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4 MELANCHOLY IN EDGAR ALLAN POE S THE OBLONG BOX AND THE FALL OF THE HOUSE OF USHER (A STYLISTIC APPROACH) By: Erik Ady Prasetyo Approved to be examined before the Board Examiner Faculty of Cultural Science Sebelas Maret University Thesis Consultant Prof. Drs. Mugijatna, M.Si., Ph.D NIP The Head of English Department Drs. Agus Hari Wibowo, M.A. Ph.D NIP ii

5 MELANCHOLY IN EDGAR ALLAN POE S THE OBLONG BOX AND THE FALL OF THE HOUSE OF USHER Written by: ERIK ADY PRASETYO C Accepted and Approved by the Board of Examiners Faculty of Cultural Science Sebelas Maret University On September 2016 Position Name Signature Chairman Dra. Susilorini, M.A. NIP Secretary Karunia Purna Kusciati, S.S, M.Si NIP First Examiner Prof. Drs. Mugijatna, M.Si, Ph.D NIP Second Examiner Dra. Endang Sri Astuti M.S NIP The Dean of Faculty of Cultural Science Sebelas Maret University Prof. Drs. Riyadi Santoso, M.Ed, Ph.D NIP iii

6 PRONOUNCEMENT Name Number : Erik Ady Prasetyo : C I declare that this thesis entitled Melancholy in Edgar Allan Poe s The Oblong Box and The Fall of the House of Usher is truly the original research done by me. Any source taken from the people s work are quoted in the research and cited in bibliography. If there is a proof that it is incorrect, I am ready to take the academic responsibility, including the thesis cancellation and academic degree. Surakarta, September 2016 Erik Ady Prasetyo iv

7 MOTTO Let it flow, like the wind s blow! ~ Mas, the Bard ~ Schadenfreude : Happiness comes from the others sorrows. ~ Charles Ogden, Edgar and Ellen Series ~ v

8 DEDICATION This thesis is kindly dedicated to: Anyone who reads this thesis. I hope this little piece of knowledge drove you to seek the truth About the world and its surroundings With the eyes of literature vi

9 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT All Praises to God, The Lord of Almighty, who has given His blessing, strength, and mercy to me, so I have been able to finish this thesis clearly. No efforts can be fruitful without His guidance which always supports me when I feel On this special occasion, I would like to express my deepest gratitude to : 1. Prof. Drs. Riyadi Santosa, M. Ed., Ph. D, the Dean of the Faculty of Cultural Science, who has approved this thesis to be written. 2. Drs. Agus Hari Wibowo, M. A., Ph. D, the Head of the English Department, who always gives me an advice to finish this thesis. 3. Prof. Drs. Mugijatna, M. Si., Ph.D, My thesis advisor, who unceasingly provides a guidance in theoretical analysis and academic resources to accomplish this thesis. For 1,5 years, I have learned many things from you as I write this thesis. Thank you for your support and patience. 4. Drs. Endang Sri Astuti, M. S., my academic supervisor, who supports me with suggestions and advices related to my academic problems. Thank you for your guidance inside and outside the class. 5. All the lecturers in the English Department, who extends my knowledge with theory and practice during my study. I would like to express my gratitude for you all. vii

10 6. My parents, Dad and Mom, who are always patient in facing my deliquencies. You are really my precious treasures. 7. My brothers and sister for the greatest love you all give to me. 8. My friends in English Department for the encouragement and knowledge they have given to increase the material for this thesis. You all know how to survive through this major test. 9. Sincerely, I would like to give thanks to my closest friends, Royal Family a.k.a. Pemburu Baliratih (Arsyad, Arief, Tefy, Edhel). You all indirectly teach me how to be myself and always encourage me, whatever path I take. 10. All the persons who help me in writting this thesis and who can not be mentioned one by one. Finally, the writer hopes that this thesis will be useful for all readers, especially the English Department student who are interested in conducting literature research. Surakarta, September 2016 The Researcher viii

11 TABLE OF CONTENTS TITLE... i APPROVAL OF THE CONSULTANT... ii APPROVAL OF THE BOARD OF EXAMINERS... iii PRONOUNCEMENT... iv MOTTO... v DEDICATION... vi ACKNOWLEDGEMENT... vii TABLE OF CONTENTS... ix ABSTRACT... xi CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION A. RESEARCH BACKGROUND... 1 B. SCOPE OF RESEARCH... 4 C. RESEARCH PROBLEM... 4 D. RESEARCH OBJECTIVE... 4 E. RESEARCH BENEFIT... 5 F. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY... 5 G. THESIS ORGANIZATION... 8 CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW A. PREVIOUS RESEARCH... 9 B. STYLISTICS DICTION SENTENCE FIGURE OF SPEECH (TROPE) C. MELANCHOLY ix

12 CHAPTER III ANALYSIS A. POE S STYLE THROUGH FIGURE OF SPEECH IN THE OBLONG BOX a. PERSONIFICATION b. METAPHOR c. HYPERBOLE d. LITOTES e. EUPHEMISM f. HYPALLAGE g. SIMILE IN THE FALL OF THE HOUSE OF USHER a. PERSONIFICATION b. METAPHOR c. HYPERBOLE d. LITOTES e. ANTITHESIS f. POLYSINDETON B. MELANCHOLY IN POE S SHORT STORIES MELANCHOLY IN THE OBLONG BOX MELANCHOLY IN THE FALL OF THE HOUSE OF USHER CHAPTER IV CONLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION A. CONCLUSION B. RECOMMENDATION BIBLIOGRAPHY x

