Contents. 1 Introduction. 2 System-Level Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) and Electrical Fast Transient. 3 Electromagnetic Interference

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1 Issue 3, October 2002 Electromagnetic Compatibility and Electrical Safety Contents Telcordia GR Documentation Information Generic Requirements Notice Of Disclaimer iii Contents v List of Figures xiii List of Tables xv Preface xvii 1 Introduction 1.1 Purpose and Scope Items Not Covered Requirements Terminology Requirement Labeling Conventions Numbering of Requirement and Related Objects Requirement, Conditional Requirement, and Objective Identification Organization Reasons for Reissue Application of This Document Number of Samples to be Tested Relation to Other Telcordia Documents System-Level Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) and Electrical Fast Transient (EFT) 2.1 System-Level Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) Overview ESD Immunity Criteria Immunity Criteria Normal Operation Immunity Criteria Installation and Repair ESD Warning Label Requirements Equipment-Specific Requirements Service-Affecting Responses and Manual Interventions ESD Test Methods and Procedures Test Methods Normal Operation Test Methods Installation and Repair Selection of Test Points EUT Operating Conditions ESD Test Site Electrical Fast Transient (EFT) EFT Test Methods and Procedures Electromagnetic Interference 3.1 General v

2 Electromagnetic Compatibility and Electrical Safety Issue 3, October Overview Intent of EMI Criteria FCC Part 15 Criteria FCC Part 68 and ACTA Technical Criteria Emission Criteria Radiated Emission Criteria Electric Fields Radiated Emission Criteria Magnetic Fields Radiated Emission Requirement Conducted Emission Criteria for Power Ports Conducted Emission Requirements for AC Power Ports Voltage Conducted Emission Requirements for AC and DC Power Ports Current Conducted Emission Criteria for Power Ports - Voltage Conducted Emission Criteria for Telecommunications Ports Conducted Emission Requirements for Signal Leads Current Conducted Emission Requirements for Analog Voiceband Leads Conducted Emission Objectives for Broadband Leads Immunity Criteria Radiated Immunity Criteria Electric Fields Radiated Immunity Criteria with Doors and Covers Closed Electric Fields Radiated Immunity Criteria with Doors and Covers Open Conducted Immunity Criteria for AC and DC Power Ports Conducted Immunity Criteria for Telecommunications Ports Conducted Immunity Requirement for Signal Leads Conducted Immunity Requirement for Broadband and Voiceband Leads Measurement Procedures Associated with Emissions Scope Related Standards Measuring Instrumentation General Analog Voiceband Emissions Measurement Instrumentation Broadband Emissions Measurement Instrumentation Measuring Instrument Calibration Detector Function Selection and Bandwidth Antennas General Test Conditions Emission Measurement Uncertainty Testing at an Open-Area Test Site (OATS) Testing at User's Installation (On-Premises Testing) Testing in a Shielded Enclosure Subsystem Emission Limits Allocation Units of Measurement Data Reporting Format Test Conditions for EUT vi

3 Issue 3, October 2002 Electromagnetic Compatibility and Electrical Safety Test Environment Arrangements of EUT Conducted Emissions Measurements Grounding Measurement Procedures Radiated Emission Measurements Determination of Test Radial Radiated Radio Noise Tests Retesting with System Evolution and Growth System Evolution System Growth Measurement Procedures Associated with Immunity Scope Measuring Instrumentation Receivers Current Probes Antennas Signal Sources Test Conditions for EUT Non-switching Systems Bit Error Rate Synchronization Voiceband Noise Data Reporting Format Radiated Immunity Measurements Shielded Enclosures Subsystem Testing Measurement Procedures Conducted Immunity Measurements Calibration of Test Signal AC and DC Leads (Common-Mode Injection) Telecommunications Ports - Broadband, Signal and Voiceband Leads (Common-Mode Injection) Lightning and AC Power Fault 4.1 Overview Electrical Protection on Paired-Conductor Systems Voltage-Limiting Protectors Current-Limiting Protectors Fuse Links Lightning on Paired-Conductor Cables Longitudinal Surges Metallic Surges AC Power Fault on Paired-Conductor Cables Power Contact to Telecommunications Outside Plant Fault Induction from Electric Power Lines vii

