BLDC MOTOR DRIVE SYSTEM USING MODIFIED PULSE WIDTH MODULATION TECHNIQUE USING Z-SOURCE INVERTER CONTROL SCHEME

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1 BDC MOTOR DRIE SYSTEM USING MODIFIED PUSE WIDTH MODUATION TECHNIQUE USING Z-SOURCE INERTER CONTRO SCHEME Dr. S. Sa Prasad, A.B Bhaana Reddy 2, K..Rajee 3 Professor, Dept. of EEE,dya Jyoth Insttute of Tehnology, Hyderabad. 2,3 Asst. Professor, Dept. of EEE,dya Jyoth Insttute of Tehnology. ABSTRACT Modfed pulse wdth modulaton tehnque for Z-soure nerter based BDC motor s proposed and analyzed n ths projet.the Z-soure nerter an be used as Buk/Boost onerter wth lower ost and hgh effeny. BDC motors are used n eletr ehles where portablty and effeny are requred. Ths dre system prodes adantages of both BDC motors and Z-soure nerter, and an be used n fuel ell system and other adjustable speed dre applaton. In ths projet prnple of modfed pulse wdth modulaton tehnque s mplemented and smulated. The model of a three phase Z-soure nerter has been dsussed based on modfed pulse wth modulaton tehnque. The smulaton of Z-soure nerter based BDC motor s done A usng the MATAB/SIMUINK Keywords-Brushless motor(bdc), z-soure nerter, SI, CSI, eletr dre system I. INTRODUCTION The fuel ell, a lean energy soure, prodes muh hgher effeny than the tradtonal nternal ombuston engne (ICE), whh potentally makes the fuel ell eletr dre system the next-generaton traton system [2]. The output oltage of the fuel ell delnes dramatally when the output urrent nreases. The output oltage of the fuel ell at the maxmum power pont s about half of the open load oltage. Fuel ell ehle (FC) traton dres requre hgh oltage at hgh speed and hgh power. Thus to ahee hgh speed and hgh power, the nerter and the motor must be oerszed f only a tradtonal pulse wdth modulaton (PWM) nerter s used as the power onerter. The two major types of dres are known as oltage soure nerter (SI) and urrent soure nerter (CSI) []. In ndustral markets, the SI desgn has proen to be more effent, hae hgher relablty and faster dynam response, and be apable of runnng motors wthout de-ratng. SI fully ntegrated desgn saes money wth hgher effenes, mnmzng nstall tme, elmnatng nteronnet power ablng osts, and redung buldng floor spae. Effenes are 97% wth hgh power fator through all load and speed ranges. Fast dynam response for rapd hanges n motor torque and speed allow a wde range of applatons. 44 P a g e

2 II. MODUATION OF THREE-PHASE-EG Z-SOURCE INERTER The For a three-phase-leg SI, both ontnuous swthng (e.g. entred SM) and dsontnuous swthng (e.g. 6 deg- dsontnuous PWM) are possble wth eah hang ts own unque null plaement at the start and end of a swthng yle T and haraterst harmon spetrum. Ths seton now extends the analyss to dere arous ontnuous and dsontnuous PWM strateges for a three phase leg Z-soure nerter wth eah hang the same haraterst spetrum as ts onentonal ounterpart [2-3]. The ffteen swthng states of a three-phase leg Z-soure nerter. In addton to the sx ate and two null states assoated wth a onentonal SI, the Z- soure nerter has seen shoot-through states representng the short-rutng of a phase-leg (shoot-through states E to E3), two phase-legs (shoot-through states E4 to E6) or all three phase-legs (shoot through state E7).These shoot-through states agan boost the lnk apator oltages and an partally supplement the null states wthn a fxed swthng yle wthout alterng the normalzed olt-se aerage, sne both states smlarly short rut the nerter three-phase output termnals, produng aross the a load. Shoot-through states an therefore be nserted to exstng PWM state patterns of a onentonal SI to dere dfferent modulaton strateges for ontrollng a three phase- leg Z-soure nerter. Fg. Contnuous modulaton of three-phase-leg Z-soure nerter 2. Z-Soure Inerter To oerome the aboe problems of the tradtonal -soure and I-soure nerter, ths projet presents an mpedane-soure (or mpedane-fed) power nerter (abbreated as Z-soure nerter) and ts ontrol method for mplementng -to-a, a-to-, a-to-a, and -to- power onerson [8]. It employs a unque mpedane network (or rut) to ouple the onerter man rut to the power soure, load, or another onerter, for prodng unque features that annot be obsered n the tradtonal -soure and I-soure nerter where a apator and ndutor are used, respetely. 47 P a g e

