Programmable Logic Controller (PLC):-

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1 PLC BASED ELEVATOR SUBMITTED BY: - A M A R E N D R A S I ( E E R ) D E B A S I S B I S W A L ( E E R ) L A G A N A J I T N A Y A K ( E E R ) M I T H U N N A N D I ( E E R ) N I T E S H K U. P A R I D A ( E E R ) R A N J I T P A T I ( E E R ) S H U B H A M B E H E R A ( E E R )

2 INTRODUCTION:- Due to the cause of rapid population growth at the cities and multi-stored buildings, the need of elevators is being increased. With the rising life standards and attention to human and with the technologic developments, elevator systems are getting better, more fast, stronger and better quality elevators are produced. Previously, most systems were focused on the mounting of elevators, especially after the 1980s the need for elevator maintenance and fault staff have been started to increase. For instance, automatic doors have being used instead of splash doors, microprocessor electronic cards have being used instead of cards with relay, double-speed or speed-controlled elevators have being used instead of onespeed elevators. Such developments provide to improve the quality in elevator systems, develop and diverse the used setting and maintenance or repair tools and Instruments and therefore facilitation of the work compared to previous years and increase the reliability of elevator.

3 Programmable Logic Controller (PLC):- The versatile controllers provide powerful programming features such as builtin high speed counter functionality, support for floating-point function blocks and subroutines, ability to assign passwords and privilege levels to control access, and override capability. The VersaMax PLC family of products includes a broad range of small-size programmable logic controllers (PLCs) with big-plc features. The VersaMax family includes Nano PLCs (10 points), Micro PLCs (up to 176 I/O points), and Micro PLUS PLCs (up to 320 I/O points) using optional Expansion Units.

4 How PLC works:- There are four basic steps in the operation of all PLCs :which continually take place in a repeating loop: Input Scan, Program Scan, Output Scan and Housekeeping.

5 Cont Input Scan: Detects the state of all input devices that are connected to the PLC Program Scan: Executes the user created program logic. Output Scan: Energizes or de-energize all output devices that are connected to the PLC. Housekeeping: This step includes communications with programming terminals, internal diagnostics etc.

6 PLC Programming Language:- Normally Closed Contact / Normally Open Coil ( ) Normally Open Contact Vertical Link vert Horizontal Link horz Continuation Coil <+> Continuation Contact <+>

7 SIDE SHAFT DC MOTOR 30 RPM Side Shaft Super Heavy Duty DC Gear Motor is suitable for bigger robots / small automation systems. It has sturdy construction with large gears. Gear box is built to handle the stall torque produced by the motor. Drive shaft is supported from both sides with metal bushes. Motor runs smoothly from 4V to 12V and gives 30 RPM at 12V. Motor has 8mm diameter, 19mm length drive shaft with D shape for excellent coupling

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9 CONSTRUCTION OF ELEVATOR:- Hardware Design: This chapter discuss about the design of an elevator by the calculation of certain parameters which defines the operation of the elevator. To validate and to implement the simulated model as a prototype certain calculations have been carried out to determine some critical parameters. The parameters includes the size of the cabin, maximum number of persons can be accommodated into the elevator, type of motor used,motors power rating and torque rating. Electromagnetic actuator and contact action were so slow, mechanical and electromagnetic components have large inertia

10 Design of Elevator Cabin:- The elevator cabin I is designed by having in mind the number of passengers it is going to accommodate. Also it should have the capacity to bear the weight of the passengers travelling in the elevator. But there, it is just a demonstration. So, neglect the amount weight to be carried out by cabin. The weight of the elevator cabin constructed is 2.5Kg.

11 Conclusion:- After designing and running the elevator we came to a conclusion that the designed system is more reliable, faster in operation, accident free than traditional elevator system. The traditionally used relays and IC boards have been replaced by PLC for easy and cheap controlling of machines used in the elevator. Also by the use of PLC we can integrate monitoring software.

12 References:- Websites: Books: 1.PLC User manual by VI Microsystems pvt. Ltd 2. Electrical machines by V.K. Mehta