Inside AutoCAD Release 12, Student Edition

Transcription

1 Inside AutoCAD Release 12, Student Edition % Tom Boersma Jim Boyce Frank Conner Rusty Gesner JeffHester Original Authors: D. Kaker H. Rice NRP NEW RIDERS PUBLISHING New Riders Indianapolis, Publishing, Indiana

2 Table of Contents Introduction 1 Learning AutoCAD with this Book In the Classroom and Beyond 2 The Benefits of this Book to Students New to AutoCAD....3 The Benefits of this Book to Students with Previous AutoCAD Experience 3 IfYou are Upgrading from AutoCAD Release 11 3 If You are Upgrading from AutoCAD Release 10 3 The Benefits of this Book to All Readers 4 How this Book is Organized 4 Part One: Getting Started 4 Part Two: Basic 2D AutoCAD Drafting 5 Part Three: Advanced 2D AutoCAD Drafting 6 Part Four: Advanced AutoCAD Features 7 Part Five: AutoCAD and 3D Drawing 7 The Appendixes 8 How To Use the Tutorials 8 Where To Find Specific Topics 9 Using the Instructor's Guide Disk 10 Foliowing the Book's Conventions and Exercises 10 Exercises 10 Notes, Tips, and Warnings 12 Exercises and Your Graphics Display 13 What You Need To Use this Book 14 Handling Problems 14 Other AutoCAD Titles from New Riders Publishing Contacting New Riders Publishing 15 Part One: Getting Started 17 1 Setting Up 21 Setting Up AutoCAD for This Book's Exercises 21 Creating Directories 21 Making the IA Directory 22 Setting Up the AutoCAD Configuration Files 23 Installing the IA DISK 24 Using a Batch File To Start AutoCAD 24 Your System's Requirements.25 Creating the IA.BAT File 26 Using the IA Batch File 27 Setting the Defaults for the Exercises 28 Summary 29

3 X Inside AutoCAD Release 12, Student Edition 2 Getting To Know How AutoCAD Works 31 Using the Drawing Editor 31 Beginning a New Drawing 32 Starting To Draw 34 Entering Points and Coordinates in AutoCAD 37 The World Coordinate System (WCS) 37 The User Coordinate System (UCS) 38 Finishing the Practice Exercise 39 Saving a Drawing File 41 Communicating with AutoCAD 42 The Status Line 42 The Coordinate Display 42 The Command Line 43 The Text Screen 44 Correcting Errors 44 Using the ERASE Command 45 Using the UNDO Command 46 Getting Help from AutoCAD 47 Using Other Help Features 48 Help Dialog Box Buttons 49 Using the File Menü 50 Opening an Existing File 50 Specifying File Patterns 51 Changing Directories 52 Using Other File Menü Options 53 Plot 53 About AutoCAD 53 Exit AutoCAD 54 Configure 54 Utilities 54 Import/Export, Xref, and Applications Menü Options 55 Comparing AutoCAD's Menüs 56 Pull-Down Menüs 56 Dialog Boxes 58 Icon Menüs and Image Buttons 60 The Screen Menü 60 Keyboard Access to the Screen Menü 61 Screen Menü Conventions 61 The Tablet Menü 62 Button Functions 62 Pop-Up Menü 63 Buttons Menü 63 Using Keyboard Commands versus Menüs.. 64 Using Dialog Boxes 65 Entering Text in Dialog Boxes 65 Using Dialog Box Lists 66

4 Contents XI Filtering File Names in a File Dialog Box 67 Using File Dialog Boxes 67 Using Other Dialog Box Features 68 Ending Your Work 69 Summary 70 3 Setting Up an Electronic Drawing 71 Organizing Your Drawing Setups 71 Understanding Full-Scale Electronic Drawings 71 Working with Electronic Eayers 72 Understanding Entities and Properties 73 Setting Up a Drawing 73 Determining a Scale Factor and Drawing Limits 74 Determining Scale Factor and Sheet Size 75 Calculating a Sheet Size for a Known Scale and Object Size 75 Setting the Drawing''s Limits 76 Setting Units 78 Entering and Displaying Values in Various Units 79 Using the Limits Command 80 Determining a Scale for a Known Object and Sheet Size 80 Setting Limits 81 Turning On the Limits Warning 83 Setting Other Drawing Effects 84 Making a Quick Plot 87 Setting Up Layers, Colors, and Linetypes 89 Understanding Layers 89 Understanding Layering Conventions 91 Using the Layer Control Dialog Box 92 Creating New Layers ' Understanding Layer Color 94 Modifying Layer Properties 94 Choosing the Current Layer 98 Making Layers Invisible 98 Locking Layers 99 Using the LAYER Command 99 Testing Drawing Layer Properties 100 Setting Color and Linetype by Entity 101 Understanding Entity Colors 101 Understanding Entity Linetypes 103 Changing Entity Properties 105 Using a Dialog Box To Change Properties 106 Using the RENAME Command 107 Using the STATUS Command 107 Modifying and Viewing System Variables 108 Keeping Your Work Safe 109 Summary 110

