Introduction to PBN and RNP

Transcription

1 Introduction to PBN and RNP Rick Farnworth ATM/RDS/NAV SDM PBN workshop 19 th October 2017

2 Summary What is PBN? Some History The ICAO PBN Manual The Benefits of PBN Some Examples PBN Approaches PBN and the Environment Available Guidance Material SDM PBN Workshop 2

3 PBN RNAV RNP SDM PBN Workshop 3

4 ROUTES: In search of a safe & perfect path Conventional Navigation Route stuck to Navaids Not flexible Area navigation (RNAV): permits aircraft operation on any desired flight path within coverage of available positioning sources: Great flexibility in route placement both lateral & vertical. SDM PBN Workshop Conventional RNAV 4 358

5 What is Performance Based Navigation? Required Navigation Performance A B The lateral accuracy is only one of several performance and functional requirements included in any PBN specification. SDM PBN Workshop 5

6 What came before PBN? P R E 2 0 B-RNAV P-RNAV US-RNAV RNP10 RNAV and RNP Other States-Regions Russia US Europe Boeing Australia China Airbus F U T U 0 4 RNP 4 RNP/RNAV Canada Japan South America India R E A variety of navigation applications, High Certification Costs action required! SDM PBN Workshop 6

7 The Result was PBN PBN Concept replaced RNP Concept Publication of Doc 9613, PBN Manual in 2008 Resolution of ICAO s 36 th Assembly Reiterated at 37 th Assembly Manual updated in 2013 SDM PBN Workshop 7

8 The components of PBN Navigation Application Navigation Specification NAVAID Infrastructure SDM PBN Workshop 8

9 Navigation Application PBN PBN improves Safety which tops any list. On a route*, PBN provides Confidence in navigation performance both laterally and vertically. Confidence is provided by PBN s ten RNAV and RNP specifications. These spell out crew and aircraft navigation performance needed to operate on a route. *Any ATS route, SID, STAR, Final Approach Procedure flown Using an RNAV system, is a PBN route. SDM PBN Workshop

10 The Navigation Specifications On-Board Performance Monitoring and Alerting RNAV RNP Designation RNP 10* For Oceanic and Remote Continental navigation applications *Actually RNAV 10 Designation RNAV 5 RNAV 2 RNAV 1 For En Route & Terminal navigation applications Designation RNP 4 For Oceanic & Remote Continental navigation applications Designation RNP 2 RNP 1 Advanced RNP RNP APCH RNP AR APCH RNP 0.3 for various phases of flight Designation RNP with additional requirements to be determined (e.g. 3D, 4D etc) SDM PBN Workshop 10

11 Navigation Specification PERFORMANCE Functionalities Navigation Sensors Air crew requirements PERFORMANCE Accuracy Integrity Continuity Availability Document used as the basis for developing Certification & Operational Approval SDM PBN Workshop 11

12 Why PBN is good for you.. Navigation Specification Navigation Application NAVAID Infrastructure Interoperability costs less Improved Flight Efficiency, Environmental impact, safety, capacity.. Enables CDO and CCO While RNAV is good RNP is better, harnessing aircraft capability and space technology RNP Approaches with Vertical Guidance (APV) > Baro or SBAS Curved path transition Greater track assurance - alert if the aircraft is not meeting its requirements Alleviation on airspace interaction constraints Reduces ATC radar monitoring requirements Greater tactical flexibility through parallel offsets Higher integrity from RNP Lays the foundation for more advanced concepts e.g., trajectory management (3D/4D) Infrastructure Extensive use of GNSS DME/DME for reversion where required SDM PBN Workshop 12

13 Radius to Fix (RF) Functionality Fly-by Turns Radius to Fix (RF) R R Designer stipulates the radius and defines the arc centre Aircraft anticipates the turn. Not repeatable R R SDM PBN Workshop 13

14 Schiphol first 2 weeks of January , all aircraft types (390 flights) Before RF - Schiphol R/W 24 HHP 5 HHP 4 HHP 3 HHP 31 HHP 30

