Introduce cascaded first-order op-amp filters. Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
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1 Yıldız Technical University Cascaded FirstOrder Filters Introduce cascaded first-order op-amp filters Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
2 Lesson Objectives Introduce cascaded filters Introduce bandpass filter characteristics Introduce second-order transfer functions 2
3 First-Order LPF and HPF 3
4 Cascaded Filter Input First-Order LPF Output Input First-Order HPF Output 4
5 Cascaded Filter 5
6 Bandpass Filter Characteristics 6
7 Transfer Function Second-Order Filter Standard Form: 7
8 Cascaded Bandpass Filters 8
9 Question Is it possible to form a cascaded band-reject filter? 9
10 Summary Cascaded Filters Bandpass Transfer Functions 10
11 Second-Order Transfer Functions Introduce second-order filter transfer functions
12 Lesson Objectives Introduce second-order filter transfer functions Examine features of transfer functions 12
13 Filter Transfer Function Ratio of output voltage to input voltage as a function of frequency For any frequency, the transfer function is a complex number that indicates how the filter modifies the magnitude and phase of the input to produce the output 13
14 First-Order Low-Pass Filter 14
15 Second-Order Low-Pass Filter 15
16 Effect of Quality Factor (Q) 16
17 High-Pass Filters 17
18 Band-Pass Filters 18
19 Butterworth and Chebyshev Types of transfer functions For second-order filters, the type is determined by the Q value Butterworth (Maximally Flat) Chebyshev 19
20 Chebyshev Filters 20
21 Butterworth Filters 21
22 Fourth-Order Butterworth vs. Chebyshev 22
23 Summary Introduced second-order transfer functions Examined features of transfer functions 23
24 Second-Order Transfer Functions Introduce second-order filter transfer functions Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
25 Lesson Objectives Introduce second-order filter transfer functions Examine features of transfer functions 25
26 Filter Transfer Function Ratio of output voltage to input voltage as a function of frequency For any frequency, the transfer function is a complex number that indicates how the filter modifies the magnitude and phase of the input to produce the output 26
27 First-Order Low-Pass Filter 27
28 Second-Order Low-Pass Filter 28
29 Effect of Quality Factor (Q) 29
30 High-Pass Filters 30
31 Band-Pass Filters 31
32 Butterworth and Chebyshev Types of transfer functions For second-order filters, the type is determined by the Q value Butterworth (Maximally Flat) Chebyshev 32
33 Chebyshev Filters 33
34 Butterworth Filters 34
35 Fourth-Order Butterworth vs. Chebyshev 35
36 Summary Introduced second-order transfer functions Examined features of transfer functions 36
37 Second-Order Filter Circuits Introduce second-order Sallen-Key filter circuits
38 Lesson Objectives Introduce second-order filter circuits Design second-order filters 38
39 Sallen-Key Low-Pass Filter V i V o 39
40 Lowpass Design Equations Special Case 1 (K = 1, Solve for C s) Special Case 2 (K = 1, Solve for R s) Special Case 3 (R s equal and C s equal) Can simplify with R 1 and R 2 are interchangeable 40
41 Sallen-Key Highpass Filter V i V o 41
42 Highpass Design Equations Special Case 1 (K = 1, C 1 = C 2 = C) Special Case 2 (R s equal and C s equal) 42
43 Sallen-Key Bandpass Filter V i V o 43
44 Bandpass Design Equations Special Case (R s equal and C s equal) 44
45 Notch Filters 45
46 Example Design Butterworth 2 nd Order LPF Special Case 1 (K = 1, Solve for C s) Can simplify with 46
47 Example Design 47
48 Summary Introduced second-order filter circuits Designed a second-order lowpass filter 48
49 Filtering Demonstration Dr. İbrahim Beklan Küçükdemiral Department of Control and Automation Engineering Demonstrate filtering of signals
50 Lesson Objectives Examine frequency spectra of signals Demonstrate filtering by a second-order filter circuit 50
51 Spectrum of Sine Wave 51
52 Spectrum of Sum of Two Sine Waves 52
53 Spectrum of Square Wave 53
54 Spectrum of Square Wave 54
55 Relaxation Oscillator 55
56 Measurements 1kHz Square Wave V o Relaxation Oscillator f 0 = 1kHz Q=5 Sallen-Key BPF 56
57 Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) 57
58 Summary Introduced frequency spectra Examined physical circuit filtering performance 58
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