3 Fg.2 General struture of the Z-soure nerter III. Z SOURCE INERTER BASED BDC MOTOR DRIE SYSTEM Fg.3. shows the man rut of the proposed Z- soure nerter based BDC dre system. a oltage-type Z- soure nerter s utlzed nstead of the tradtonal oltage soure nerter(si) or urrent soure nerter(csi), to feed eletr energy from the soure to the brushless motor to gan the buk/boost ablty, the pulse wdth modulaton[4]. Aordng to the operaton prnple of BDC, two phases are onduted n the non ommutaton stage fg 3.2 shows an equalent ruts when the phase a and b wndngs are onduted wth the urrent flows form phase a wndng to phase b wndng the shoot through states an be generated a showng ether any one arm or both arms n the brdge. The burs lne and arrows nates the path and dreton of the urrents, respetely from fg 3.(a) and 3.(b).It an be seen that only two semondutor dees (IGBT or the ant parallel dode) n dfferent arms of the brdge are onduted n the non shoot through modes (a) (b) () Fg.3 Equalent ruts durng non ommutaton stage a) ate state (b) open state () shoot through. 48 P a g e

4 (PWM) method should be used to ontrol the Z-soure nerter to generate shoot-through states. Unlke the Z- soure nerter based ASD system wth nduton mahnes, the output urrents of the Z-soure nerter n the proposed BDC dre system are omposed of square waeforms of 2 eletral degree. Consequently, the operaton prnple, the modelng method and the ontrol are all dfferent from the Z-soure nerter based ASD system wth nduton mahnes. Fg. 4 Z soure nerter based BDC Motor In the phase ommutaton stage, the swth S s shut off, and the swth S5 s turned on at the same tme. There are three dees onduted n the non-shoot-through modes, as shown n Fg 5. (a) and (b).whle n the shootthrough modes, fe dees may be onduted when the shoot-through ours n one phase arm, as shown n Fg 5.(). And seen dees maybe onduted f the shoot-through ours n two phase arms. It s worth notng that, the shoot-through states should be generated by gatng on the lower swth only when the nerter output s n ate state. For example, n Fg 5(),the swthes S and S6 are trggered to feed the phase a and b wndngs, the swth S4 s used to shorted the arm, and the sketh of gatng sgnals to the wthes S, S6 and S4 an be seen n Fg.5. (a) (b) () Fg.5 Equalent rut durng phase ommutaton stage (a) ate state (b) Open state () shoot through state. 49 P a g e

5 Fg.6 Waeform of the Gate Sgnals Takng the duty rato of S s D and the duty rato of S 2 s D 2 the aerage output oltage of the nerter s D D. Where < D, < D 4 <.5, D D D 4 < D and 2D 4 2D4 4 4 It an be seen that the output oltage an be buked and boosted wthn a wde range. A straght lne s used to ontrol the shoot-through states. When the trangular waeform s lower than the straght lne, the rut turns nto shoot through modes. I. STATE SPACE MODE State-spae models hae been broadly appled to study maroeonom and fnanal problems. For example, they hae been appled to model unobsered trends, to model transton from one eonom struture to another, to foreastng models, to study wage-rate behaors, to estmate expeted naton, and to model tme-aryng monetary reaton funtons [6-7]. 4. Modelng of the Impedane Soure Network Generally, the Z-soure network an operate n sx possble states, n whh three states are desred whle the other three are undesrable. And the undesrable states an be aoded by hoosng approprate alues of the ndutors and apators of the mpedane network. It s supposed that only the three desred states are onsdered n the followng analyss [4]. The desred open state, ate state and shoot-through state are llustrated n Fg 7(a), (b) and (), respetely [5]. Assumng that the Z-soure network s symmetral, that s = 2 =, C = C 2 =C, = 2 = and C = C2 = C2. Fg.7 Equalent rut of Z soure network n (a) Open State (b) ate state () shoot through state 42 P a g e