5 XÜ Inside AutoCAD Release 12, Student Edition Part Two: Basic 2D AutoCAD Drafting Drawing Accurately 115 Examining Electronic Drawing Aids 115 Understanding Grid and Snap 227 Understanding Object Snaps 117 Examining the Drawing Accuracy Tools 117 Using Drawing Aids 118 Controlling Drawing Points 220 Determining the Accuracy ofpick Points 120 Using the Grid Display 121 Setting Snap Points 124 Using Snap Points To Draw Objects 225 Using Ortho Mode as a Special Snap 226 Examining Coordinate Entry 228 Creating Your Own Coordinate System 133 Snapping to Entities: Object Snaps 139 Using the OSNAP Command To Pinpoint a Location Using Overrides versus Running Modes 239 Using QUIck To Optimize Osnap 245 Using a Running Mode Object Snap 246 Using REDRAW and BLIPMODE for a Clean Drawing Window 148 Summary Controlling the Graphics Display 151 Setting Up the Display Controls 153 Using ZOOM To Control the Drawing Display 154 Zooming In with Zoom Window 254 Zooming Out with Zoom All 257 Examining Other Zoom Options 257 Keeping Track ofzoom Displays 158 Understanding AutoCAD''s Virtual Screen 260 Using the ZOOM Dynamic Option 262 Using PAN To Move around in the Drawing 166 Using VIEW To Name and Save Working Views 168 Controlling Display Size and Resolution 171 Using VIEWRES To Control Smooth Curves and Regeneration 272 Using REGEN To Control Data Generation 273 Using REGENAUTO To Control AutoCAD's Regeneration 273 Using Transparent Commands 174 Displaying Multiple Viewports 175 Understanding Paper Space and Model Space 277 Working in Paper Space 277 Examining the Command Set for Mview Viewports 178

6 Contents XÜi Entering Paper Space and Creating Viewports 178 Drawing in Multiple Viewports 181 Editing Mview Viewports 184 Using VPLAYER To Control Layer Visibility 186 Understanding VPLAYER Options 188 Controlling Dialog Box Viewport Layers 188 Choosing between Mview Viewports and Tiled Viewports 190 Using Tiled Viewports 190 Saving and Restoring Mview Viewports 194 Using REDRAWALL and REGEN ALL 195 Summary Basic Drawing and Editing 197 Using the LINE Command 199 LINE Options 201 Creating Circles and Ares 203 Getting To Know Circles 203 Using Three-Point Ares 208 Using the Are Options 211 Using Grips and Autoediting Modes 213 Controlling GRIPS and Selection Parameters 216 Controlling Selection with DDSELECT 216 Controlling Press and Drag 218 Controlling Aperture Size 219 Editing with the Autoediting Modes 220 Copying and Moving with Stretch Autoediting Mode Using the Move Autoediting Mode 223 Rotating with Autoediting Mode 225 Mirroring Entities with Autoediting Mode 229 Using the Shift Key To Copy 231 Scaling with Autoedit 232 Changing Entities with DDMODIFY 234 Summary Graphic Entities 237 Establishing Drawing Tools and Drawing Goals 239 Setting Up for Drawing Entities 240 Using a Scratch Layer To Experiment 242 Using Snap and Object Snaps 242 Establishing the Reference Points 243 Drawing Rectangles 246 Using MULTIPLE To Repeat Commands 246 Drawing with TRACE 248 Exploring More ARC and CIRCLE Options 252 Creating Polylines 254

