Advanced Parabolic Concentrator for Grid Competitiveness

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "Advanced Parabolic Concentrator for Grid Competitiveness"

Ashlyn Robinson
5 years ago
Views:

1 Advanced Parabolic Concentrator for Grid Competitiveness May 2012 Supported under DOE Contract DE-EE David White Chief engineering Officer, SkyFuel

2 LCOE [Real] (cents/kwhr-e) LCOE [Real] (cents/kwhr-e) Objectives and Conclusions LCOE of 9 /kwh e in 2020 Capacity factor of 75% Domestic Daggett, CA 240We nominal plant 15% fossil fuel limit DSP Levelized Cost of Energy Present Value of Ins. and Present Value of Ins. an Prop. Tax Prop. Tax Present Value of O and Present M Value of O and Indirect Indirect Contingency Contingency Fossil Backup Fossil Backup SkyTrough DSP Dispatchable Solar Power 8m Aperture Width 150m Aperture Length 100/π Concentration Ratio DOE-FOA 80mm Receiver 90mm Receiver Thermal Storage HTF System Power Plant Solar Field Site DOE-FOA SkyTrough-DSP SkyTrough-DSP SkyTrough-DSP Physical (80mm HCE) Physical Physical (80mm (90mm HCE) HCE) Physical (90mm HCE) Thermal Storage HTF System Power Plant Solar Field Site 2

2 Operation and Maintenance costs Impact of Molten Salt Freeze Protection Response to Freeze / Thaw Cycles

3 Scope Not Included in this Presentation Addressed in Separate Paper Improvements in ReflecTech Mirror Film Increased Specular Reflectance Abrasion Resistant coating Reduction in Specific Cost To Be Addressed in Phase 2 Operation and Maintenance costs Impact of Molten Salt Freeze Protection Response to Freeze / Thaw Cycles Flexible Piping connections Outside of Scope Thermal Storage, HTF delivery costs Balance of Plant, Indirect Costs 3

Achieving Grid Competitiveness Relative Importance of Features Reduce installed Cost (44%) Reduce InstalledCosts

6%) Increase Reflectance (1.6%) Lower Intercept (-0.8%) Reduce intercept (0.8%) -5.00 0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.

4 Achieving Grid Competitiveness Relative Importance of Features Reduce installed Cost (44%) Reduce InstalledCosts ( 44%) Increase Operating Temperature (11%) Increase Outlet Temp (11%) Increase Reflectance (1.6%) Increase Reflectance (1.6%) Lower Intercept (-0.8%) Reduce intercept (0.8%) Reduction Reduction in in Levelized Cost Cost of Energy of Energy ($/MWhe) $/MWhr e $0.00 $5.00 $10.00 $15.00 $20.00 $25.00 Lower Installed Cost with Increasing Aperture Size 8m x 150 m Higher Operating Temperatures Reduce Storage Cost >500C Molten Salt Improved Reflectance with Abrasion Resistance and Anti-soiling Reduce O&M, Improve Performance 4

Installed Cost Modifications in Architecture SkyTrough 6m x 115m selected as baseline Installed Cost is substantially lower than NREL 2010 Roadmap Generic Extensive Component Cost Database Available

5 Installed Cost Modifications in Architecture SkyTrough 6m x 115m selected as baseline Installed Cost is substantially lower than NREL 2010 Roadmap Generic Extensive Component Cost Database Available Fundamental Architecture Examined Aperture Materials of construction Module Structure (Torque Box, Torque Tube, Space Frame) Drive (Helical Rotary, Opposed Linear Cylinders) Support & Foundations (Single, dual piers) Receivers per Module, Modules per Drive 5

Design Matrix Cost and Performance by Component Selected 180 discrete cases (500 to 2900m 2 aperture) Optimize component design for each case Define component cost based on indicative pricing

6 Design Matrix Cost and Performance by Component Selected 180 discrete cases (500 to 2900m 2 aperture) Optimize component design for each case Define component cost based on indicative pricing Establish performance for each case with ASAP Used SAM empirical model to establish LCOE 6 Aperture width 7.0, 7.5, 8.0, and 9.0m Number of modules per SCA 6, 8, 10, 12, 14 Receiver size , 0.080, m Receivers per mirror module 3,4,5

length Weight increases rapidly at high aperture widths Specific Receiver Cost ($/m2 normalized) Vs.