4 Electromagnetic Compatibility and Electrical Safety Issue 3, October Lightning and AC Power Fault Criteria Characterization of Test Generators Criteria for Equipment Interfacing with Telecommunications Ports Testing of Telecommunications Ports Voltage-Limiting Protection for Central Office Switching Systems Number of Samples to be Tested Fire Hazard Indicator for Second-Level Criteria Short-Circuit Tests (Telecommunications Port) Lightning Surge and AC Power Fault Test Connections (Telecommunications Port) First-Level Lightning Surge Tests (Telecommunications Port) Protection Coordination Second-Level Lightning Surge Tests (Telecommunications Port) Intra-Building Lightning Surge Tests (Telecommunications Port) First-Level AC Power Fault Tests (Telecommunications Port) Current-Limiting Protector Tests for Non-Customer-Premises Equipment (Telecommunications Port) Test Procedure Second-Level AC Power Fault Tests for Non-Customer-Premises Equipment (Telecommunications Port) Second-Level AC Power Fault Tests for Series-Type Non-Customer- Premises Equipment (Telecommunications Port) Fusing Coordination Tests for Network Equipment to be Located on Customer Premises (Telecommunications Port) Test Procedure Second-Level AC Power Fault Tests for Network Equipment to be Located on Customer Premises (Telecommunications Port) Test Procedure Second-Level AC Power Fault Tests for Series-Type Network Equipment to be Located on Customer Premises (Telecommunications Port) Second-Level Intra-Building AC Power Fault Tests for Network Equipment to be Located on Customer Premises (Telecommunications Port) Lightning Criteria for Equipment Interfacing with AC Power Port Criteria for Equipment Interfacing with Coaxial Cable Ports Number of Samples to be Tested Short-Circuit Tests Broadband Communications Equipment Intended for Use Without External Protectors First-Level Lightning and Power Fault Tests Second-Level Lightning and Power Fault Tests Broadband Communications Equipment Intended for Use with an External Protector First-Level Lightning and Power Fault Tests Second-Level Lightning and Power Fault Tests Additional Criteria for Equipment Intended for the Outside Plant viii

5 Issue 3, October 2002 Electromagnetic Compatibility and Electrical Safety 5 Steady-State Power Induction 5.1 Overview Longitudinal Induction Criteria for Long (> 20 kft) Loops Longitudinal Induction Test Circuit for Long (> 20 kft) Loops Calibration Procedure Test Procedures Test Procedure for a CO Switching System Line Circuit Performance Criteria Noise Performance for Voiceband Circuits Longitudinal Induction Criteria for Short (< 20 kft) Loops Longitudinal Induction Test Circuit for Short (< 20 kft) Loops Calibration Procedure Test Procedures Test Procedure for ISDN Technology Test Procedure for DSL Technologies Test Procedure for RT Line Circuits of a DLC System Performance Criteria Noise Performance for Voiceband Circuits Longitudinal Induction Criteria for Analog Trunks Longitudinal Induction Test Circuit for Trunks Calibration Procedure Test Procedure Test Procedure for Analog Trunk Circuits Test Procedure for DLC System Interfaces between RT and COT Performance Criteria Noise Performance for Voiceband Circuits Longitudinal Induction Criteria for Coaxial Cables Longitudinal Induction Test Circuit for Coaxial Cables Test Procedure Performance Criteria DC Potential Difference 7 Electrical Safety Criteria 7.1 Overview Listing Requirements Classification of Voltages Continuous Voltage and Current Limits Class A1 Voltage Limits Class A2 Voltage Limits Class A3 Voltage Limits Class AB Voltage Limits Class B Voltage Limits Class C Voltage Limits Continuous Source Requirements Class A1 Voltage Accessibility Requirements ix

6 Electromagnetic Compatibility and Electrical Safety Issue 3, October Class A2 Voltage Accessibility Requirements Class A3 Voltage Accessibility Requirements Class AB Voltage Accessibility Requirements Class B Voltage Accessibility Requirements Class C Voltage Accessibility Requirements Duration-Limited Source Requirements Interrupted/Tripped Sources Ring-Trip Test Procedure Transient Sources Power Limitation Requirement Leakage Currents from Exposed Surfaces General Considerations Leakage Current Requirements Leakage Current Requirements for Large Area Contact Leakage Current Requirements for Small Area Contact Leakage Current Between Surfaces of Equipment Corrosion 8.1 Polarity of DC Voltages Applied to Outside Plant Cabling Magnitude of DC Voltages Applied to Outside Plant Cabling Bonding and Grounding 9.1 Scope General Requirements Equipment Grounding Systems The Common Bonding Network (CBN) Isolated Bonding Network (IBN) AC Equipment Grounding Communication Equipment Grounding Network Telecommunication Facilities Locations Where the NEC Applies Outside Plant Unit Bonding and Grounding Provisions for Unit Assembly Bonding and Grounding Connectors and Connection Methods for Equipment Assemblies Bonding of Circuit Packs DC Power System Grounding Centralized Power Sources Embedded Power Sources Bonding of DC-Return Input Terminals Bonding and Grounding Conductor and Connection Requirements Bonding and Grounding Conductors Connections Connectors Short-Circuit Tests DC Power Sources x