7 XIV Inside AutoCAD Release 12, Student Edition Polylines versus Lines 254 Using PLINE To Draw Ares and Wide Lines 257 Creating Donuts, Polygons, and Ellipses 259 Creating Donuts 259 Drawing Regulär Polygons 262 Drawing an Ellipse 262 Creating Solids 265 Using Fill Control with Solids, Traces, and Polylines 266 Using AutoCAD's Text Commands 267 Style Settings 268 Using STYLE To Create and Maintain Text Styles 268 Style Options 270 Notes on Style 272 Dynamic Text versus Regulär Text 272 Formatting Text 273 Text Justification 273 Using DTEXT To Place Text 275 Using Special Text Characters 280 Text Underscore and Overscore 280 Angled versus Vertical Text 281 Quick versus Fancy Text 281 The QTEXT Command 281 Summary Introduction to Editing 285 Exploring the Editor's Toolkit 286 How Editing Commands Work 288 Selecting before Editing 288 Building the Selection Set 289 Windows and Crossing Modes Settings 291 Setting Object Selection Behavior 291 Additional Selection Set Options 292 Setting Up for Editing 292 Making Some Quick Moves 293 Moving With Noun/Verb Selection 295 Displacement and Drag 296 Using DRAGMODE 297 Add and Remove Modes for the Selection Set 297 Using a Crossing Window 298 Understanding the Selection Set 300 Using the Single Option for Object Selection 300 Using the Previous Selection Set Option 301 Controlling Entity Sorting 301 Using the COPY Command 303 Using the COPY Command Options 305

8 Contents XV Using ARRAY To Make Multiple Copies in a Pattern 307 Using Rectangular Arrays 307 Using Polar Arrays 310 Turning Entities by Using the ROT ATE Command 312 Copying through the Looking Glass 315 Deleting and Restoring by Using ERASE and OOPS 317 Using BREAK To Cut Objects 318 Rounding Edges Using the FILLET Command 320 Applying the CHAMFER Command 322 Modifying Entities by Using the CHANGE Command 324 Using CHPROP To Change Properties 326 Using the Change Properties Dialog Box 327 Summary 329 Part Three: Advanced 2D AutoCAD Drafting Advanced Editing 335 Setting Up the Cylinder Drawing 336 Using Lines and Polylines To Rough-In a Drawing 338 Extending Entities 339 Using the OFFSET Command 340 Using STRETCH for Power Drawing 343 Using TRIM in Quick Construction 346 Using the SCALE Command 348 Controlling the Selection Set 350 Using Entity Selection Filters 350 Filtering Specific Entity Characteristics 351 Using Conditional Testing 353 Selecting voith Locked Layers 355 Controlling Polylines by Using PEDIT 356 Using PEDIT Join To Create a Polyline 357 Using PEDIT Edit Vertex Options 361 Using EXPLODE on Polylines 370 Using PEDIT Fit and Spline Curves 370 Controlling Polyline Linetype Generation 374 Using PLUD 374 Using the XPLODE Command 376 Using REVSURF To Create a 3D Surface Mesh 377 Summary Drawing Construction Techniques 383 Using Advanced Construction Methods 383 Point Filters and Construction Lines 383 UNDO Marks 384 Editing Tools 385

9 XVJ Inside AutoCAD Release 12, Student Edition Setting Up for the Mockup Drawing 385 Using Construction Lines 386 Controlling AutoCAD's UNDO 390 The U Command 390 The UNDO Command 390 The REDO Command 390 UNDO Options 392 Xtsiag Arraylechriiqueslo Consfrucf fhe Flange Perimeter 393 Completing a One-Sixth Portion To Array 394 Using ARRAY and PEDIT To Create the Perimeter 39^ Editing by Recycling Entities 399 Using XYZ Point Filters for Section Construction 400 Defining Boundaries with BPOLY 410 Summary Grouping Entities into Blocks 415 Using Block Parts, Symbols, and Features 415 Block Speed and Versatility 427 Block Efficiency and Storage 417 Following the Block Exercises.418 Examining Block Editing Tools 418 Setting Up for Blocks 41g Making Objects for Blocks 429 The BLOCK Command 419 Using the INSERT Command 421 Scaling and Rotating Block Insertions 424 Using Unit Scale To Make Flexible Blocks 427 Using Preset Scales 428 Preset Scale and Rotation Options 429 Inserting Blocks as Individual Entries 430 Using the EXPLODE Command 432 Using the MINSERT Command 432 Using the DIVIDE Command 434 Using the MEASURE Command 436 Using the WBLOCK Command 437 Sending Blocks to Disk as Drawing Files 437 Using WBLOCK with Entity Selection To Create a File 43g Using WBLOCK* To Write Most ofa Drawing 439 Using the PURGE Command 440 Using the BASE Command 440 Naming Conventions for Blocks 441 Defining Block Structure 441 Nesting Blocks 441 Blocks and Layers 442

