Oerlikon Skyshield MOOTW / C-RAM System

Transcription

1 Oerlikn Skyshield MOOTW / C-RAM System Rheinmetall Air Defence AG - Innvative technlgy against mdern air threats Page 1/10

2 Prtectin against RAM Attacks RAM stands fr rckets, artillery and mrtar. These widely available weapns are used by asymmetric attackers r terrrist grups. Their intent is t bring the mst devastating effects by attacks at vital assets f natins strategic interests. Bth material and persnal are vulnerable. The ppnent side using RAM in asymmetric warfare is highly mbile and very difficult t identify and t distinguish. Its hit and run tactic is mst challenging t cunter and t defeat. Since asymmetric, uncnventinal and terrrist attacks are t be expected belw the threshld f war, even during peace time, special requirements fr peratin, cmmand and cntrl f a defence are t be cnsidered. The Oerlikn Skyshield MOOTW / C-RAM System is the Rheinmetall Air Defence slutin t cunter this challenge. It s a re-lcatable Grund Based Air Defence (GBAD) system and can prtect any civilian r military vital assets frm RAM attacks under the spectrum f military peratin ther than war (MOOTW) r even full scale war scenari. The system prvides permanent airspace surveillance, autmated detectin and tracking f very small targets, the prir warning f areas under threat and the interceptin and destructin f appraching RAM targets. Tgether with the Oerlikn Skymaster Cmmand and Cntrl System MOOTW cnfiguratin Skyshield MOOTW / C-RAM is up t the task fr such delicate missins. The system is based n prven Oerlikn Skyshield air defence technlgy and an Ahead rund specially adapted t defeat RAM targets. System Layut The basic system cnfiguratin cnsists f tw Oerlikn Skyshield Fire Cntrl Units and fur Oerlikn Revlver Gun C-RAM which are linked t a cntrl nde. By netting these units t the cntrl nde, a GBAD cluster is built up. Frm the cntrl nde all the engagement peratins are crdinated and frm there, the link t the site t be prtected and ptinal links t higher echelns can be established. If requested, lng range sensrs and weapn systems can be integrated as well. In rder t establish a 24 hurs/days and 7 days/week peratin, the system functins are highly autmated. Skyshield MOOTW / C-RAM is managed by a tw man crew. Their task is mainly t supervise the autmated peratin, verify the engaged target and enable the autmated fire release. Fig. 1 - Oerlikn Skyshield MOOTW / C-RAM System Layut Page 2/10

3 The basic cnfiguratin can be used t prtect a vital site f abut 500 m x 500 m (Fig. 1). Fr prtecting larger sites, the number f sensrs and guns can be increased. 500m 500m Fig. 1 - Generic Deplyment f Skyshield MOOTW / C-RAM Threat Skyshield MOOTW / C-RAM is ptimized against RAM threats, but it can als be deplyed against Basic Threat and Small Target Threat (see Table belw). Basic Threat Fixed wing aircraft Rtary wing aircraft (helicpters) Cruise missiles Drnes, UAV/RPV Small Target Threat Air-t-Surface Missile (ASM) Anti-Radiatin Missile (ARM) Light Precisin-Guided Ammunitin (PGM) Very Small Target Threat Armured Precisin-Guided Ammunitin (PGM) Rcket, Artillery, Mrtar (RAM) Radi cntrlled flying mdel Page 3/10

4 Main System Capabilities The main characteristics f the Skyshield MOOTW / C-RAM System can be summarized as fllws: Dedicated sensrs being ptimized fr detecting and tracking very small RAM targets at such distances that a timely target engagement can be achieved. Exceptinal gun perfrmances, in particular in cmbinatin with Ahead ammunitin. The high firing rate f up t 1000 runds/min with Ahead ammunitin prduces a large, high density clud f heavy metal sub-prjectiles arund the appraching target causing its destructin r missin abrt. The Revlver Gun C-RAM can defeat RAM targets as well as cnventinal air threats (like aircraft, helicpters r UAVs) and is als highly effective against grund targets. Autmated cntrl f the sensrs and weapns by means f a smart Battle Management System implemented in the Cntrl Nde Mdule minimizes the required amunt f persnnel and allws a 24h/day, 7 days/week peratin. Open and standardised interfaces at the Cntrl Nde allw integratin with higher echelns and neighburing frces. The system is re-lcatable and all elements are standardised fr transprtatin by air (transprt aircraft r helicpter), trucks r rail rad. The 7 Tasks in RAM Engagement Fr a ttal C-RAM slutin the fllwing 7 areas have been identified: Prevent Detect Warn Intercept Prtect Attack Cmmand and Cntrl Fig. 3 Elements f a ttal C-RAM Slutin Page 4/10

