rtig d Desig [8] Hvig ixed the vlue o the cpcitor i the rm it is esy to clculte the vlue o rector required to produce series resoce t tht prticulr hrmoic requecy. For resoce t the th hrmoic where, X L() X C() () X L() = udmetl rectce o iductor X C() = udmetl rectce o cpcitor L * * C d the udmetl ka rtig o the rector ka CE ) ( (3) (4) The mi cosidertios i the desig o iductor re the impulse test voltge d the power loss. The most stisctory rrgemet is to hve the impulse test voltge equl to tht or the -c lie. Developmet o Double tued low-pss ctive shut ilter Circuit[9] Assume tht this rective power is to be supplied by the ilter circuits, coected to the primry side. MAR * E * * C *0 MAR*0 C * *75*75*6.0 6

3 Dr. Eyeubo Ogheekpobo Joth It. Jourl o Egieerig Reserch d Applictio ISSN : 48-96, ol. 8, Issue3, ( Prt -) mrch08, pp * L * C Fig.: 3.6 A developed sectio o double tued low-pss ctive shut ilter circuit or simultio [9]. Sigle tued rms re provided or the 5 th, 7 th, th d 3 th hrmoics. The udmetl requecy o high-pss re erly tht due to its cpcitor loe (with remiig compoets short circuited). But i the cse o sigle-tued rms, the voltge t the cpcitor termil is somewht higher th the system voltge. The reltioship or idividul hrmoics is C (5) where, c = udmetl requecy voltge o cpcitor = udmetl requecy system voltge = hrmoic umber. This gives the ollowig umericl vlues: whe, =,, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 0, The correspodig vlues o C, L d R will be computed thus: C For vrious vlues o : Thereore usig these vlues, the cpcitce o ech rm c be reduced ccordigly. We ow tur our ttetio to the desig o the iductive d resistce compoets. The ollowig reltioship pplies or the vlue o rectce X L X C (6) whe, X L = rectce o rector t udmetl requecy X C = cpcitor rectce t the udmetl requecy = hrmoic umber. L C The qulity ctor o the coil is give by where L Q R (7) (8) * orml resoce requecy. The optimum vlue o Q s derived s i where, Cos Q Si (9) Φ = system impedce gle δ = totl detuig expected due to ll cuses. The preseted exmple o the desiged double-tued ilter demostrtes the geeric lgorithm useuless s tool or optimiztio or ilter prmeters without the eed or uecessry simpliictios tht my led to erroeous solutios. The use o geeric lgorithm llows mximum ilter currets/voltges cross the ilter compoets. Eiciet ilter perormce should give distortio vlue o less th 5% t -c system termil. The eectiveess o the ilters i elimitig prticulr hrmoic depeds lrgely o the hrmoic impedce o the -c system t tht requecy. But t preset the hrmoic impedce o -c system cot be computed or mesured ccurtely d relibly t mjor hrmoics. So usully it is ssumed tht the -c system impedce c hve y mgitude but mximum impedce. DOI: / P g e

Dr. Eyeubo Ogheekpobo Joth It. Jourl o Egieerig Reserch d Applictio ISSN : 48-96, ol. 8, Issue3, ( Prt -) mrch08, pp.09-4 Tble ()()Power source 3.5 ka, F (43.

5kA, wveorm without lod usig the series ctive power ilter hrmoic spectrumshowig the udmetl, 3 rd, 5 th d 7 th hrmoics. Figure4: Hrmoic spectrum o Power source 3.

4 Dr. Eyeubo Ogheekpobo Joth It. Jourl o Egieerig Reserch d Applictio ISSN : 48-96, ol. 8, Issue3, ( Prt -) mrch08, pp.09-4 Tble ()()Power source 3.5 ka, F ( Hz), beore lodig [9] Tble ()Power source 3.5 ka, F ( Hz), beore ilterig Figure3: Processed wveorm d hrmoic ter ilterig with opower source 3.5kA, wveorm without lod usig the series ctive power ilter hrmoic spectrumshowig the udmetl, 3 rd, 5 th d 7 th hrmoics. Figure4: Hrmoic spectrum o Power source 3.5kA usig series ctive power ilter with pssive ilter shows the combied eect o the d ter ilterig showig st 3 th hrmoics Figure : Power source 3.5 ka, processed wveorm d hrmoic beore lodig with o- lier lod. DOI: / P g e

