RFI SUPPRESSION CHOKES. rod-cored, saturating and current compensated types SCHAFFNER. Your number one name for EMC

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1 R SUPPRSSON OS rod-cored, saturating and current compensated types SNR Your number one name for M

2 R suppression chokes ONTNTS eneral information hoke range... ntroduction to M & key standards... Types of choke and their application... Typical noise-suppression circuits...5 urther publications available... Technical data urrent-compensated chokes R Series...7 RN Series... Rod-cored chokes R Series... Saturating chokes R Series... ddresses and contact details... SNR

3 R suppression chokes M compliance: a comprehensive choke range Schaffner offers an exceptionally broad range of discrete chokes for suppressing radio frequency interference (R), allowing optimized circuitry for M compliance to be designed easily and economically. This catalog details current-compensated, saturating and non-saturating choke types, providing the ideal components to suppress any form or combination of common-mode and differential-mode noise. With around standard products, spanning a broad spread of inductance values and current ratings up to (up to 0 on request), and available in a variety of packaging styles and circuit configurations suitable for single- or three-phase systems, designers can quickly create optimum filtering solutions for almost every application. Rapid choke selector This chart provides an overview of our standard families of chokes, allowing you to quickly identify suitable components for your application, and go directly to the relevant technical data. urther general introductory information on filter design using discrete chokes is provided on the following pages. urrent rating () nductance value (m) hoke family 0. 0 R Series (00) (000) (00) (8000) RN Series R Series (5-) (0) () R Series (0) (00) (00) or common mode noise or differential mode noise Saturating chokes or -phase/-phase+neut. P mounting With flying leads atalog page

4 eneral information on M and filter design using discrete chokes M compliance is now a fundamental element of the electrical/electronics equipment design process, with legislation in urope to make compliance obligatory. This section provides an introduction to interference and noise limits - using the influential uropean standards as an example - with an introduction to the three main forms of choke components and their application. Permissible noise limits The various standards set down limits for conducted M emissions. These limits are measured in voltage and given in dµv where 0d is µv. The interference is measured using a measurement receiver which has defined bandwidths and receivers. The two receivers used are a quasi-peak detector, and an average detector. To ensure repeatability of the measurements, the impedance of the mains supply must be constant. The standards calls for a defined artificial mains network - sometimes called a line impedance stabilization network (LSN) - which gives a defined impedance to the noise and also helps filter any noise on the mains which may affect the measurements. igure shows the limits for N 08-, which is the uropean generic standard for residential, commercial and light industrial environments, and igure shows the limits for N 08-, which is the uropean generic standard for the industrial environment. bove Mz, radiated noise interference is measured as radiated noise instead of conducted noise. This takes place on an open field test site using defined antennas. Level (dµv) 5 0 Quasi-peak 5 verage LT NUSTRL & OMST Level (dµv) Quasi-peak verage NUSTRL 5 requency (Mz) igure. Permissible interference limits for N 08- nterference sources and spectrums The most common sources of conducted M are power electronic products such as switched mode power supplies (SMPS), pulse width modulated (PWM) frequency inverter motor drives and phase angle controllers. The emissions spectrum typically starts off very large at low frequency and rolls off as frequency increases. The point at which the noise falls below the permitted limits depends on several factors, the most important being the frequency of operation and the switching time of the semiconductor devices. nterference spectrums generated can be either continuous, as in the case of phase angle controllers (see igure ), or discrete (see igure ), which is typical of an SMPS. Level Pegel d Level d requenz requency z z igure. ontinuous spectrum nterference propagation M can propagate by two means: by radiation - where the energy can be coupled either through magnetic or electric fields, or as an electro-magnetic wave between the source and victim. by conduction - where the M energy will propagate along power supply and data cables. Radiated and conducted M cannot be thought of as totally separate problems because noise conducted along a cable will, to some extent, be radiated because the cable will act as an antenna. The radiation will increase as the cable length becomes comparable to the wavelength of the noise. lso, the cable will act as a receiving antenna and pick up radiated interference. elow about 00Mz, the most efficient radiators in a system are usually the power supply and data cables. Proper filtering of these cables will reduce radiation due to the cables as well as conducted interference. bove about 00Mz, P tracks and short internal cables will start to become efficient radiators. To reduce this radiation Ps should be laid out to reduce track length and loop areas; ground planes should be used if possible. ecoupling of digital s is very important and shielding may be necessary. nterference types To understand the problems associated with conducted M it is first necessary to understand the two modes of conducted propagation: differential mode (symmetrical mode) and common mode (asymmetrical mode). ifferential mode interference appears as a voltage between the phases of the system and is independent of earth; the differential mode currents flow along one phase and return along another phase (see igure 5). 5 requency (Mz) igure. Permissible interference limits for N 08- requency z igure. iscrete spectrum ommon mode noise appears as a voltage between each phase and earth. The common mode currents flow from the noise source to earth (usually via a

