Advanced Power Electronics: ONR- Funded Graduate Curriculum in Electric Energy Systems

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1 Advanced Power Electronics: ONR- Funded Graduate Curriculum in Electric Energy Systems Chip T j Case T c Isolation pad William P. Robbins i D F D f I o Turn-off snubber Heat sink T s University of Minnesota V d - S w D s R s C s i C s February 9, 2013 Ambient Temperature T a Napa, CA

2 Structure of ONR- Funded Graduate Courses List of course learning objechves Textbook Video clips of each lecture Approximately 30 clips each average approximately minutes long CapHons PowerPoint slides Concept quizzes In- class discussion problems Hardware laboratory and lab manual On- line homework problems using Moodle Discussion forum

3 Advanced Power Electronics Topics and Contributors 1. Resonant Converters Ned Mohan (University of Minnesota) 2. Full-bridge DC-DC Converters and Soft-Switching Hariharan Krishnaswami (UT- San Antonio) 3. Dual Active Bridge Amit Jain (Intel) 4. Multi-Level Converters Prasad Enjeti (TAMU) 5. Matrix Converters - Kaushik Basu (University of Minnesota) 6. Front-End Rectifiers Kaushik Basu (University of Minnesota) 7. Power Semiconductor Device Physics Bill Robbins (University of Minnesota) 8. Energy-Efficient Lighting: CFLs, LEDs, IGBTs Eric Persson (IRF) 9. Wide Bandgap Devices Anant Agrawal (CREE) 10. Applications in Automotive Systems Kaushik Rajashekara (UT-Dallas) 11. Photovoltaic Interface Converters Robert Balog (TAMU) 12. Magnetic Design Bill Robbins (University of Minnesota) 13. Thermal Design Bill Robbins (University of Minnesota) 14. EMI and EMC Chris Henze (Analog Power Design Inc.) 15. UMN Research in High-Frequency Power Electronic Transformers, Matrix Converters

4 Dual AcDve Bridge Module Outline OperaHng Principles Converter Design PWM Control, H- Bridge & Half- bridge combinahon, and MulH- Port DAB V Power Flow Between Two AC Buses o 1 = V1 0 VV 1 2 sinφ P = ωl φ > 0 φ < 0 V 2 = V 2 φ MoHvaHon DC DC converter with So[- switching without auxiliary components Bi- direchonal power flow Galvanic isolahon and/or high conversion raho V dc1 ImplementaHon with DAB S i L 1 S S 3 1s S 3s v p L S 2 S 4 N S p : N s 2s S 4s HB1 HB2 v s V dc2

5 SoG Switching Module Ø ZVS turn- on Voltage V DS is brought down to zero before the switch turns on. Ø ZVS turn- on NegaHve current before turn- on discharges C ds and anh- parallel diode carries current before the switch turns on Ø ZVS turn- off Cannot guarantee zero turn- off losses, but C ds limits voltage dv/dt Synchronous Buck ZVS Converter

6 AC/AC Converters Module Back- to- Back Converter Matrix Converter Space vector and carrier based PWM generator of output inverter Vector control of front- end rechfier AlternaHve implementahons harmonic filter Possible switch implementahon and four step commutahon Indirect modulahon: generahon of adjushble magnitude and frequency PWM voltage

7 LEDs: Major New ApplicaDons Area for Power Electronics

8 Semiconductor Power Device Physics and CharacterisDcs Module Outline Semiconductor Physics Review Power Diodes MOSFETS Thyristors and GTOs IGBTs New Materials and Devices Cross- sechon of IGBT Cell Power MOSFETs Example Construction of power MOSFETs Physical operations of MOSFETs Power MOSFET switching Characteristics Factors limiting specfications of MOSFETs COOLMOS or superjunction MOSFETs SiO 2 J 3 J 2 J - Unique feature of IGBT 1 Parasitic thyristor emitter P L s N - P collector gate Buffer layer (not essential) body-source short P (body) N - (drift region) parasitic BJT i D source drain gate conductor P (body) channel length field oxide gate oxide integral diode

9 MagneDcs Design Module Topics Magnetic Circuits Review Cores and Materials Power Dissipation in Windings Eddy Currents Thermal Considerations Inductor Design Procedures Transformer Leakage Inductance Transformer Design Procedures l = mean path length m N 1 i 1 Core: H m l = mean path length m Air gap: H g Cross-sectional area of core = A Cross-sectional area of core = A g Area Product Design Relationships L I I rms = k cu J rms B A w A core i 1 v 1 N v 1 N φ 1 φ 2 i 2 S = V pri I pri = 4.4k cu f A core A w J rms B ac Magnetic flux φ

10 Wide Bandgap Materials and Devices Module Outline Electronic properhes of SiC SiC Schogky diodes SiC MOSFET ApplicaHons of SiC devices Cost savings with SiC devices kv SiC devices SiC MOSFETSs & Diodes in Motor Drives

11 ImplementaDon ConsideraDons Too many topics to cover in a one semester course! Which topics to include and which to leave out? First year graduate course or advanced level graduate course? Textbooks or reference books? What pedagogy to use to teach the course? Accompanying instruchonal laboratory?