10 Contents XVN Substituting and Redefining Blocks 444 Substituting Block Names 444 Redefining Blocks 444 Using External References (Xrefs) for Design Distribution 445 Using Xrefs for Efficiency 446 Using Xrefs To Control Drawings 446 Using Xrefs with Options 446 Using Xrefs for Workgroup Design Distribution 448 Reloading Xrefs 449 Understanding XrefLayers 451 Removing Xrefs from Draivings 451 Using Bind with Xrefs 452 Controlling Xref Name/Block Conflicts 453 Understanding Xrefs Dependent Symbols 454 Using XBIND To Bind Dependent Xref Symbols 455 Summary Construction Techniques with Blocks and Xrefs 459 Setting Up Autotown 460 Using DLINE To Draw Double Lines 461 Using Surveyor's Angles 463 Using the Site Layout as an Xref 465 Using DLINE and WBLOCK To Prepare Autotown''s Blocks 466 Using a UCS To Insert Blocks 472 Using the Insert Dialog Box 474 Using Preset Scale Insertions 475 Using BMAKE To Group Blocks 475 Displaying Blocks and Drawing Files 477 Redefining Blocks 478 Updating the Externally Referenced Site Plan 480 Summary Sheet Composition, Scaling, and Plotting 485 Getting Ready To Plot 486 Configuring AutoCAD for Your Output Device 486 Multiple Flotter and Printer Configurations 487 First-Time Checklist 487 Every-Time Checklist 488 Accessing the PLOT Command 488 Creating a Checkplot To Fit the Paper 489 Composing and Finishing a Drawing for Plotting 491 Controlling What To Plot 492 Setting the Plotting Scale 493 Scaling Annotations, Symbols, and Dimensions 493 Composing a Title Block in Model Space 493

11 XVÜi Inside AutoCAD Release 12, Student Edition Model Space Alternative: Faking Paper Space 495 Plotting Multiple Model Views or Details 495 Positioning the Plot on Paper 496 Plot Origin versus Area-to-Plot Origin 496 Plot Standardization 496 Plotting a Standard View Named PLOT to Scale 497 Expanding the Plotting Area 499 Composing a Plot in Paper Space 499 Scaling Viewports Relative to Paper Scale 500 Setting Up Paper Space Views for Plotting 501 Automating Your Plot Setup Using MVSETUP.LSP 506 Aligning Viewport Images 509 Customizing MVSETUP 511 Controlling Layer Visibility in Plots 511 Layer Control in Paper Space 511 Controlling Layers in Model Space or Tiled Viewports 513 Using Other Methods to Plot 514 Controlling Pens, Line Weights, and Linetypes 515 Pen Color 516 Plotter Linetype 516 Pen Speed 516 Plotter Linetypes, Software Linetypes, and Pen Widths 520 Pen Motion Optimization 520 Controlling Pen Assignments from a Dialog Box 521 Saving Default Plot Settings 522 Plotting to a File and Spooling 524 Plotting Tips 525 Plotting Media 525 Pen Type, Speed, and Force 525 Keeping Your Plotter and Pens Working 525 Solving Plotter Problems 526 No Communication between Computer and Plotter 526 Paper Jams 526 No More Ink or a Pen Skips 526 Wrong Linetypes 526 Summary Drawing Enhancements and Inquiry 529 Setting Up for Drawing Enhancements 530 Examining the Patterns Stored in ACAD.PAT 533 Using the HATCH Command 533 The Hatch Donut-and-Hole Problem 534 HATCH Prompts and Options 536

12 Using HATCH Outermost 537 Breaking Existing Entities for a Hatch Boundary 538 Exploring the BHATCH Options 539 Hatching Complex Areas 542 Editing Hatch Patterns 544 Customizing Hatch Patterns 545 Controlling Hatch Alignment 545 Using Linetypes and Linetype Scales 547 LTSCALE Controls Line Pattern Spacing 547 Creating Your Own Linetypes 548 Drawing Freehand Using SKETCH 552 How SKETCH Works 552 Using SKETCH To Make Contour Polylines 553 SKETCH Options 555 Tracing and Digitizing Using the Tablet 556 Using Inquiry Commands 557 Using TIME To Track Your Drawing Time 557 Using the ID Command 558 Using DIST To Get Line Lengths and More 559 Using AREA To Get Area and Perimeter Values 560 Using LIST and DBLIST Inquiry Commands 562 Using TIME To Get Elapsed Editing Time 563 Using the Region Modeler as an Inquiry Tool 564 Summary 565 Dimensioning 567 Understanding Dimensioning 567 Overview of the Exercises 573 Using Dimensioning Tools 573 Working with Dim Mode, the Dim Prompt,and Dim Commands 573 Setting Up for Dimensioning 575 Scaling Dimensions 576 Using Undo in Dimensioning Mode 578 Dimensioning the MOCKDIM Plan View 578 Dimensioning with Center Marks 578 Dimensioning a Radius 579 Forcing the Text inside the Circle or Are 581 Dimensioning a Diameter 582 Forcing an Inside Dimension Leader 582 Adding Text to a Default Dimension 583 Dimensioning with Leader Dimensions 585 Dimensioning an Angle 587 Drawing Angular Dimensions 588 Dimensioning with Linear Dimensions 589 Making Horizontal and Vertical Linear Dimensions 589