5 parasitic capacitance) along the earth path and return along the phases (igure ). Line VM Neutral arth igure 5. ifferential mode interference (VM) Line Neutral arth VM VM igure. ommon mode interference (VM) Suppressing interference nterference can be reflected towards its source by incorporating an L network in the noise path. This prevents interference energy from leaving a suppressed device and entering the power supply line. n efficient inductor-capacitor combination to protect against line-conducted interference consists of: series inductances in the interference paths x capacitors between phase and neutral y capacitors between phases and earth Three main types of chokes may be used for this purpose: current-compensated - with multiple windings to avoid saturation (loss of effective inductance) of the core material saturating chokes - which are ideal for reducing fast current changes rod-cored chokes - which present a constant inductance even at high currents urrent-compensated chokes (RN & R Series) This type of component consists of a ring core with two or more windings, potted in a plastic housing. t is used to attenuate common-mode or asymmetric (P/N ) interference signals, by being connected in series with the phase and neutral lines of an powerline input. The magnetic fields produced by this winding technique cancel each other out. ull inductance is only presented to interference signals which flow asymmetrically from phase/neutral to earth. Symmetrical components of the noise are also attenuated by the leakage inductance of the windings. The impedance of the choke at powerline frequencies is therefore negligible, resulting in practically zero voltage drop. These chokes are typically used in conjunction with suppression capacitors as follows: in phase-angle control circuits where the desired degree of suppression cannot be achieved by saturating chokes alone for suppressing high interference levels from ultrasonic generators, fast rectifiers, switched mains equipment etc for suppressing equipment with no earth connection for input filters to protect digital circuitry from mains-borne interference Saturating chokes (R Series) Saturating-type chokes change impedance at the moment of switching, and can be used to attenuate differentialmode or symmetrical (P N) interference, as generated by phase angle control devices such as thyristors and triacs. nterference levels can be brought within the limits of national and international regulations by using these chokes in conjunction with appropriate suppression capacitors. or optimum attenuation, chokes must be connected as close as possible to the semiconductor switching device. simple single-stage suppression circuit is shown in igure 7; this can be made into a dual-stage filter by the load itself and one additional capacitor. P N Load T Rod-cored chokes (R Series) n contrast to saturating types, rod-cored chokes present a constant inductance. They are also suitable for attenuating differential-mode or symmetrical (P N) interference, particularly lower frequency interference up to around 0kz. Single and dual rod-cored chokes are ideal for the construction of R suppression filters for the kz frequency region of N 08. Operating current The maximum operating current for components in this catalogue is specified at an ambient temperature of 0 (ig 8). igure 8. Maximum permissible current as a function of ambient temperature ecause Schaffner chokes are manufactured to meet the 8 climate class (M,, and L classes), the maximum internal temperature reached in the choke is in the region of 0 to 5. (Maximum ambient temperature is 0 to 5.) The formula below provides the relationship between ambient temperature and permissible current loading: perm = nom. R igure 7. Saturating choke in series with a thyristor % of nominal current ϑmax. ϑambient ϑmax. 0 Nominal current (0%) at 0 ambient temperature