5 Dr. Eyeubo Ogheekpobo Joth It. Jourl o Egieerig Reserch d Applictio ISSN : 48-96, ol. 8, Issue3, ( Prt -) mrch08, pp.09-4 Figure5: Hrmoic spectrum o Power source 3.5kA usig double tued lowpssctive shutilter shows the combied eect o the d ter ilterig showig st 9 th hrmoics III. DISCUSSIONS: Power source 3.5 ka, F ( Hz). Figure shows power source 3.5kA wveorm without lod, the hrmoic spectrum showig the udmetl requecy up to 7 th hrmoics, geertors re expected to dmped out ll hrmoics, but or the ct tht the requecy ( Hz t rtig o 3.5 ka) t which the mesuremet ws tke it ws oud out lower th the orml requecy (50 Hz) hece the ssocited hrmoics oud out whe it ws ot loded.. Figure3 shows the THD results beore / ter simultio usig the series shut ctive ilter 8.04%, 5.4% which is 0.4% higher th the expected IEEE stdrd o 5% ter simultio. The spectrum shows st 7 th hrmoic. 3. Figure 4 shows hrmoic spectrum o Power source 3.5kA usig series ctive power ilter with pssive ilter shows the combied eect o the d ter ilterig showig st 3 th hrmoics 4. Figure 5 shows the THD results beore / ter simultio usig the double tued low- pss ctive shut ilter 6.4%,.5% which is 3.49% less th the expected IEEE stdrd o 5% ter simultio. The spectrum shows st 9 th hrmoic. 5. The requecy o the power source 3.5kAis Hz which less th the ctul stdrd 50Hz o opertio, this could be possible reso or the high hrmoic preset i this power source. I. CONCLUSION A eiciet but simple techique hs bee developed or improvemet o power qulity disturbces durig ulty coditios usig double tued low-pss ctive shut ilter circuit or simultio o hrmoic i the electricl power system. The proposed model o the system is simulted i the MATLAB/Simulik eviromet. The results show tht double tued hrmoic ilter is eective i reducig the mgitude d requecy o voltge spikes sigiictly. The presece o prllel C 3 L 3, C 4 L 4, C 6 L 6 d C 8 L 8 circuit will result i circultig hrmoic currets, which i the cse o the cpcitor curret c exceed the udmetl curret. The mgitude o such circultig currets c be cotrolled by lowerig the Q vlue tht is icresig the resistce or istllig resistor R i the circuit. The eectiveess o the ilters i elimitig prticulr hrmoic depeds lrgely o the hrmoic impedce o the olier lod used i the system t tht requecy. It my be cocluded tht more ecoomic d eiciet desigs or the ilters my be obtied by better kowledge o d greter experiece i the ollowig:. A-C system prmeters, especilly the etwork impedce t hrmoic requecies.. Rective power cpbilities o the -c system. 3. Correltio betwee the clculted distortio vlues d those experieced i prctice, d the determitio o cceptble levels. 4. Geertors d the distributio system itsel c produce hrmoics. REFERENCES: []. Dug R, McGrgh M, Stoso S, d Betty H, 005, A coceptul power qulity moitorig techique bsed o multi-get systems. I: 37th Power Symposium, North Americ, pp []. Blbjerg F. Skr, C. d Meier A., 006, Uderstdig Power Qulity Problems: oltge Cotrol d Iterruptios. New York: vers_de_lplce [3]. ez-zdeh, E. C Shiree W d Pitel I, IEEE-59, 00, IEEE Recommeded Prctices d Requiremets or Hrmoic Cotrol i Electric Power Systems, IEEE Trsctios o Power Delivery, vol. 8, o. 3, pp.79-7 [4]. Lwler J. S, Ngpl M., McGrgh, M. F., Grebe, T. E. d Smotyj, M. 004 Desig d Alysis o Hrmoic Filters Usig MATLAB by Ahmed Hss & Azeem Tlib U.E.T Lhore, DOI: / P g e

6 Dr. Eyeubo Ogheekpobo Joth It. Jourl o Egieerig Reserch d Applictio ISSN : 48-96, ol. 8, Issue3, ( Prt -) mrch08, pp.09-4 ctricl-power-systems-qulity-secodeditio Applictios Society Aul Meetig (IAS 005), Kowloo, Hog Kog, pp [5]. Akgi H, 03, Cotrol Strtegy d Site 463 Selectio o Shut Active Filter or [8]. Sumit Kwr, Om Prksh Mhel d Dmpig o Hrmoic propgtio i Power Devedr Mittl, 03, Power Qulity Distributio Systems IEEE Trsctios o Improvemet i Fulty Coditios usig Power Delivery, ol., No. Tued Hrmoic Filters, IOSR Jourl o [6]. Rhye G.W., Steer M.B., d Btes B.D., Electricl d Electroics Egieerig, e- 008, Frequecy-Domi Nolier Circuit ISSN: ,p-ISSN: , Alysis Usig Geerlized Power Series, olume 6, Issue 5, IEEE Trsctios o Microwve Theory [9]. Eyeubo O. J, 05, Power Qulity d Techiques, ol. 36, No., pp Alysis: The Reductio o Hrmoic [7]. Adeyemo D.O. d Adeleke S.A, (005), Cotets i Power Systems USING System d Method or Determiig Power Electroic Filter,Ph.D Thesis, Uiversity o Qulity Cotributios rom No-lier Bei Deprtmet o Electricl d Lods, i Proceedigs o the IEEE Idustry Electroic Egieerig, pp Dr. Eyeubo Ogheekpobo Joth "Power Qulity Alysis o Hrmoics i3.5ka Sigle Phse Geertor usig Electroic Filter i Mtlb/Simulik Eviromet. ""Itertiol Jourl o Egieerig Reserch d Applictios (IJERA), vol. 8, o. 03, 08, pp DOI: / P g e

Performance Analysis of Double Tuned Passive Filter for Power Quality

Performance Analysis of Double Tuned Passive Filter for Power Quality I J C T A, 9(7), 06, pp. 395-3305 Itertiol Sciece Press ISSN: 0974-557 Performce Alysis of Doule Tued Pssive Filter for Poer Qulity Kumr Reddy Cheepti*, Srdr Ali** d Sury Klvthi M.*** ABSTRACT Poer system