JEFFERSON COLLEGE COURSE SYLLABUS BET220 DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING. 3 Credit Hours. Prepared by: Scott Sebaugh Date: 2/20/2012

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1 JEFFERSON COLLEGE COURSE SYLLABUS BET220 DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING 3 Credit Hours Prepared by: Scott Sebaugh Date: 2/20/2012 Mary Beth Ottinger, Division Chair Elizabeth Check, Dean, Career & Technical Education

2 BET220 Diagnostic Imaging I. CATALOGUE DESCRIPTION A. Prerequisite: reading proficiency BET200 Electronic Control Technology. B. Credit hour award: 3 C. Description: This course covers the theory of diagnostic imaging including x-ray, computer aided tomography, nuclear imaging and ultrasound. Components and safety of nuclear imaging systems are included. Safety aspects of x-ray are also taught. (S) II. EXPECTED LEARNING OUTCOMES/CORRESPONDING ASSESSMENT MEASURES Basic Radiographic Equipment: List the main function of an X-ray machine. Compare the different types of X-ray machines (Fluoroscope, cine, chest, dental). Sketch a circuit diagram of an X-ray tube. Sketch a circuit diagram of an X-ray machine. Describe the "heel effect". Describe the focal spot. Explain the purpose of grids. Explain the purpose of the bucky. Identify dental X-ray machine components. Identify portable X-ray machine components. Identify general rad-room components. Identify cath lab components. Radiology: List the main functions of an X-ray machine. Describe the therapeutic applications of X-ray machines. State the diagnostic (measurement) function of an X-ray machine. State the different categories of X-ray machines (e.g.: still picture, continuous picture and motion picture). List the dangers associated with X-rays. Name the units used for measuring radioactivity (e.g.: curie, Roentgen, Dose rate). Explain the terms used in the study of radiology (e.g.: gamma, beta and alpha rays, nuclear radiation, etc.). Sketch the circuit diagram of an X-ray tube. Sketch the circuit diagram of a Geiger-Mueller tube. Explain how the X-ray tubes work.

3 Discuss the safety precautions associated with the handling of X-ray tubes. List common problems/faults of X-ray tubes. Sketch the circuit diagram of an X-ray machine. Radiation Physics : Define Ionizing radiation. Describe the diagnostic (measurement) function of an X-ray machine. Explain how X-rays are produced. Explain decay rate. Describe hard and soft radiation. Linear Accelerators: Describe a cyclotron. Explain how a cyclotron may be utilized for treatment. Discuss how a neutron beam is generated. Describe the betatron. Discuss the major differences between a cyclotron and betatron. Name the types of isotope treatment units. State the function of a linear accelerator treatment unit. Name the types of beams produced by a linear accelerator and state their uses. List types of linear accelerator designs utilized to accelerate electrons. List the functions of the major block diagram components and auxiliary systems of a medical linear accelerator. Name the common types of external beams utilized in radiotherapy. Computed Tomography: Define computed tomography. Identify the components of computed tomography: (gantry, tube/detectors,generator, couch computers applications, reconstruction, display) Describe the formation of the image Describe computed tomography dose index (CTDI). Describe multiple scan average dose (MSDA). Describe beam geometry. Describe measuring dose. Describe Protocol selection options (i.e. kvp, mas, slice thickness, feed, matrix, algorithm). Nuclear Medicine: Identify the major components of a scintillation camera and label them correctly on a diagram. List the function of scintillation camera collimators. Identify the material of which scintillation camera collimators are made. Identify the chemical composition of a scintillation crystal and its physical characteristics. List the environmental factors that can adversely affect a scintillation crystal.