6 Some typical noise suppression circuit designs The following diagrams illustrate some commonly-used noise suppression circuit designs. pplication engineers are available throughout Schaffner s worldwide network of support centres to help customers choose and design optimal circuits for specific M problems. Single-phase power control. The circuit in igure 9 controls the amount of power delivered to the load. The use of a filter based on a saturating-type choke (from the R Series) - sited as close as possible to the switching element - provides shortduration impedance to suppress the noise precisely at the times of switching. ontroller P x Load R N y y igure 9. pplication of a saturating choke in a single-phase system Three-phase power control. The circuit in igure illustrates the use of a filter based on saturating-type chokes (from the R Series) in a three-phase rectifier with a resistive load. Sited as close as possible to the thyristor switching elements, the chokes provide short-duration impedance to suppress noise precisely at the times of switching. R R L R x R L x R x R L x y Load Suppressing common-mode interference. The circuit in igure illustrates the use of a currentcompensated type choke (from the RN Series) in conjunction with a few discrete components, to provide an economic filter to suppress common-mode interference between the mains and a switchedmode power supply. P N Suppressing differential and commonmode noise. The circuit in igure adds another stage to the previous circuit to combat differential-mode interference. This is achieved by means of a filter based on non-saturating rod-cored chokes from the R Series, which are ideal for removing lower frequency noise such as that generated at typical power supply switching frequencies. P N R R x RN x RN x y x y y y y y Power supply igure. Simple powerline filer to remove common-mode noise, based on a current-compensated choke quipment igure. pplication of saturating chokes in a three-phase system igure. Two-stage powerline filter with differential- and common-mode suppression 5

7 urther publications available SNR Schaffner offers a comprehensive range of power components, and publishes further catalogues on: powerline filters with inlets single-phase filters three-phase filters pulse transformers Numerous application notes are also available to help designers understand and apply these components. Schaffner also offers a comprehensive range of stimulus and measurement instrumentation for M conformance.

8 SNR urrent-compensated chokes R Series These chokes employ current-compensated windings to present a large inductance to common-mode noise signals and handle peak currents without saturating, utilizing toroidal ferrite cores to pack high inductance values into compact housings. The family is ideal for interference suppression in medium-to-high current applications such as uninterruptible and switched-mode power supplies, and stages of inverters. With a choice of over 0 versions, in a range of package styles, designers can quickly create optimal filter solutions for any application. to ratings 0. to 5m inductances up to 00V or 8V to 00z frequencies P-mount or flying-lead versions dual, triple and quad choke configurations hoke selection table hoose the choke R xxxx offering the required current rating and inductance characteristics. The name provides a verification of selection: in R wxyz-??-??, w = diameter of housing in cm; x = housing height ( denoting standard); y = number of lines ( = phase+neut., = -phase, = -phase+neut.), and z = connection type ( = P pins, 7 = wire); -??-?? indicates current and inductance ratings. hoke type Nominal nductance ircuit R current L* symbol 0º m/path path Weight approx. g hoke type Nominal nductance ircuit R current L* symbol 0º m/path path Weight approx. g R 5--9m R 5--m0 R 5--m0 R 5--5m0 R 5--m0 R 5--m0 R 7--5m0 R 7--9m0 R 7--m0 R 7--7m5 R 7--m5 R 7--m5 R 77--5m0 R 77--m0 R 77--5m7 R 77-5-m8 R 77--m0 R 77--m0 R 77--m R 77--m8 R 77-5-m R 77-m Test conditions * Measuring frequency: kz; 0µ > 0.m <.m; µ >.m < 0m; inductance tolerance +%, -% Resistance: tolerance max. ±5% at 5 ; < 00mΩ 0m lectrical characteristics at 5 ± R 77--m0 R 77--m5 R 77--m5 R 77-5m7 R 77-m R 87--m0 R m0 R 87--m0 R 87--m0 R 87-m8 R 87--5m0 R 87-5-m5 R 87--m5 R 87-m R 87-m5 R 87--m0 R 87-5-m R 87-m8 R 87-m R 87-m nvironmental ratings Maximum operating voltage: 00V/8V at 0 igh potential test voltage winding-to-winding at 5 : 0V, minute, guaranteed 0V, z, sec, factory test winding-to-housing at 5 : 000V, minute, guaranteed Surge current at msec: 0 x nominal at 5 Power operating frequency: to 00z at 0 Operating/storage temp: -5º to + limatic class per 8: 5// lammability: UL9V0 (insulating tubes UL9V) 7