5 The Skyshield MOOTW / C-RAM System serves fr mst f these areas and at least supprts the remaining nes: Prevent: The Skyshield MOOTW / C-RAM system s high defence pwer discurages attacks Detect: The Skyshield MOOTW / C-RAM system detects appraching RAM targets autmatically, reliably and in due time Warn: The Skyshield MOOTW / C-RAM system calculates the pint f impact (POI) f the RAM threat. The system integrates existing alarm systems and warns the threatened zne. An analysis f mrtar attacks has shwn: a reliable alarm in gd time a few secnds advance warning are sufficient significantly increases the chance f survival Intercept: The Skyshield MOOTW / C-RAM system cunters a wide range f weapns. Autmatic fire cntrl ptimises the timing and weapns used Prtect: The Skyshield MOOTW / C-RAM system prvides a fast deplyable prtectin and reduces the requirement fr hardening Attack: The Skyshield MOOTW / C-RAM system determines the type f weapn emplyed and its pint f rigin (POO) thereby making a cunterattack viable Cmmand and Cntrl: The Skymaster Cmmand and Cntrl system assumes all the cmmand tasks necessary fr cmbating RAM targets and can be incrprated in existing cmmand and cntrl systems System Elements In its basic cnfiguratin the Skyshield MOOTW / C-RAM System cnsists f: ne Cntrl Nde (20 ft shelter) including the Oerlikn Skymaster Cmmand and Cntrl System tw Oerlikn Skyshield Fire Cntrl Units fur Oerlikn Revlver Guns C-RAM Oerlikn Ahead ammunitin Cntrl Nde The peratin cncept was develped under the cnditin that a 24 h/day and 7 days/week peratin with minimum number f persnnel shall be maintained. This led t a technical slutin where mst engagement functins are fully autmated and where the peratrs can cncentrate n the tasks f verifying the target, alarming the site and the decisin whether t fire r nt. These tasks require dedicated missin peratin cnsles. T achieve the required quick reactin time fr a successful engagement, the autmated functins include autmated threat evaluatin and weapn assignment. In rder t maximize the kill prbability, fire release is autmated as well in case f engaging RAM targets. The missin cntrl cnsles are ptimised fr perfrming tasks that cannt be delegated t the cmputer. These include: Peridical sensr set-up ptimizatin Page 5/10

6 Visual target verificatin (as safety means) Sensr reset in case f false target acquisitin Alarm f the defended asset in case f a dangerus RAM attack (shall be dne manually in rder t minimize false alarms) Decisin whether t fire r nt The Cntrl Nde (CN) prvides the fllwing main capabilities: Situatinal Awareness LAP Cmpilatin Mnitring f Skyshield sensr unit and C-RAM gun activities Target Identificatin (IFF and Airspace Cntrl Means) Threat Evaluatin Display f Situatinal Awareness Evaluatin f the ptential cllateral damage in case f fire release Engagement Cntrl Weapn Cntrl Order Weapn Assignment Friend Prtectin Alarm Functin Alarm the site t be prtected in case f a dangerus RAM attack Crew Prtectin Prtect peratin crew by use f a 20 feet prtected shelter Fig. 4 - Example f Cntrl Nde Shelter and the cnsles architecture Page 6/10