13 XX Inside AutoCAD Release 12, Student Edition Aligning Dimensions 590 Creating Rotated Dimensions 591 Understanding Dimension Variables 593 Examining the Default Dimension Variables 593 Using the Dimensioning Dialog Boxes 594 Summary 597 Part Four: Advanced AutoCAD Features Attributes and Data Extraction 603 Understanding Attributes 603 Setting Up for Attributes 606 Using the ATTDEF Command To Define Attributes 610 Understanding Variable Attributes 610 Using Attribute Modes 622 Defining Attributes 612 Using Attribute Tags 622 Using Attribute Prompts 622 Using Default Attribute Values 612 Displaying Attributes 622 Creating a Block with Many Attributes 613 Creating the Rest ofthe Attribute Definitions 623 Using BLOCK To Group Graphics and Attribute Definitions 626 Using INSERT To Insert Attribute Blocks 627 Using the Attribute Prompts 620 Controlling Attribute Visibility 622 Using Layers To Control Attribute Display 623 Using ATTEDIT To Edit Attributes 623 Making Global Attribute Edits with ATTEDIT 625 Using Wild Cards To Edit Attributes Selectively 626 Using Tag Selection To Edit Attributes 627 Using the Attribute Dialog Box To Edit Attributes 629 Plotting the Office Drawing 630 Using the ATTEXT Command To Extract Attributes 631 Setting Up an Attribute Report 632 Examining ATTEXT Formats 632 Extracting Attribute Data Using CDF or SDF 632 Creating an Attribute Report Template File 632 Extracting the Data File 634 Redefining a Block with Attributes 635 Attributes versus DXF, DXB, and IGES Drawing Data Exchange 637 AutoCAD SQL Extension (ASE) 638 Summary 638

14 Contents XXI 17 Advanced Dimensioning 641 Saving Sets of Dimension Variables as Dimension Styles 642 Creating a Dimension Style for Paper Space Dimensioning 643 Affecting Styles with Dimension Variable Changes Placing Ordinate Dimensions 645 Dimensioning the Section View in Model Space 648 Dimensioning with Continued Dimensions 650 Restoring, Redefining, and Examining Existing Dimension Styles 652 Dimensioning with Baseline Dimensions 654 Appending a Units Suffix to Dimension Text 656 Controlling Extension Line Offset from Objects 656 The Efficiency of Dimension Styles 656 Understanding Associative Dimensions 656 Using Associative Dimensions 657 Associative Dimensioning Commands 657 Updating Associative Dimensions 658 Controlling Dimension and Extension Lines 660 Controlling Units 663 Dimensioning with Alternative Units 666 Using Two Measurement Systems at the Same Time 666 Adding Tolerances and Limits to Dimension Text 667 Controlling Dimension Text 669 Controlling Dimension Color and Line Weight 672 Stretching and Scaling Entities and Associative Dimensions 673 Changing the Dimension Terminator (Arrow) 675 Summary Data Exchange with Other Applications 679 Using DXF for Data Exchange 680 Inside a DXF File 682 Using Binary Drawing Interchange (DXB) Files 684 Exchanging Data with IGES 684 Importing and Exporting to Raster Files 687 Importing Raster Images 692 Exchanging Data through PostScript 692 Using PostScript To Import Data 694 Using ASCTEXT To Import Text 696 Understanding the AutoCAD SQL Extension 697 Summary 698