7 Issue 3, October 2002 Electromagnetic Compatibility and Electrical Safety AC Power Sources Other Grounding Considerations Compatibility of Former IBN Equipment with CBN Currents Test Conditions for EUT Conditioning of the EUT Interfacing Units and Simulators DC Power Leads Bonding Conductors Shelf-Mounted EUT The Reference Plane Test Environment Identification of Test Points DC Fault Test AC Fault Test Frame EFT Test Laboratory Arrangement of the EUT In-Situ Arrangement of the EUT Frame Surge Test Laboratory Arrangement of the EUT In-Situ Arrangement of the EUT Service-Affecting Responses and Manual Interventions Appendix A: Definition of Double-Exponential Impulse Waveform Appendix B: Application Guidelines B.1 Application Guidelines for Equipment Ports B-1 Appendix C: References Appendix D: Acronyms xi

8 Electromagnetic Compatibility and Electrical Safety Issue 3, October 2002 xii

9 Issue 3, October 2002 Electromagnetic Compatibility and Electrical Safety List of Figures Figure 3-1 R3-1 Requirement and O3-2 Objective Limits for Class-A Electric Field Emissions at 3-Meter and 10-Meter Distances Figure 3-2 R3-3 Requirement Limits for Electric Field Emissions at 3-Meter and 10- Meter Distances Figure 3-3 Requirement Limits for Conducted Emissions on AC and DC Power Ports and Signal Leads Figure 3-4 Analog Voiceband Leads Conducted Emission Limits (Metallic) Figure 3-5 Analog Voiceband Leads Conducted Emission Limits (Longitudinal) Figure 3-6 Radiated (Electric Field) Immunity Requirement (Field Calibration Figure 3-7 Termination Networks for Conducted Measurements of Analog Voiceband Leads (Metallic and Longitudinal) Figure 3-8 Balun Termination (Metallic and Longitudinal), 12 khz to 6 MHz Figure 3-9 Test Setup for Conducted Emission Tests on AC and DC Power Ports (Current) Figure 3-10 Test Setup for Conducted Emission Tests on Signal Leads Figure 3-11 Test Configuration for Measuring Conducted Emissions from Analog Voiceband Leads Figure 3-12 Synchronization Test Configuration Figure 3-13 Cable Arrangement for EUTs with Overhead Cables Figure 3-14 Injection Probe Calibration Setup Figure 3-15 Figure 3-16 Test Setup for Conducted Immunity Tests on AC and DC Power Ports Test Setup for Conducted Immunity Tests for Telecommunications Ports (Broadband, Signal and Voiceband Leads) Figure 4-1 Typical Lightning or AC Power Test Generator Figure 4-2 Application of Lightning and AC Power Fault Test Voltages Figure 4-3 Test Arrangement for Determining Protection Coordination Figure 4-4 High-Impedance Inductive Source Test Circuit Figure 4-5 Figure 4-6 Figure 4-7 Time-Current Characteristic of External Current Limiter Indicator/ Wiring Simulator Second-Level AC Power Fault Test Arrangement Using External Current Limiter Indicator/Wiring Simulator Second-Level AC Power Fault Pair-to-Pair Test Arrangement for 4-Wire Interfaces Using External Current Limiter Indicator/Wiring Simulator Figure 5-1 Longitudinal Induction Test Circuit for Long (> 20 kft) Loops Figure 5-2 Line Circuit Test Arrangement Figure 5-3 Longitudinal Induction Test Circuit for Short (< 20 kft) Loops Figure 5-4 Example of Test Circuit Used for Testing ISDN for Longitudinal Induction Immunity Criteria Figure 5-5 Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) Test Arrangement xiii