13 ABSTRACT Erik Ady Prasetyo Melancholy in Edgar Allan Poe s The Oblong Box and The Fall of the House of Usher (Stylistic Approach). Thesis: English Department, Faculty of Cultural Science, Sebelas Maret University. The research aims to examine the melancholy as reflected in Edgar Allan Poe s two short stories entitled The Oblong Box and The Fall of The House of Usher through the figurative language and its significance. The objective of the research are: 1) to describe the style or figurative language in the short stories, and 2) to analyze how Poe utilized the style in order to express melancholy. The research belongs to the descriptive qualitative research. The reserch uses Stylistic approach and the concept of melancholy by Markus Treichler (2008). The data are collected through the technique of close reading in order to see each word, phrase, and sentence from the short stories. The data are taken from the sentences that utilized figurative language and express melancholy. The result of analysis is divided into two parts: 1) The style in the two short stories, and 2) The melancholy in the two short stories. From the first part, it has found nine figurative language which are used in the two short stories. They are Antithesis, Euphemism, Hypallage, Hyperbole, Litotes, Metaphor, Personification, Poysindeton, and Simile. Among these figurative language, Metaphor and Personification are frequently used in the short story, because they can create a vivid effect to express melancholy. From the second part, there are two stages of melancholy in the short stories based on treichler s concept of melancholy. They are, 1) suffering for the condition of the world, and 2) suffering for the condition of oneself. Keywords: Stylistics, Melancholy, Figurative Language, Edgar Allan Poe xi

14 ABSTRAK Erik Ady Prasetyo Melancholy in Edgar Allan Poe s The Oblong Box and The Fall of the House of Usher (Stylistic Approach). Skripsi: Sastra Inggris, Fakultas Ilmu Budaya, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Penelitian ini mencoba menemukan unsur melankoli yang terdapat dalam dua cerpen Edgar Allan Poe, yaitu The Oblong Box dan The Fall of the House of Usher. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah: 1) untuk mendeskripsikan gaya bahasa yang terkandung dalam dua cerpen tersebut, and 2) untuk menganalisa teknik penulisan Poe dalam mengekspresikan melankoli. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif, serta menggunakan teori Stilistika dan konsep melankoli yang diusung oleh Markus Treichler (2008). Data penelitian diambil dengan menerapkan teknik close reading (membaca cermat) agar bisa menemukan gaya bahasa serta unsur melankoli yang terkandung di dalamnya. Hasil analisis dibagi menjadi dua bagian: 1) Gaya bahasa dalam dua cerpen, and 2) Unsur melankoli dalam dua cerpen. Bagian pertama menjeaskan sembilan gaya bahasa yang terdapat dalam dua cerpen tersebut, yakni Antitesis, Eufemisme, Hipalase, Hiperbola, Litotes, Metafora, Personifikasi, Polisindeton, dan Simile. Diantara kesembilan gaya bahasa tersebut, Metafora dan Personifikasi paling banyak muncul dalam deskripsi, karena kedua gaya bahasa tersebut mampu membeberkan deskripsi tentang melankoli dalam cerita secara jelas dan gamblang. Bagian kedua berisi analisis unsur melankoli dengan menerapkan konsep Markus Treichler (2008), dimana terdapat dua jenis melankoli, yaitu 1) penderitaan terhadap keadaan dunia, dan 2) penderitaan karena kondisi pribadi. Kata kunci: Stilistika, Melankoli, Gaya Bahasa, Edgar Allan Poe

15 ABSTRACT Erik Ady Prasetyo Melancholy in Edgar Allan Poe s The Oblong Box and The Fall of the House of Usher (Stylistic Approach). Thesis: English Department, Faculty of Cultural Science, Sebelas Maret University. The research aims to examine the melancholy as reflected in Edgar Allan Poe s two short stories entitled The Oblong Box and The Fall of The House of Usher through the figurative language and its significance. The objective of the research are: 1) to describe the style or figurative language in the short stories, and 2) to analyze how Poe utilized the style in order to express melancholy. The research belongs to the descriptive qualitative research. The research uses Stylistic approach and the concept of melancholy by Markus Treichler (2008). The data are collected through the technique of close reading in order to see each word, phrase, and sentence from the short stories. The data are taken from the sentences that utilized figurative language and express melancholy. The result of analysis is divided into two parts: 1) The style in the two short stories, and 2) The melancholy in the two short stories. From the first part, it has found nine figurative language which are used in the two short stories. They are Antithesis, Euphemism, Hypallage, Hyperbole, Litotes, Metaphor, Personification, Poysindeton, and Simile. Among these figurative language, Metaphor and Personification are frequently used in the short story, because they can create a vivid effect to express melancholy. From the second part, there are two stages of melancholy in the short stories based on treichler s concept of melancholy. They are, 1) suffering for the condition of the world, and 2) suffering for the condition of oneself. Keywords: Stylistics, Melancholy, Figurative Language, Edgar Allan Poe