ENGINEERING ANALYSIS

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Chloe Atkins
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1 Year :Third ENGINEERING ANALYSIS EG 301 Theory :2 hrs./week Tutorial : hr./week 1) Fourier Transform: Properties, convolution theorem power spectral density and convolution signals and linear system applications. 2) The Z-transform: Region of convergence, properties of Z-transform, Z-transform pairs, the inverse of Z-transform, analysis and discrete-time systems, applications. 3) Numerical Analysis: 15hrs. i)solution of non-linear equations (Iteration, bisection and Newton-Raphson). ii) Finite differences. iii) Numerical differentiation and integration. iv) Numerical solution of 1 st order ordinary differential equations. 4) Matrix analysis: Review of matrix theory, linear transformation, eign values and eign vectors, Laplace transform of matrices, application of matrices to electric cct. 5) Statistics: Definition, frequency distribution (relative and commutative, mean, standard deviation). 6) Probability: Definition, mutually exclusive and conditional probability, permutations and combinations, probability distribution : Binomial, normal and Poisson distributions. 7) Complex variable theory: Function of complex variable, complex differentiation, analytic function and its properties, s integral formula for simply and s theorem, cauchy integration in the complex plane, cauchy s theorem, Laurent series the residue multiply connected regions, complex variable theory: Taylor theorem. 8) Solution of differential equations by power series: s polynomials, Bessel function of the first and second order's equation, legendre kinds, Bessel function properties. 9) Partial differential equation: s equation, solution of boundary condition problems, Wave equation, Laplace general solution, solution by separation of variables. 24

2 Year : Third MICROPROCESSOR ENGINEERING EG 302 Theory : 2 hr./week 1) Introduction to the Microprocessor and Computer: A historical background, the microprocessor-based personal computer system, high level and low level languages. 2) The 8086 Hardware Specifications: Internal Architecture, Pin-outs and the pin functions, clock generator (8284A), bus timing, ready and the wait state, minimum and maximum mode, 8288 bus controller. 3) Addressing Mode: Register, immediate, direct, register indirect, based-plus-index, register relative and base relative 4) Instruction Set and Programming: 18hr. An Instruction set, data movement instructions, arithmetic and logical instructions, program control instruction, programming the microprocessor, using debugger, using assembler. 5) Memory Interface: Memory devices. ROM, EPROM, SRAM, DRAM, address decoding, memory system design, memory interfacing. 6) Input/Output: 14hr. Bus buffering and latching, demultiplexing the busses, the buffered system I/O instructions, isolated and memory-mapped I/O, I/O map, handshaking, I/O port address decoding, 8 and 16 bit I/O port, the PPI (8255) key matrix interface, the 8279 programmable keyboard/display interface, 8254 programmable interval timer. ADC and DAC. 7) Interrupts: 4hr. Basic interrupt processing, hardware interrupts, expanding the interrupt structure, 8259 PIC, interrupt examples. 8) Direct Memory Access. 25

3 Year : Third CONTROL ENGINEERING EG 303 Theory : 2 hrs./week Tut or i al : 1hr./Week 1) Basic definition. 2) Transfer functions: 3hrs. 3hrs. Transfer functions of electrical system, mechanical systems and servo systems. 3) Block diagram algebra: Signal flow graph and meason's rule. 4) Time domain response: Typical test signals and types of the systems, the steady state error due to step, rem and parabolic inputs. 5) Transient response of second order systems. 6) Stability of control system, Routh criterion, Root locus. 7) Frequency response: Introduction to Nyquist plot, Nyquist plot, phase margin, gain margin, introduction to Bode diagram, Bode diagram. 8) Compensation: Lead, lag, lead-lag. 9) Three term controller (PID). 10) State space analysis: 9hrs. 9hrs. State equation for dynamic system (electrical system), solving state equations. 11) Analogue computer simulation. 12) Nonlinear control system: 9hrs. 3hrs. Describing function approach. 26

4 Year: Third (Electrical & Communication Section) ELECTRONICS II C+E 305 Theory :2 hrs./week Analog (One Term) 1) Operational Amplifier Circuits and Applications: Integrated differential amplifier, common mode parameters, bias methods in integrated circuits, introduction to op-amp, circuit analysis of an op-amp ideal opamp, inverting amplifier, noninverting amplifier, feedback theory, frequency response, stability, gain bandwidth product, slew rate, offset currents and voltages. Voltage summer, subtraction, controlled voltage and current sources, integration, differentiation and wave shaping, instrumentation amplifiers, voltage comparators, clipping, clamping and rectifying circuits. 2) Large Signal Amplifier: Amplifier classes and efficiency, class (A), class (B), class (AB), class (C), power BJTs, junction temperature, thermal resistance, power dissipation versus temperature, transistor case and heatsink, power field effect transistors (VMOS), integrated circuit power amplifier. 3) Oscillators: Basic pricciples of sinusoidal oscillators, positive feedback and oscillation, the oscillation criterion (Barkhausen criterion). RC oscillator: RC phase shift oscillator and Wien-bridge oscillator. LC and crystal oscillator. Digital (One Term) 4) Sequential Circuit Design: 4hrs. Sequential circuit counters (Binary, Decade, UP-Down, Cascaded) counter decoding, counter applications, shift register functions, types of shift registers, staic and dynamic registers. 5) Introduction to Programmable Logic Devices: PLD arrays and classification, Programmable Array Logic (PLA), Genetic Array Logic (GAL), PLD programming, PLD software, digital system applications. 6) Interfacing: Digital and analog interfacing, Digital to Analog (D/A) conversion, Analog to Digital (A/D) conversion internal system interfacing, standard buses, digital system application. 8) Arithmetic Processes: Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU). Digital Circuit Design for multiplication. Digital circuit design for division. Digital circuit design for Log, Exp,, etc. 27