9 Typical attenuation/resonance frequency characteristics R 5 /5... R 7 /7... R 77 R 77 R 77 R 87 R 87 R 87 Typical saturation characteristics nductance (typical value in %) vs. nominal current ( ) R 5 and 5 R 7 and 7 R 77, 77, 77 nd. nd. nd. R 87, 87, 87 nd. x n x n x n xn 8

10 Mechanical data hoke R 5 R 5 R 7 R 7 R 77 R 77 R 77 R 87 R 87 R ± 0. Sizes vary according to ratings - see separate table below 5 0º imensions in mm; inch = 5.mm Tol.* mm ± ± ± ± ±0. ± * Measurements share this common tolerance unless otherwise stated + OTTOM 5 R 5 R 5 R 7, 77, 87 S OTTOM S R 7, 77, 87 R 77, 87 Pin diameter/section sizes (dimension ) hoke hoke R 5--9m R 77--m0 --m0. --m0. R 5--5m0 --m0. --m0. R 7--5m0 --9m0.5 --m0.8 --m5. --m5.8-5m7. -m.5 R 87--m0-5-5m0. --m0.5 x.5 --m0.7 x 5 -m8.5 x 5 R 7--7m5 R 87--5m0 --m5.5 --m5.8 R 77--m0 --m.5 --m8.8-5-m.5 -m5.7-5-m5. --m5.5 x.5 -m.7 x 5 -m5.5 x 5 R 77--5m0 --m0. --5m7.8 R 87--m0-5-m8. --m0.7-5-m. -m8.5 x.5 -m.7 x 5 -m.5 x 5 9

11 SNR urrent-compensated chokes RN Series These chokes employ current-compensated windings to present a large inductance to common-mode noise signals and handle peak currents without saturating, utilizing toroidal ferrite cores to pack high inductance values into compact form-factors. The dual-configuration component family offers an ideal basis for building multi-stage interference suppression circuits for low-to-medium current applications such as uninterruptible and switched-mode power supplies, regulators, - converters, and frequency inverters. With a choice of 8 versions, in eleven different packages, designers can quickly create optimized filtering solutions for any particular requirement. 0. to ratings 0.7 to 0m inductances (dual choke configurations) 0kz-Mz common-mode resonance frequencies different P-mount housing sizes V (RN ///5 pending) hoke selection table hoose the choke RN?xx offering the required current rating and inductance characteristics.? determines package style: insert for a lower profile, for a taller component with a smaller footprint. xample: RN -/0 is a lower profile choke. hoke type? ( = = ) Nominal 0º nductance L* m/path ircuit symbol R mω/ path Weight approx.g hoke type? ( = = ) Nominal 0º nductance L* m/path ircuit symbol R mω/ path Weight approx.g RN?0./0 RN?0./0 RN?0-/0 RN?0-.5/0 RN?0-/0 RN?./0 RN?.5/0 RN?./0 RN?.8/0 RN?-./0 RN?-.5/0 RN?-/0 RN?-/0 RN?./0 RN?.5/0 RN?.8/0 RN?-/0 RN?-./0 RN?-.5/0 RN?-/0 RN?-.5/0 RN?-/0 RN?-/ / / / / / 5/ 5/ 5/ 5/ 5/ 5/ 5/ 5/ 9/ 9/ 9/ 9/ 9/ 9/ 9/ 9/ 9/ 9/ nvironmental ratings Maximum operating voltage: V at 0 igh potential test voltage winding-to-winding at 5 : 0V, minute, guaranteed 0V, z, sec, factory test winding-to-housing at 5 : 000V, minute, guaranteed Surge current at msec: 0 x nominal at 5 Power operating frequency: to kz at 0 Operating temperature: º to +5 Storage temperature: º to +5 limatic class per 8: 0/5/5 lammability: UL9V0 RN?./0 RN?.8/0 RN?-/0 RN?-.5/0 RN?-/0 RN?-.5/0 RN?-/0 RN?-/0 RN?.5/0 RN?-/0 RN?-./0 RN?-/0 RN?-/0 RN?-/0 RN.5/0 RN -/0 RN -/0 RN -/0 RN -/0 RN 5-/0 RN 5-/0 RN 5-/0 RN 5-/0 RN 5-8/0 RN 5-/ Test conditions * Measuring frequency: kz; 5m < µ; 0µ > µ < 0µ; µ > 0µ < m; mv > m < 0m; inductance tolerance +%, -% Resistance: tolerance max. ±5% at 5 ; 0mΩ ; > 0mΩ 00mΩ 0m; > 00mΩ Ω m lectrical characteristics at 5º ±º 7/ 7/ 7/ 7/ 7/ 7/ 7/ 7/

