This booklet covers the theory aspects that you need to know for the examination in Y11.

Transcription

1 Year 11 Graphics Notes: This booklet covers the theory aspects that you need to know for the examination in Y11. It does not cover the first section of the paper, as that is a design based question: Your theme for the first section of the examination paper is: Promoting Firework Safety for Children You will need to: produce two different creative ideas, develop one of your ideas to appeal to the children,, produce a 3D drawing, evaluate the final idea. For the rest of the exam there are various papers, documents and presentations stored in the shared area of the school network. Go to the shared drive, navigate to design and technology, GCSE Graphics and there are four folders. These will have new materials added over time, so please use these folders for revision. The paper is split into two sections, the first being the Design Question. This is related to the theme above.

2 Examiners comments from previous years: Q1. The design question. This question was generally well tackled. There is still some improvement in sketching skills needed, and a greater awareness of where marks are awarded. Adding annotation that meets the question needs still needs some focus. Q2. Graphic Products The responses to this question highlighted a lack of revision in some cases. The content was not particularly difficult, but did require the recall of factual knowledge, Q3. CAD/CAM This was based on the use of CAD/CAM, particularly the use of a vinyl cutter. Candidates were asked to sketch and use notes, some only used notes, so missed out on 8 of the 24 marks available Q4. Types of Printing This was the weakest question for most candidates, relying on knowledge of printing, which is obviously a weak area. It had been covered in revision, but many of the candidates showed a lack of awareness or understanding of industrial processes The Print Dynamics application is installed in T4 for supporting this aspect of the course. Q5. The Environment and Packaging Other than two candidates this question was well tackled. The first part of the question required a well reasoned example of why over packaging is used, there were 8 marks available and some candidates did not give a clear and reasoned response. Q6. Branding This question was very weak, it was about the branding of P&O, the mark scheme made no mention of the reasons for the use of the colours, which was what the question expected. The drawing aspect was the weakest part. A few of the others did not do this part as well as they should, it will be covered in revision.

3 Bar Codes What is a bar code and what does it do? Bar codes are sometimes used a decorative items and can enhance a design. Designers: You need to be aware of the work of famous designers and how their work can influence other designs: Harry Beck The style of Harry Beck maps can be used to illustrate other things, and is used to help communicate routes for other transport Alberto Alessi The use of bold colours and simple shapes, and the fun designs influence lots of other designers

4 Jock Kinneir and Margaret Calvert Typography and high contrast imagery is used to communicate clear messages Wally Olins Brands are important to communicate what an organisation stands for, the use of colour, text and imagery combine to give a message Robert Sabuda Special occasions and fun items can be commemorated with kinetic spreads For each of these you need to know the sorts of things they developed and the style in which they worked.

5 Printing processes: You need to know examples of things that are printed using each method. You need to think about what needs to be done to monitor quality during printing Flexography Food Packaging Plastics Gravure Magazines Card packaging Lithography Books High volume Screen Printing Tee Shirts Printed circuit boards Digital Printing Small run/low volume Desk Top Publishing

6 Communicating texture rendering: Practice rendering images, using shade only and then adding colour

7 Drawing Systems: Isometric Used to show technical information, all perpendicular lines are drawn at 30 or 60 degrees and vertical Exploded Isometric As above, but with components separated along an axis Orthographic First and Third Angle, using side, plan and end elevations to show flat detail Oblique Face on to the paper, with depth shown at 45 degrees Perspective Single or multiple point Used to show artistic representation

8 Packaging design development: Fold lines Cut lines Glue area Perforated lines You need to be able to explain how packaging is important in design, to protect materials and goods and why over packaging is not good, as this can be a waste of materials. You need to be able to discuss colour what certain colours communicate, explain environmental issues, benefits to the customer, benefits to the manufacturer, Social costs. You need to be able to explain how a die cutter works for making card items: Cutting using a blade to cut a continual line Perforating using a blade with sections that cut short holes Creasing pressing an indent into the card to help with folding How is an envelope made?

9 Text You need to be able to describe the important aspects of typography: Serif Stem Curve Continuous curve What makes a particular font useful for a particular purpose? Colour: Contrast Complimentary Tone Hue Use of ICT You need to be aware of the role of ICT in developing graphical products using drawing software, ing images to manufacturers, creating artwork with CAD/CAM machines and remote telemetrics to control equipment. You need to be able to explain the advantages and disadvantages of using ICT (CAD or CAM) to produce items. You need to be able to explain the stages of manufacturing items, for example by using the vinyl cutter or laser cutter: 1. Draw your image or symbol on the computer we use Techsoft 2. The vinyl/laser cutter prints the drawing onto the material (unwanted vinyl is removed from the vinyl sheet (weeding)). a. Low-tack film or masking tape is used to lift the vinyl off the backing sheet. b. The sticky side of the vinyl can then be applied to the surface you are decorating. c. The low-tack film is removed. 3. The laser cuts material from the substrate, or engraves onto the surface (line colour is used to indicate cut or engrave). Use of hand tools: Scalpels Scissors Compass cutters

10 Graphical Symbols and what they mean: Recycling Shows that a material can be recycled Trade Mark Shows that an item cannot be copied without prior permission from the trade mark registrant TM Registered trademark The Trade Mark has been registered with the national office Kite mark The item meets the national standards for that item Estimation symbol The contents are estimated to meet the size, weight or volume stated on the packaging

11 Graphic materials including Smart materials: Paper sizes and weights Card Corrugated card Spiral wound tubing Polypropylene sheet Foamboard Virgin/recycled Laminated board Thermoplastics/thermosetting plastics Advantages and disadvantages of materials for the manufacturer and for the end user (customer) Finishing materials: Filler Paint Lacquer Laminating/encapsulating Adhesives: Pritt stick PVA Spray mount Tensol Cement Hot melt glue Epoxy Tape/double sided tape/masking tape One off, batch and mass production: Product Lifecycle: All products have a lifecycle some last over many years, others have a very short period of popularity. The lifecycle of any product goes through similar stages: Introduction, evolution, growth, maturity, decline and replacement. The 6 Rs Repair Reduce Recycle Re-use Re-think Refuse