7 Oerlikn Skyshield Fire Cntrl Unit C-RAM The Skyshield Fire Cntrl Unit C-RAM is based n the mdern Skyshield technlgy and its prven sub-systems (Radar, Electr Optics, Man Machine Interface). It has a search radar cverage f up t 70 degrees in elevatin and can detect very small, fast and steep attacking air targets such as rckets and mrtar shells. A track-while-scan functin and pwerful Electrnic Cunter Cunter Measures have been implemented. Its predictin algrithms and the multiple ballistic allw the firing f cnventinal HEI (r ther types) r Oerlikn Ahead ammunitin. The Sensr Unit cnsists f the majr cmpnents: Platfrm Tracker munt and drives Radar IFF (ptin) Search Radar Tracking Radar Electr-Optical grup TV-camera IR-camera (Thermal Imager) Vide Tracker Mdule Laser Range Finder, lw eye hazard Distance Measuring Device (DMD) fr determining the distance between the Sensr Unit and the weapns; eye safe, invisible IR beam Data Prcessing Grup Pwer Supply Unit. Fig. 5 - Oerlikn Skyshield Fire Cntrl Unit C-RAM Page 7/10

8 Oerlikn Revver Gun C-RAM The Revlver Gun C-RAM is a single-barrel, lw weight, high perfrmance 35 mm gun with the fllwing features: Ahead ammunitin and full-calibre, hmlgated 35 mm ammunitin capability High firing rate f runds/min Easy t transprt Unmanned peratin Autmatic tilt cmpensatin It has the fllwing characteristics and perfrmance: Calibre 35 mm Rate f fire 1000 runds/min Ammunitin strage 252 runds 4km engagement range against air and grund targets km engagement range against RAM targets Imprved accuracy fr engagement against RAM targets Increased hit prbability against small and fast targets due t Ahead technlgy Gas-perated revlver cannn Revlver drum with 4 cartridge chambers Mechanical ignitin Autmatic ccking device Fig. 6 Oerlikn Revlver Gun C-RAM Page 8/10

9 The 35 mm revlver cannn is a gas perated cannn with a mechanical ignitin. It is charged with a remte cntrlled hydraulic ccking device. The main cmpnents f the 35 mm revlver cannn are: Cannn husing with revlver drum 35 mm cannn barrel Muzzle velcity measuring and Ahead prgramming base Ammunitin feeder Electrmechanical trigger device. Fibre ptic sensr unit The muzzle velcity measurement and Ahead fuse time prgramming are accmplished with the 3- cil muzzle base. The three cils are psitined cncentrically t the barrel axis and d nt cme int physical cntact with the runds fired. Fig mm Revlver Cannn with muzzle velcity measuring and Ahead prgramming base Oerlikn Ahead Ammunitin Technlgy The Skyshield MOOTW / C-RAM System sensrs are ptimized fr detecting and tracking very small targets with shrt reactin times and high accuracy. Such threats are being engaged by using the Ahead ammunitin. The Ahead ammunitin carries a paylad f subprjectiles, which have t be ejected at a predetermined distance in frnt f the target, with the bjective f achieving an ptimal subprjectile density fr maximum effectiveness. The ptimal ejectin distance frm the target depends n the type f target and the interceptin range f the target. The desired ejectin pint is achieved by means f a fuze with a prgrammable timer. The fire cntrl system calculates a fuze time crrespnding t the required target interceptin Page 9/10

10 cnditins, based n an assumed muzzle velcity. The actual muzzle velcity f each rund is measured by a device n the end f the gun barrel. The calculated fuze time is crrected t crrespnd t the measured muzzle velcity. This value is prgrammed int the Ahead rund in real time by an inductive cil placed just in frnt f the muzzle velcity measuring device. A salv f Ahead ammunitin creates a clud f high-energy spin-stabilised subprjectiles directed twards the target with devastating terminal effects which have been demnstrated several times against a variety f target types, including RAM targets. Fig. 8 Oerlikn Ahead Ammunitin Technlgy Principle Skyshield, Skymaster, Ahead, the Rheinmetall-lg and the Oerlikn-lg are trademarks f Rheinmetall Grup. Page 10/10