Affordable space based radar for homeland security

Transcription

1 Changing the economics of space Affordable space based radar for homeland security Adam Baker Brent Abbott Phil Whittaker Rachel Bird Luis Gomes

2 Summary Why Radar? However: Radar data is expensive Users of radar data Sensor Performance: Resolution and. Delivering radar sensor performance A Value Proposition for DMC-SAR 2

3 Why radar? Multiple MODIS images May Daily coverage Clouds has significant benefits in cloudy regions, or for dynamic events 2. such as Poor crop growth monitoring light Single DMC image 3

4 Disaster monitoring from space Constellation mode operation Ultra-wide swath within 100 minutes ALSAT-1 UK-DMC NiSAT-1 BILSAT DMC+4 32m 22m 600km 3 days Daily 4

5 Radar is expensive! RadarSat-1: 3000kg spacecraft 1500kg payload, 800kg antenna! DMC: 100kg spacecraft, 30kg payload Antenna 1.5kg Mission Customer Launch Mass RadarSat- 1 (1995) ERS-2 (1995) TerraSAR (2007) SAR- LUPE (2007) TecSAR (2008) Canadian govt. Price 3t $650M excl. launch ESA 2.5t $650M DLR 1.2t $120M excl. launch German military Israeli govt. 0.8t 5 $420M incl. launch 0.3t $300M 5

6 Radar DATA is expensive! Spacecraft Image area (km) Resolution (m) Price ( /km 2 ) RadarSat TerraSAR-X DMC (optical) And may not cover the area you want 5-40 And isn t always available when you want it 6

7 Unmet needs for DMC class SAR data Example Applications Ships and ship wakes Rice crop monitoring Flood extents Land slippage Example Customers Homeland security & disaster response agencies Commercial companies operating in the arctic DMC customers, SE Asia Logging, Rainforest ERS-1, ESA EnviSat ESA TerraSAR, Astrium 7

8 Defining a SAR sensor Performance Resolution, Contrast, Ambiguities Polarimetry (colour) Frequencies Low v.high: Penetration Antenna gain v. size Area coverage rate wide Swath Field of regard (access) Revisit time Gain [db] Flexibility Image modes: Stripmap Spotlight, scansar, interferometric, ultra wide area maritime mode X Band C Band S Band L Band Increasing frequency Antenna Diam [m] DMC image LANDSAT image DMC-SAR image 8

9 Low cost SAR trade-space Resolution driven, <1m GSD Surveillance Flooding, shipping Application Performance Area coverage Revisit rate DMC - SAR Civil / homeland security Customer Smallsats traditionally limited in - Power - Hosting and deploying a large antenna - Downlink rates Military 9

10 What is DMC-SAR? Performance spec. Frequency S or C (3-5GHz): price driven Polarisation Single HH / HV nice to have Resolution 20m suffices. 10m nice to have. Swath 100km min more is better Modes Stripmap ScanSAR. Not spotlight. Fitting into a low cost launcher! Achieving the Lowest saleable performance is key to the entire affordability concept System approaches DMC-SAR TerraSAR - SSTL AstroSAR -Lite 10

11 DMC-SAR: configurations Early concept Operational system using SSTL-600 bus 3m Electronics Demonstrator 1m Launch accommodation 11

12 Business model Bottom up Top-down Element Detail Price $M Bus SAR Sensor Launcher G/S SSTL-300 or -600 Qualified, heritage Falcon-1e baseline SSTL standard & processor 15 <20 11 <2 Ops 5 years <1 <$50M Assumptions, 100min SSO (14 orbits / day) 2% duty cycle (1000km strip) 50% of imagery generated is useful and saleable 100km swath at 30-50m resolution 1.14M km 2 / day 2000M km 2 over life At 5 / km2 >$50M 12

13 Constellations: value proposition Global imagery with a better than daily revisit, Unaffected by weather & lighting conditions, System robustness >> a single large satellite, Incrementally affordable, attractive to government and commercial customers Number of times Imaged in one day 13