15 Schiphol first 2 weeks of January , KLM B737 type (136 flights) RF Benefits - Schiphol R/W 24 HHP 5 HHP 4 HHP 3 HHP 31 HHP 30

16 Riga RNP AR Reduced Track Miles

17 Gothenburg, Fewer miles = Less noise, Baseline scenario RNAV 1 STAR followed by ILS approach to RWY21. RNP AR to RWY21. Benefits with RNP AR: 11 NM shorter than the baseline scenario. Relieving a noise sensitive area of over flying aircraft SDM PBN Workshop 17

18 RNP Approaches RNP APCH Lateral Guidance only With Vertical guidance APV LNAV LP LNAV/VNAV LPV Expected to be flown as CDFA SBAS supported Lateral only APV-Baro APV-SBAS (SBAS supported Localiser Performance with vertical guidance) SDM PBN Workshop 18 18

19 General Evolution of Approaches Lateral Vertical Sensors NPA Non Precision Approaches Conventional RNP APCH VOR/DME/NDB Localizer GPS CDFA APV Approaches with Vertical Guidance APV Baro APV SBAS GPS + Baro GPS + SBAS PA Precision Approaches Conventional GBAS Approach ILS/MLS GPS + GBAS

20 The Case for RNP APCH Safety Vertically guided approach allows stabilized approaches with standard crew ops procedures Reduces runway excursions caused by unstabilised approach Improved situation awareness reduces CFIT risk Reduced pilot workload compared to conventional step-down approach and CDFA Better obstacle design criteria (low temperature protection in LNAV/VNAV procedure design) Low Cost : No dependence on ground based Navaids Reduced minima = Improved Access DH as low as 200ft based on SBAS LPV Potential for straight-in instead of offset approach (due to reduced obstacle clearance surfaces from RNP and/or lack of navaid siting problems)

21 EUROCONTROL activities on RNP approaches RNAV Approach implementation Support Group Input to Standards Guidance Material Training Courses Targeted Implementation Projects Deployment Monitoring SDM PBN Workshop 21

22 Some PBN <> Environmental Issues Track placement flexibility provided by PBN allows more options for route placement > noise can be spread or concentrated. Concentration > noise under single flight path Dispersion > noise annoys more communities. Precise on-board navigation functions make it possible to by-pass noise sensitive areas. PBN s better vertical path management enables improved (lateral) track placement as well as CDOs and CCOs. Thanks to RNP APCH, reduced diversions PBN can be used to reduce Environmental Impact. SDM PBN Workshop 22

23 PBN s challenge Airport neighbours and local communities view PBN:-. As a dirty word Environmental objection can block PBN implementation. SDM PBN Workshop 23

24 Argus News Thursday 27 February 2014 New Gatwick flight path trials are 'destroying' Sussex village life 24

25 Face the facts Aviation is not an impact free industry Balance is needed between Environmental Impact and Social, Economic, Institutional Benefits SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT SDM PBN Workshop 25

26 European Airspace Concept Handbook for PBN Implementation SDM PBN Workshop 26

27 Implementation Steps SDM PBN Workshop 27

28 PBN is a Team Game Requires a multi-disciplinary approach This is why an industry implementation plan is needed with Buy- In from all stakeholders This is why ANSP implementation plan is needed with stakeholder buy-in OEMs Airspace Designers Industry Procedure Designers Data Houses S/holder S/holder Pilots Engineers Controllers Regulators ALL Airspace Users SDM PBN Workshop 28

29 RNP toolkit Generic and common material to support RNP implementation To be developed in cooperation with the Deployment Manager and other stakeholders To be applied by particular stakeholders SDM PBN Workshop 29

30 Thank you for your attention. RNP enabled..

31 PBN SIDs/STARs: PBN on-board functions : david.de-smedt@eurocontrol.int PBN Training : charlie.eliot@eurocontrol.int PBN Approach: richard.farnworth@eurocontrol.int PBN Approach: aline.troadec@eurocontrol.int SDM PBN Workshop 31