15 XXÜ Inside AutoCAD Release 12, Student Edition Part Five: AutoCAD and 3D Drawing Getting Started with 3D 703 Understanding Isometric Drawing 703 Setting Up for an Isometric Drawing 704 Working with ISOMODE 705 Drawing the Support Arms 708 Using the User Coordinate System (UCS) 712 Setting Up for a 3D Drawing 713 Getting Around in Simple 3D Drawings 714 Using VPOINT To Get Around 715 Selecting Predefined Viewpoints 718 Using Polar Angles To Select a Viewpoint 719 The WORLDV1EW System Variable 722 Using the PLAN Command 723 Drawing 2D Entities in 3D Space 723 Three-Dimensional Thickness 724 Using THICKNESS To Draw Table Legs 724 Using Multiple Viewports To Control Drawing Display and 3D Viewing 726 Using Viewports To View the 3D Table 's Construction 726 Using the SOLID Command To Make a 3D Object 728 Using XYZ Filters in 3D 728 Z Values and Thickness 730 Using HIDE To Remove Hidden Lines 731 What Gets Hidden with HIDE? 732 Using Familiär Editing Commands as 3D Tools 733 Using MOVE as a 3D Construction Tool 733 Establishing a UCS in 3D 735 Understanding the UCS Command''s Options 737 Defining and Saving a 3Point UCS 738 Using the ZAxis Option To Define a UCS 739 Using the UCS Icon To Keep Track of UCS Orientation 740 Setting the UCS Origin and a Plan View 741 Setting a UCS with the X/Y/Z, View, and Entity Options 743 Using BLOCK and INSERT To Insert Blocks in 3D 745 Using BLOCK To Create a Unit 3D Block 745 Using INSERT To Insert a 3D Block 746 Building a Library of 3D Blocks 748 Editing in 3D 750 Using CHPROP and DDMODIFY To Edit an Entity's Thickness 750 Using STRETCH To Edit in 3D 752

16 Using FILLET To Edit in 3D 753 Supplemental 3D Editing Commands 755 Hatching in 3D 755 Viewing the Table 757 Using UCSFOLLOWTo Automate Plan Views 757 Creating 3D Multiple-View Drawings 760 Summary 763 Using 3D Entities 765 Selecting 3D Entities and Meshes 765 Applying 3D Drawing Tools 766 Understanding Mesh Generation 768 Following the Chair Exercises 769 Setting Up for Using 3D Entities 769 Using the 3D Objects Mesh Commands 771 Using CONE To Construct the Chair 's Five-Sided Hub 772 Using 3DFACES To Create the Chair Leg 773 Utilizing 3Dfaces with Invisible Edges 776 Introducing 3D Polyline Meshes 777 Working with Polyface and Polygon Meshes 777 Using the 3DMESH Command 779 Using the PF ACE Command 779 Using RULESURF To Create the Leg Top 782 Completing the Base Assembly 785 Using a 3D SPHERE To Construct the Chair's Casters 786 Using ARRAY To Complete the Chair Base 787 Using the REVSURF Command 788 Creating a Shaft Profile of the Pedestal 788 Using REVSURF To Complete the Shaft 790 Using the BOX AutoLISP Command 793 Using 3D Polylines 794 Understanding Partial REVSURFS and the Direction of Rotation 796 Combining 3D Surfaces for Complex Mesh Construction 798 Using the TABSURF Command 801 Using REVSURF To Create Revolved Surfaces 802 Creating a Surface Using the EDGESURF Command 807 Using PEDIT To Edit 3D Meshes 809 Choosing Smooth Surface Options 811 Other PEDIT Mesh Options 813 Finishing the Seat by Using 3DFACE, TABSURF, and REVSURF 813 Inserting 3D Blocks 817 Summary 818

17 XXiv Inside AutoCAD Release 12, Student Edition 21 Dynamic 3D Displays 821 Viewing Drawings Dynamically 821 Using Dynamic Display with the Slide and Script Commands 823 Setting Up for DVIEW 823 Understanding the DVIEW Command 826 Understanding DVIEW Options 826 Setting a Line-of-Sight View with POints 827 Using DVIEWs Undo Option 829 Understanding the DVIEWHouse Icon 829 Changing the Camera Location 829 Using Dynamic Rotation 830 Setting a Distance for Perspective Views 832 Rotating the View Using the TArget Option 834 Selection Sets and Dragging in DVIEW 835 Using the PAn Option To Center the Room View 835 Organizing Your Views 837 Previeioing Hidden-Line Removal Using the Hide Option 837 Using DVIEW To Clip Away Obstructions 838 Zooming To Change Camera Lenses 842 Using the TWist Option 843 Making a 3D Slide Presentation 843 Using the MSLIDE Command To Make a Slide 844 Using VSLIDE To Display a Slide 844 Making Südes for a Slide Show 845 Automating Slide Shows Using Script Files 847 Making a Script File for Slide Presentations 848 Using Scripts for Other Purposes 848 Usin<^Scrint To Run a Slide Show 849 Stopping and Resuming Scripts 849 Slide Library Files 849 Making a Slide Library File 850 Using AutoFlix, the Low-Cost Animator 850 Using Autodesk Animator, Animator Pro, and 3D Studio for Creating Presentations 850 Editing, Annotating, and Plotting Perspectives 851 Using Viewports To Work with Perspective Views 852 Annotating and Plotting Perspective Drawings 854 Summary Inside Shading and Rendering 857 Deciding To Hide, Shade, or Render 857 Using SHADE 858 Using AutoCAD Render 860