12 Typical attenuation/resonance frequency characteristics RN?0 RN? RN? RN? RN? RN RN 5 d mp 0 0 d mp 0 0 d mp 0 0 mp mp mp k 0k M M k 0k M M k 0k M M Typical saturation characteristics nductance (typical value in %) vs. nominal current ( ) RN?0/?/?/? RN?//5 nd % RN?0 RN? RN? RN? n x n nd % RN?/ RN 5 n x n Mechanical data hoke RN RN RN RN RN 0 RN RN RN RN RN RN 5 RN ± 0. imensions in mm; inch = 5.mm Tol.* mm ± 0. ± 0. ± 0. ± 0. ± 0. ± ± 0. * Measurements share this common tolerance unless otherwise stated OTTOM S RN RN,,,, RN 0 RN,,, RN 5

13 SNR Rod-cored chokes R Series These chokes present a constant inductance, and are ideal for attenuating differential-mode or symmetrical interference problems, particularly at lower frequencies up to around 0kz. They are suitable for replacing saturating or current-compensated chokes in higher power three-phase systems handling currents in 0+ range. 0. to ratings (higher currents on request) 0.m to 9m inductances fast-on or P-mount versions V (R 0/R ) hoke selection table hoke type Nominal nductance ircuit R current L* 0º m mω Weight approx. g hoke type Nominal nductance ircuit R current L* 0º m mω Weight approx. g R 5- R - R 7-5 R 7-75 R 8-75 R 8- R - R 0./0 R /0 R 0-/0 R 0-/0 R 0./07 R /07 R 0-/07 R 0-/07 R 0-/ (). (.) 8 () 0. (0.0) 0. (0.) 0. (0.08) 0.8 (0.) 9 (90) 8.5 (8). (.). (0.8) 9 (90) 8.5 (8). (.). (0.8) 0. (0.08) Test conditions * Measuring frequency: kz; 0µ > 0.m <.m; µ >.m < 0m; inductance tolerance +%, -% (values in brackets according to V 055-) Resistance: tolerance max. ±5% at 5 ; < 00mΩ 0m; > 00mΩ Ω m; > Ω 0Ω m lectrical characteristics at 5º ± º R.5/0 R -/0 R -/0 R -/0 R -/0 R -/0 R.5/ R -/ R -/ R -/ R -/ R -/ (7). (.5).8 (.) 0.9 (0.8) 0.9 (0.) (0.) (7). (.5).8 (.) 0.9 (0.8) 0.9 (0.) (0.) nvironmental ratings Maximum operating voltage: 80/0V at 0 igh potential test voltage R 0 / R winding-to-rod core at 5 : R 5 - R winding-to-inserts at 5 : V, minute, guaranteed 0V, z, sec, factory test 00V, minute, guaranteed 00V, z, sec, factory test Surge current at msec: 0 x nominal at 5 Power operating frequency: to kz at 0 Operating/storage temp: R 0 / R to + R 5 - R -5 to + limatic class per 8: R 0 / R 0// R 5 - R 5// Typical attenuation/resonance frequency characteristics R 5//7 R 8/ R 0 R