10 Electromagnetic Compatibility and Electrical Safety Issue 3, October 2002 Figure 5-6 Digital Loop Carrier (DLC) System, Between Remote Terminal (RT) and Customer End, Test Arrangement Figure 5-7 Longitudinal Induction Test Circuit for Trunk Circuits Figure 5-8 Analog Trunk Circuit Test Arrangement Figure 5-9 DLC System, Between RT and COT, Test Arrangement Figure 5-10 Longitudinal Induction Test Circuit for Cables Figure 5-11 Test Arrangement for Equipment Intended for Coaxial Cables Figure 7-1 Class A1 Voltage Limits (Sheet 1 of 2) Figure 7-2 Class A2 Voltage Limits (Sheet 1 of 2) Figure 7-3 Class A3 Voltage Limits (Sheet 1 of 2) Figure 7-4 Test Finger Figure 7-5 Accessibility Probe Figure 7-6 Interrupted/Tripped Criterion Defining the Duration for Which a Current Figure 9-1 of a Given Magnitude is Allowed to Persist Example of Two Options for Grounding an Output of Embedded DC Power Source Figure 9-2 Configuration of the DC Fault Test Figure 9-3 Laboratory Configuration of the EUT for the AC Fault Test Figure 9-4 In-Situ Configuration of the EUT for the AC Fault Test Figure 9-5 Configuration of the Proposed EFT Frame Test Figure 9-6 An Alternative Configuration for the EFT Test Figure 9-7 Laboratory Configuration for the Frame Surge Test Figure 9-8 In-Situ Configuration for the Frame Surge Test Figure A-1 Impulse Waveform A-1 xiv

11 Issue 3, October 2002 Electromagnetic Compatibility and Electrical Safety List of Tables Table 3-1 Radiated Emission Requirement and Objective for Electric Fields. 3-5 Table 3-2 Radiated Emission Requirement for Electric Fields (Doors and Covers Open) Table 3-3 Conducted Emission Requirements for AC Power Ports Voltage Table 3-4 Conducted Emission Requirements for AC and DC Power and Signal Ports Current Table 3-5 Conducted Emission Limits for AC and DC Power Ports for Class A Equipment Table 3-6 Emission Limits for AC and DC Power Ports for Class B Equipment Table 3-7 Metallic Voltage Limit on Analog Voiceband Leads Table 3-8 Longitudinal Voltage Limit on Analog Voiceband Leads Table 3-9 Longitudinal RMS Voltage and Current Limits on Broadband Leads Table 3-10 Longitudinal Peak Voltage and Current Limits on Broadband Leads Table 3-11 Immunity Requirements for Radiated Electric Fields (Field Calibration) 3-18 Table 3-12 Conducted Immunity Requirements for Power Ports and Signal Leads Table 3-13 Conducted Immunity Conditional Objectives for Power Ports Table 3-14 Conducted Immunity Objectives for Broadband and Voiceband Leads Table 3-15 Instrumentation Bandwidths Table to 10 GHz Immunity Scan Rate and Step Size Table 3-17 Frequencies of Key Interest Table 4-1 Test Connections of Telecommunications Port Table 4-2 First-Level Lightning Surge (Telecommunications Port) Table 4-3 Protection Coordination Lightning Surge (Telecommunications Port) Table 4-4 Second-Level Lightning Surge (Telecommunications Port) Table 4-5 Intra-Building Lightning Surge (Telecommunications Port) Table 4-6 First-Level AC Power Fault (Telecommunications Port) Table 4-7 Second-Level AC Power Fault (Telecommunications Port) Table 4-8 Second-Level AC Power Fault (Telecommunications Port) Table 4-9 First-Level Lightning Surge (AC Power Port) Table 4-10 Second-Level Lightning Surge (AC Power Port) Table 4-11 Table 4-12 Table 4-13 First-Level Lightning Surge Test for Equipment Intended for Use Without External Protector First-Level AC Power Fault Test for Equipment Intended for Use Without External Protector Second-Level Lightning Surge Test for Equipment Intended for Use Without External Protector xv

12 Electromagnetic Compatibility and Electrical Safety Issue 3, October 2002 Table 4-14 Second-Level AC Power Fault Test for Equipment Intended for Use Without External Protector Table 4-15 First-Level Lightning Surge Test for Equipment Intended for Use with an External Protector Table 4-16 First-Level AC Power Fault Test for Equipment Intended for Use with an External Protector Table 4-17 Second-Level Lightning Surge Test for Equipment Intended for Use with an External Protector Table 4-18 Second-Level AC Power Fault Test for Equipment Intended for Use with an External Protector Table 5-1 Longitudinal Induction Test Circuit Criteria for Long (> 20 kft) Loops Table 5-2 Longitudinal Induction Test Circuit Criteria for Short (< 20 kft) Loops Table 5-3 Longitudinal Induction Test Circuit Criteria for Trunks Table 5-4 Longitudinal Induction Test Circuit Criteria for Coaxial Cables Table 7-1 Accessibility to Continuous Class-A Voltages Table 9-1 Test Fuse Selection Table A-1 Waveform Tolerances A-2 Table B-1 Application Chart for Equipment Ports B-2 xvi