6 42 P a g e The state arables are hosen as and C the nput arables are and and the output arables are denoted by and. Then from Fg.7(a), the state equatons and output equatons durng the open state an be wrtten as t C d d dt d 2 2 () From Fg.7(b) the state and output equatons durng the ate state are C C dt d dt d 2 2 ( 2) And from Fg.7(), the state equatons and output equatons durng the shoot-through state an be expressed as C dt d dt d (3). SIMUINK The performane of the z-soure nerter for BDC motor dre usng modfed pulse wdth modulaton tehnque has been establshed. Smulaton model has been establshed usng Matlab/Smulnk. The smulaton rut arrangement s shown n fg 8. The deal DC oltage soure of 3 s taken and smulaton studes hae been performed.the man parameters of the smulaton model are lsted below n table I. Table. I Man Smulaton Parameters Desrpton Ratngs Rated oltage of the motor 3 Rated power of the motor 8.5kW Rated speed of the motor 2r/mn Indutors of Z-soure network =2= uh Capators of Z-soure network C=C2=5uF Swthng frequeny khz

7 Form ease of analyss, the dynam response of the fuel ell s gnored and the fuel ell s modeled as an deal oltage soure of 3, whh s lower than the rated oltage of the PMBDCM. The speed and urrent losed loop ontrol s appled to ontrol the PMBDCM, and smulaton studes hae been performed wth and wthout shoot-through mode. 5. Smulnk Model Fg.8 Smulaton model of Z-Soure Inerter modfed PWM Control Based BDC motor 5.2 Subsystem for Modfed Pulse Wdth Modulaton Control Fg.9 Subsystem for Modfed Pulse Wdth Modulaton Control 5.3 Smulaton results usng modfed PWM Tehnque The smulaton was run for 2 seonds. The waeforms of the stator phase urrent, apator oltage, rotor speed, torque, ndutor urrent are obsered. Fg. Stator phase urrent wthout shoot through state 422 P a g e

8 Torque(Nm) Speed(rpm) Indutor Current(Amp) 2 Capator oltage() Tme(se) Tme(se) Tme(se) The fg. shows stator phase urrent waeform wthout shoot through state at load 55Nm. The ampltude of the stator phase urrent annot mantan at the rated alue due to the less nput oltage ompared to the rated oltage of the BDC motor. Fg. Capator oltage wthout shoot through state The fg. shows the apator oltage waeform wthout shoot through state at load 55Nm.Capator s harged to 3 oltage whh s equal to the nput oltage. Fg.2 Rotor speed wthout shoot through state The aboe fg.2shows the rotor speed waeform wthout shoot through state at load 55Nm. Due to the absene of shoot through state the rotor speed redues to rpm whh s less than rated speed that s 2 rpm Tme(se) Fg.3 Torque wthout shoot through state The fg.3 shows the torque waeform wthout shoot through state at load 55Nm. Due to the absene of shoot through state the large torque rpples are formed. Fg.4 Indutor urrent wthout shoot through state The fg.4 shows the ndutor urrent waeform wthout shoot through state at load 55Nm. Fg.5 Stator phase urrent wth shoot through state 423 P a g e