18 Contents XXV Setting Up for AutoCAD Render 861 Using the AutoCAD Render Tools 861 Preparing 3D Drawings for AutoCAD Render 863 Sprucing up the Drawn Image 863 Using Perspective in AutoCAD Render 863 Calling for Lights, Camera, Action! 864 Making Scenes for Drawings 864 Using DVIEWTo Create Perspective Views 864 Using LIGHT To Set Lights 865 Creating Action! 868 Using the Füll Render Option 868 Using Lighting and Finishes To Enhance Images 872 Shading Model Distance Factors 875 Saving and Printing Renderings 877 Developing Scenes for a Replay 878 Creating Photorealism with AutoShade and RenderMan 881 Summary Inside Solid and Region Modeling 885 The Three Types of 3D Modeling 885 Who Needs Region and Solid Modeling? 886 Getting Started in Region Modeling 886 Creating a Region Model 886 Getting Started in Solid Modeling 892 Setting Up a 3D Solid Modeling Environment 893 Making Something from Nothing Almost 895 AutoCAD's Solid Modeling Tools 896 Creating a Simple Model Using Primitives 896 Boolean Operations AutoCAD's Solids Modifiers Creating Solid Tools for Removing Material 902 Creating Fillets and Chamfers on Existing Solids 905 Controlling How Solid Models Display 908 Creating Toroidal and Spherical Primitives 910 Creating Extrusions and Revolved Solids 911 Separating Joined Solids Using SOLSEP 913 Creating a Countersink Using SOLREV 914 More about Revolved Solids 915 SOLREV Options 915 Finishing the Hinge Block with Fillets and Holes 917 Intersections, Interferences, and SOLINT 918 Adding Properties to Your Solid Model 920 Adding a Material Specification Using SOLMAT 920 SOLMAT Options 921

19 XXVi Inside AutoCAD Release 12, Student Edition Using the Materials Browser Dialog Box 921 Calculating the Properties ofa Solid 922 Changing the Characteristics of a Solid 922 Deleting Features from a Composite Solid 926 Replacing Features in a Composite Solid 926 Turning Non-Solid 3D Geometry into Solids 928 Listing Solids Information and Controlling Variables 930 Setting and Listing Solid Modeling Variables 930 Listing Information Attached to a Solid 931 Finding the Surface Area ofa Solid 931 Turning Your Solid Model into a Finished Drawing 933 Starting Your 2D Drawing with Profile Views 933 Cutting a Section through a Solid 937 Copying an Edge or Face ofa Solid to 2D 939 Composing a Drawing from Profiles, Sections, and a 3D View 940 Summary 943 Part Six: Appendixes and Lessons 945 A AutoCAD System Variables 947 B Review Questions for Part I 977 Unit What You've Learned 977 Review Questions 978 True or False 978 Multiple Choice 978 Short Answer 979 Applying the AutoCAD Environment 979 Unit What You've Learned 981 Review Questions 981 True or False 981 Multiple Choice 982 Short Answer 982 Applying Command Entry Methods 983 Unit What You've Learned 985 Review Questions 985 True or False 985 Multiple Choice 985 Short Answer 986 Applying Drawing Setup 987

20 Applying Drawing Setup Techniques to Mechanical Drafting 987 Applying Drawing Setup Techniques to Architectural Drafting 988 Unit What You've Learned 989 Review Questions 989 True or False 989 Multiple Choice 989 Short Answer 990 Applying Layers and Colors 990 Applying Layers and Colors to Mechanical Drafting 991 Applying Layers and Colors to Architectural Drafting 992 Unit 05 Review 995 What You've Learned 995 Review Questions 995 True or False 995 Multiple Choice 996 Short Answer 997 Review Questions for Part II 999 Unit What You've Learned 999 Review Questions 1000 True or False 1000 Multiple Choice 1000 Short Answer 1001 Applying Accurate Drawing Techniques 1001 Applying Accurate Drawing Techniques to Mechanical Drafting 1001 Applying Accurate Drawing Techniques to Architectural Drafting 1002 Unit What You've Learned 1005 Review Questions 1005 True or False 1005 Multiple Choice 1005 Short Answer 1007 Unit What You've Learned 1009 Review Questions 1009 True or False 1009 Multiple Choice 1009 Short Answer 1010