5 COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS І C 304 Year: Third Theory : 2 hr/week Tutorial: 1hr/Week 1) Transmission of Signals Through Linear Systems: Transfer function; Impulse response; Convolution; Filters; Distortion-loss Transmission; Transmission of random signals through linear systems. 2) Linear Modulation Systems: 14hr. Linear modulation, AM, DSB, SSB, and ISD Transmission; Amplitude Modulators, generation of SSB; linear demodulation, DSB, AM, and SSB reception; AM transmitter and receiver; Frequency Multiplexing system. 3) Exponential Modulation System: Phase modulation; Frequency modulation; Single and Multi-tone modulation; Generation of FM signals; FM transmitter and receiver; Signal to noise ratio improvement. 4) Noise: Types of noise, noise figure, S/N ratio, noise temperature; Effects of noise on modulated signal, linear modulation, exponential modulation. 5) Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM). 6) Pulse Modulation: Sampling Theorem; Pulse Amplitude Modulation (PAM); Time Division Multiplexing (TDM); Pulse Position & Pulse Width Modulation (PPM & PWM); S/N in Analog pulse modulation. Recommended textbook : " 28

6 A.C. Machines & Power Electronics C 306 Year: Third Theory : 2 hr/week Tutorial: 1hr/Week A.C. Machines (One term) 1) Induction Motors: 16hr. 3-phase & 1-phase; Equivalent circuit; Performance calculations; Starting methods and control. 2) Special Machine: Stepper motors; Cross-field machine; etc 3) Synchronous Machines: Operation; Equivalent circuit and phaser diagram; Excitation system; Performance calculations. Power Electronics (One term) 1) Review of power semiconductors: Devices; application and developments. 2) Power rectification: Uncontrolled signal and multi-phase AC-to-DC converters; Two-quadrant two-pulse bridge fully controlled converter; Three-pulse fully controlled converter; Six-pulse converter; AC-to-DC converter performance with R and R-L loads; communication overlap angle. 3) DC-to-AC Conversion (Inverters): Principle of DC-to-AC conversion; Single-phase bridge converter; Voltage control using pulse width modulation (PWM) frequency control techniques; Forced communication techniques; Six-step three-phase inverter; Harmonic; Neutralization techniques. 4) DC-to-DC Power Conversion (Choppers): Types of chopper circuits; Analysis of class A & B chopper circuits; Voltage and current communication circuits. Recommended textbook: " 29

7 Year: Third ANTENNA & RADIO WAVE PROPAGATION Antenna (One term) C 307 Theory: 2 hrs/week Tutorial: -hrs/week 1) Electromagnetic Fundamentals: 4hrs. Time-varying electromagnetic field equation; non-homogeneous wave equation; Boundary condition; Poynting's theorem; or power equation; Solution of maxwell's equations for radiation problems; field regions; Lorentz reciprocity theorem; Ideal (infinitesimal) electrical dipole. 2) Basic Antenna Concepts: Frequency of operation; Radiation pattern and it's parameters; Beam area( beam solid angle); Effective height; Aperture concept; Antenna polarization; Antennas in communication links and radar; Antenna noise temperature; Receiving properties of antennas; Antenna parameters measurement, Field intensity measurements. 3) Arrays: Linear arrays of n isotropic point sources of unequal amplitude and spacing; Linear arrays of n isotropic point sources of equal amplitude and spacing; Broadside array; End-fire array; Main beam scanning array Linear arrays of n dipole sources of equal amplitude and spacing; Pattern Multiplication; Directivity, Gain and Beam width of an array. 4) Practical Examples of Antennas: Small loop antenna; Traveling-wave antennas; Helical antennas; Log-periodic antenna; Yagi-Uda antennas; Reflector antennas; micro-strip antennas 5) Antenna Sitting: Antenna sitting and the effect of perfect ground. 4hrs. Radio wave propagation (One term) 1) The Propagation Media: The atmosphere; the structure of the atmospheric layers; Electromagnetic properties of the layers. 2) Mode of Wave Propagation: Mode of radio wave propagation in communication and radar systems. 3) Ground Wave Propagation: 4hrs. Ground parameters; propagation equation; propagation problems; applications. 4) Ionosphere Wave Propagation: D-layer attenuation; ionosphere reflective index; Snell's law of refraction; effect of earth's magnetic field; regular variations of the ionosphere; critical frequency; maximum usable frequency; virtual height; launch angle; ionosonds; maximum usable 30

8 frequency factor; optimum working frequency; irregular variations of the ionosphere, fading, HF antennas. 5) Space Wave Propagation in the Troposphere: Effect of earth's curvature reflection; diffraction and atmospheric effects in space wave propagation; super-refraction; fading; Line-of- side(los); Fresnel zone; Radio Relay Links(RRL). 6) Scatter Propagation: Troposphere scatter radio links; ionoscatter and meteor scatter radio systems; propagation equations. Recommended textbook:" 31

ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING (CODE NO. 10) PAPER - I

ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING (CODE NO. 10) PAPER - I 1. Circuit theory Circuit Components, Network graphs, KCL, KVL, Circuit analysis methods: Nodal analysis, mesh analysis, basic network theorems; transient