9 The fg.5 shows the stator phase urrent waeform applyng shoot through state wth duty rato d=.2 at tme t=se at load 55Nm.By applyng shoot through state the stator phase urrent mantan rated alue. Fg.6 Capator oltage wth shoot through state The fg.6 shows the apator oltage waeform applyng shoot through state wth duty rato d=.2 at tme t=se at load 55Nm. Wthout shoot through state the apator oltage s 3, wth shoot through state of duty rato d=.2 the apator oltage nreases to 4. Fg.7 Rotor speed wth shoot through state The fg.7 shows the rotor speed waeform applyng shoot through state wth duty rato d=.2 at tme t=se at load 55Nm. Wthout shoot through state the rotor speed s rpm, wth shoot through state of duty rato d=.2 the rotor speed nreases to 2 rpm. Fg.8 Torque wth shoot through state The fg.8 shows the torque waeform applyng shoot through state wth duty rato d=.2 at tme t=se at load 55Nm. By applyng shoot through state the eletro magnet torque rases to rated alue. Fg.9 Indutor urrent wth shoot through state The fg.9 shows the ndutor urrent waeform applyng shoot through state wth duty rato d=.2 at tme t=se at load 55Nm. 424 P a g e

10 I. CONCUSIONS Control sheme of z-soure nerter based BDC Motor dre system usng modfed pulse wdth modulaton has been smulated. The smulaton studes hae been performed wth modfed pulse wdth modulaton tehnque the smulaton waeform of the phase urrents, apator oltage, rotor speed, ndutor urrent, torque are obsered. REFERENCES []. F. Z. Peng, Z-Soure Inerter, IEEE Transatons on Industry Applatons, 39(2), pp.54 5, Marh/Aprl 23. [2]. F. Z. Peng, Hu, Su Gu-Ja, J. S. awler, A new ZS bdretonal - onerter for fuel ell and battery applaton, IEEE Transatons on Power Eletrons, 9(), Jan. 24. [3]. M. Shen, A. Joseph, J. Wang, F. Z. Peng, and D. J. Adams, Comparson of tradtonal nerter and Z- Soure nerter for fuel ell ehles, IEEE WP 24, pp [4]. Adaned PM brushless DC motor ontrol and system for eletr ehles Fang n uo; Hok Guan Yeo; Industry Applatons Conferene, 2. Conferene Reord of the 2 IEEE, ol.2, pp , 2 [5]. G.. Tao, Z. Y. Ma,. B. Zhou, and S. Hu, Modelng and smulaton of permanent magnet brushless DC motor allowng for dampng wndngs, n Pro. IPEMC 24, ol., pp , 24. [6]. F. Z. Peng, Z-Soure Inerter for Motor Dres, n Pro. IEEE Power Eletrons Spealsts Conferene, pp , 24. [7]. P. C. oh, D. M. lathgamuwa, Y. S. a, G. T. Chua and Y. W., Pulse-wdth modulaton of Z- soure nerters, IEEE Trans. Power Eletron., ol. 2, pp , No. 25. [8]. Fang. Z. Peng, Xaomng Yuan, Xupeng Fang, and Zhaomng Qan, Z soure nerter for adjustable speed dres, IEEE Power Eletrons etters, (2), pp , June P a g e

11 AUTHOR DR. S.SIA PRASAD, Professor, EEE has awarded Ph.D Eletral Engneerng n 22(February) from J. N. T. UNIERSITY HYDERABAD and had hs M.Teh wth spealzaton of Power Eletrons n 23.He has obtaned hs B.Teh Degree n Eletral and Eletrons Engneerng from S Unersty. He s hang 9 years of Experene and urrently workng as Professor dya Jyoth Insttute of Tehnology, AzzNagar, Hyderabad, Inda. He reeed Bharat bhushan Samman Puraskar from The Eonom and Human Resoure Deelopment Assoaton n 23 and reeed Young Inestgator Award n 22. He has publshed about 6 tehnal papers n Internatonal and Natonal Journals and Conferenes and fled one patent. He s fe member of ISTE and member of IEEE. Hs Researh areas nlude Power Eletrons & Dres, PSD&FACTS Controllers. 2. A.B BHAANA REDDY presently workng as assstant professor n dya jyoth nsttute of tehnology. Azz nagar gate,c.b.post, Hyderabad, Telengana.Completed B.Teh degree n eletral and eletrons engneerng from Jntuh Hyderabad and then ompleted PG n eletral and eletrons engneerng as spealzaton n Power eletrons from Jntuh Hyderabad. Teahng experene 2years.Researh area nludes, Power eletrons, HDC, FACTS. 426 P a g e