4 Identify the purpose of a photo multiplier tube in a scintillation detector system. Describe the function of a pulse height analyzer in a scintillation detector system. Differentiate between planar, SPECT, and PET. Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Identify Magnet types. Describe Fourier Process. Identify Cryogens. Describe T1 and T2. State purpose of Gradients. Identify Coils. State purpose of auxiliary coils. Identify RF leakage. Identify image produced with metal in bore. Radiation Safety State the importance of exposure time in regard to safety. State the importance of shielding in regard to safety. State the importance of distance from source in regard to radiation safety. Describe the safe handling of Isotopes. Describe the safe handling of Cryogens. Describe the reasons for non-ferrous tools in the MRI suite. Describe the Thomson Effect. Describe the purpose of a film badge. State the inverse square law. State the potential lethal dose of x-radiation for humans. Diagnostic Ultrasound Equipment: List the functions of the five basic components of a diagnostic medical ultrasound machine. Identify the unique characteristics for each of the types of transducer scan heads used in real-time ultrasound. Describe current ultrasound image display formats (pie-shaped, rectangular, trapezoidal, circular). Describe the different ultrasound image recording formats (Polaroid film, single emulsion film, thermal paper, magnetic tape, magnetic disks, and optical disks). Describe A-Mode. Describe B-Mode. Describe M-Mode. Film Processing: Describe Wet Processing. Identify Chemicals and Functions. Describe Dry Processing. Identify and Describe Laser Imaging Process. Describe function and makeup of X-ray Cassettes. Describe and Identify X-ray film types.

5 State dark-room procedures. Describe film duplication process. Demonstrate proper cassette loading technique. Picture Archive Communication System: Explain electrical surge potential. List ways of preventing damage from electrical surges. Describe the Internet and its application to imaging modalities. Describe Tele-radiology. Describe Picture Archive Communication system. List major components of Picture Archive Communication system. Describe application used on the internet and imaging modalities. Identify key organizations influential to the field of Diagnostic Imaging equipment design. III. OUTLINE OF TOPICS A. Modern Imaging Systems 1. X-ray Machines and Digital Radiography 2. X-ray Computed Tomography 3. Nuclear Medical Imaging Systems B. Magnetic Resonance Imaging System 1. Principles of NMR 2. MR imaging 3. MR Imaging 4. MR pulse programming 5. MRS & fmri 6. Applications of MR C. Ultrasonic Imaging System 1. Practice of Ultrasonic Systems 2. Principles of Ultrasonic Systems D. Thermal Imaging System 1. Image Analysis 2. Image Processing I- image types and linear transforms 3. Image Processing II frequency analysis

6 IV. METHOD(S) OF INSTRUCTION A. Lecture/Instructional Videos B. Readings from Textbook/Industry Company Manufacture Website C. Supplemental Handouts for Exercises D. Active Learning in the Classroom Setting E. Case Studies F. Hands-on Interaction during Portions of the Course in which the Students use Diagnostic Equipment V. REQUIRED TEXTBOOK(S) R.S. Khandpur, C. a. Biomedical Instrumentation: Technology and Applications. 1st Ed. McGraw-Hill Professional Publishing VI. REQUIRED MATERIALS A. Textbook B. A Computer with Internet Access (available through the Jefferson College Labs) C. Paper, notebooks, pens, pencils with erasers, Jump drive electronic storage VII. SUPPLEMENTAL REFERENCES A. Class handouts B. Current internet resources C. On-line reference materials VIII. METHOD OF EVALUATION A. Summative Written Examinations 20% B. Oral Presentation(s) 25% C. Quizzes 20% D. Written Assignments 25%

7 E. Attendance/Participation: 10% F. Grading Scale: A=92-100% B= % C= % D= % F=64.9% and below IX. ADA AA STATEMENT Any student requiring special accommodations should inform the instructor and the Coordinator of Disability Support Services (Library phone ). X. ACADEMIC HONESTY STATEMENT All students are responsible for complying with campus policies as stated in the Student Handbook (see College website XI. ATTENDANCE STATEMENT Regular and punctual attendance is expected of all students. Any one of these four options may result in the student being removed from the class and an administrative withdrawal being processed: (1) Student fails to begin class; (2) Student ceases participation for at least two consecutive weeks; (3) Student misses 15 percent or more of the coursework; and/or (4) Student misses 15 percent or more of the course as defined by the instructor. Students earn their financial aid by regularly attending and actively participating in their coursework. If a student does not actively participate, he/she may have to return financial aid funds. Consult the College Catalog or a Student Financial Services representative for more details. XII. OUTSIDE OF CLASS ACADEMICALLY RELATED ACTIVITIES The U.S. Department of Education mandates that students be made aware of expectations regarding coursework to be completed outside the classroom. Students are expected to spend substantial time outside of class meetings engaging in academically related activities such as reading, studying, and completing assignments. Specifically, time spent on academically related activities outside of class combined with time spent in class meetings is expected to be a minimum of 37.5 hours over the duration of the term for each credit hour.