14 Mechanical data hoke R 5 R R 7 R 8 R 75 ± imensions in mm; inch = 5.mm S ± ± ± 5 ± ± ± ± 5 0 M 9 5 ± ± M8 5 Tol.* mm +0. ± 0. ± 0. ± ± ± ± 0. - ± * Measurements share this common tolerance unless otherwise stated R 5 R, 7 R 8 R OTTOM hoke L R 0 R 0 R 0 R 0 R 0 R 0 R R -xx/0./07.5/07 -/07 -/07 -/07 -xx/0 -xx/ ± ± imensions in mm; inch = 5.mm S * Measurements share this common tolerance unless otherwise stated Tol.* mm ± 0. ± 0. ± 0. ± ± 0. ± ± 0. ± 0. ± 0. ± 0. R 0-xx/0 R 0-xx/07 R -xx/0 R -xx/ OTTOM L L RLLNS OR P MOUNTN R 0-xx/0.5. R -xx/0

15 SNR Saturating chokes R Series The inductance of saturating-type chokes reduces as load current increases, and is ideal for attenuating the differential-mode or symmetrical interference generated by fast-switching thyristors, triacs, transistors and phase angle control devices. nductance values are not shown because the leakage inductance is relatively high. 0.8 to 5 ratings single or dual choke configurations flying lead or P-mount versions hoke selection table hoose the choke R xxx offering the required current rating and component configuration. Types with the letters P in the name have pins for P mounting; others have flying lead wire connections. hoke type Nominal ircuit R current 0º mω/path Weight approx. g hoke type Nominal ircuit R current 0º mω Weight approx. g R 9 P R P R P R R 07 P R 09 P R 9 P R P R P R P R P R P R 0 P R 0 P R 0 P R P R R 5 R nvironmental ratings Maximum operating voltage: 0V at 0 igh potential test voltage winding-to-winding at 5 and/or winding-to-inserts: 0V, minute, guaranteed 0V, z, sec, factory test Surge current at msec: 0 x nominal at 5 Power operating frequency: to kz at 0 Operating temperature: -5 to + Storage temperature: -5 to + limatic class per 8: 5// lammability: UL9V0 Typical saturation characteristics nductance (typical value in %) vs. nominal current in % R series typical nd. Test conditions Resistance: tolerance max. ±5% at 5 ; < 00mΩ 0m; > 00mΩ Ω m lectrical characteristics at 5º ± º % Nominal current

16 Mechanical data P Mounting hoke J R 9 R R / R M x 0.88 ~.5 ~5.5 imensions in mm; inch = 5.mm 9 5 M 0/0 0.5/. ~5 R 07/ R / x 0.88 ~.5 R 09 R R R 9/ R ~5.5 5 ~ 7 M R / R 0 R R Tol.* mm ± 0. ± 0. ± 0. ± ± ± / x x. ± ~5 ~/~ ~/~.5 ~ - * Measurements share this common tolerance unless otherwise stated S J J R 9,, R 07, 09, 9,, 0, 0, 0 R, R,, OTTOM lying lead types hoke J M5 ~ imensions in mm; inch = 5.mm R R R 5 R M Tol.* mm ± ±0. ± ± +0.5 ± * Measurements share this common tolerance unless otherwise stated S J J J R R R 5, 5 OTTOM 5

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18 SNR Schaffner MV -5 Luterbach, Switzerland Tel: + 8 ax: ROS/ugust Schaffner MV. Specifications subject to change without notice. ll trademarks recognised. ertified SO 900 supplier Schaffner is an SO-registered company. ts products are designed and manufactured under the strict quality requirements of the SO 900 standard. This document has been carefully checked. owever, Schaffner does not assume any liability for errors or inaccuracies.