7 Specific Weight Installed Cost Selected Components Space Frame Weight as a function of Aperture length and width Specific Weight Frame specific cost ($/m2) proportional to specific weight Weight increases uniformly with aperture length Weight increases rapidly at high aperture widths Specific Receiver Cost ($/m2 normalized) Vs. Aperture width Aperture length Aperture width Receiver cost reduces with aperture width Receiver savings critical to large aperture designs 7

Torque (kip-in) Aperture Area (m 2 ) Installed Cost Primary Criterion for Design Structural Limits at Survival Load Define Aperture Optimization: Torsional Loads are the Primary Determinant in Cost,

8 Torque (kip-in) Aperture Area (m 2 ) Installed Cost Primary Criterion for Design Structural Limits at Survival Load Define Aperture Optimization: Torsional Loads are the Primary Determinant in Cost, Vary by the Square of Aperture Width Linearly with Aperture Length Optical Stiffness at Operating Load Does NOT Control Design Torsional Load and Aperture Area vs. Aperture Width Torque Area Aperture Width (m) 8

9 Installed Cost Optimum Aperture Length and Width Installed Cost ($/m2 Normalized) Optimization Vs. Aperture Length and Width Component Design Optimized at Each Aperture Component Cost Determined at Each Aperture Optimized Installed Cost Reasonably Flat 9

Features Specularity Sun Shape Tracking Contour Error

10 Performance Modeled Features Optical Features Modeled in ASAP at Each Aperture in Design Matrix Optical Features Specularity Sun Shape Tracking Contour Error Twist Receiver Mis-location Specularity Model Sun Shape Model 10

Performance Contour Accuracy 9m 8m 7m 6m Contour Error Fabricate Mirror Panels at Several Apertures (6, 7, 8, and 9m) Directly Measure Slope Error Construct Surface Using

11 Performance Contour Accuracy 9m 8m 7m 6m Contour Error Fabricate Mirror Panels at Several Apertures (6, 7, 8, and 9m) Directly Measure Slope Error Construct Surface Using Piecewise Integration in MatLab Enter Surface Models in ASAP Slope Error (Mrad) Vs. Distance from Vertex 6m Aperture Slope Error (Mrad) Vs. Distance from Vertex 9m Aperture 11

Performance Twist Error Twist Error Finite Element Analysis Defines Rotational Spring Constants Load Based on Energy Weighted Wind Spectrum for Daggett Data from SEGSII Installation Provides

12 Performance Twist Error Twist Error Finite Element Analysis Defines Rotational Spring Constants Load Based on Energy Weighted Wind Spectrum for Daggett Data from SEGSII Installation Provides Correlation Between Wind Speed and Thermal Output Model Predicts Frame Twist as a Function of Distance From Drive Integration Provides Surface Twist for ASAP Model Torque & Angular Deflection Vs. Distance from Drive 12

13 Intercept Factor Performance Intercept Vs. Aperture Width mm Receiver mm Receiver 80mm Receiver Aperture Width (m) 150m SCA Length Aperture Independent Errors Specularity Sun Shape Tracking Aperture Dependent Errors Contour Error Twist Receiver Mis-location 13

14 Performance Intercept Vs. Aperture Width and Length 90mm Diameter Receiver Aperture Independent Errors Specularity Sun Shape Tracking Aperture Dependent Errors Contour Error Twist Receiver Mis-location 14

Cost and Performance Combined Selection of a Design with minimum LCOE LCOE $/MWhr e Combined Cost & Performance System Advisory Model (SAM) Defines LCOE Optimize component design Define

15 Cost and Performance Combined Selection of a Design with minimum LCOE LCOE $/MWhr e Combined Cost & Performance System Advisory Model (SAM) Defines LCOE Optimize component design Define component cost Establish performance, ASAP LCOE <$0.09 / MWhr e Aperture width 8.0m 15 Number of modules per SCA 8 Receiver size OR 0.090m Diameter, 4.7m length Receivers per mirror module 4

16 LCOE [Real] (cents/kwhr-e) LCOE [Real] (cents/kwhr-e) Conclusions Project Objectives Exceeded SkyTrough DSP LCOE of 8.9 /kwh e Capacity factor of 75% Domestic Daggett, CA 240We nominal plant 15% fossil fuel limit Increased Aperture 8 x 150m, 100/π CR 4 Higher Operating Temperature 3 >500C Improved Reflectance Abrasion resistant Coating DOE-FOA DSP Levelized Cost of Energy Present Value of Ins. and Present Value of Ins. an Prop. Tax Prop. Tax mm Receiver 90mm Receiver DOE-FOA SkyTrough-DSP SkyTrough-DSP SkyTrough-DSP Physical (80mm HCE) Physical Physical (80mm (90mm HCE) HCE) Physical (90mm HCE) Present Value of O and Present M Value of O and Indirect Indirect Contingency Contingency Fossil Backup Fossil Backup Thermal Storage Thermal Storage HTF System HTF System Power Plant Power Plant Solar Field Solar Field Site Site 16

WREF 2012: ADVANCED PARABOLIC CONCENTRATOR FOR GRID COMPETITIVENESS

WREF 2012: ADVANCED PARABOLIC CONCENTRATOR FOR GRID COMPETITIVENESS David White Alison Mason Adrian Farr Rob Tatum SkyFuel, Inc. 18300 West Highway 72 Arvada, CO 80007 Alison.Mason@SkyFuel.com ABSTRACT