21 XXVÜi Inside AutoCAD Release 12, Student Edition Applying Multiple Viewports 1011 Applying Multiple Viewports to Mechanical Drafting 2022 Applying Multiple Viewports to Architectural Drafting 2022 Unit What You've Learned 2023 Review Questions 1013 True or False 2023 Multiple Choice 2023 Short Answer 2024 Applying Basic Drawing and Editing 2024 Applying Basic Drawing and Editing to Mechanical Drafting 2025 Applying Basic Drawing and Editing Space Planning 2025 Unit What You've Learned 2027 Review Questions 1017 True or False 2027 Multiple Choice 2027 Short Answer 2028 Applying Graphic Entities 2028 Applying Graphic Entities to Mechanical Drafting 2029 Applying Graphic Entities to Space Planning 2029 Unit What You've Learned 2022 Review Questions 1021 True or False 2022 Multiple Choice 2022 Short Answer 2022 Applying Text 2022 Applying Text to Mechanical Drafting 2023 Applying Text to Space Planning 2024 Unit What You've Learned 2025 Review Questions 1025 True or False 2025 Multiple Choice 2026 Short Answer 2027 Unit What You've Learned 2029 Review Questions 1029 True or False 2029 Multiple Choice 2029 Short Answer 2030 Applying Basic Editing 2032

22 Applying Basic Editing to Mechanical Drafting 1031 Applying Basic Editing to Space Planning 1031 Unit 14 Review 1033 What You've Learned 2033 Review Questions 1033 True or False 2033 Multiple Choice 2034 Short Answer 2035 Review Questions for Part III 1037 Unit What You've Eearned 2037 Review Questions 1038 True or False 2038 Multiple Choice 2038 Short Answer 2039 Applying Advanced Editing 2039 Applying Advanced Editing to Graphic Design 2039 Unit What You've Eearned 2042 Review Questions 1041 True or False 2042 Multiple Choice 2042 Short Answer 2042 Applying Polyline Editing 2043 Applying Polyline Editing to Graphic Design 2043 Unit What You've Eearned 2045 Review Questions 1045 True or False 2045 Multiple Choice 2045 Short Answer 2046 Applying Drawing Construction Techniques 2046 Applying Drawing Construction Techniques to Electromechanical Drafting 2047 Applying Drawing Construction Techniques to Architectural Detailing 2047 Unit What You've Eearned 2049 Review Questions 1049 True or False 2049 Multiple Choice 2049 Short Answer 2050 Applying Blocks to Electromechanical drafting 2052 Appling Blocks to Architectural Detailing 2052 Unit 19 ; 1053 What You've Eearned 2053 Review Questions 1053

23 XXX Inside AutoCAD Release 12, Student Edition True or False 2053 Multiple Choice 2053 Short Anszver 1054 Applying Block Commands 2055 Applying Block Commands to Archüectural Detailing Unit What You've Learned 2057 Review Questions 1057 True or False 2057 Multiple Choice 2057 Short Answer 2058 Applying Xref's 2059 Applying Xrefs to Archüectural Detailing 2060 Unit What You've Learned 2063 Review Questions 1063 True or False 2063 Multiple Choice 2063 Short Answer 2064 Applying Block and Xref Construction Techniques 2064 Applying Block and Xref Construction Techniques to Electromechanical Drafting 2065 Applying Block and Xref Construction Techniques to Archüectural Detailing 2066 Unit What You've Learned 2069 Review Questions 1069 True or False 2069 Multiple Choice 2069 Short Answer 2070 Applying Scaling and Plotting 2072 Applying Scaling and Plotting to AU Disciplines 2072 Unit What You've Learned 2073 True or False 2073 Multiple Choice 2073 Short Answer 2074 Applying Plotting Control 2075 Applying Plotting Control to AU Disciplines 2075 Unit What You've Learned 1077 Review Questions 1077 True or False 2077 Multiple Choice 2077 Short Answer 2078 Applying Hatching and Linetypes 2079 Applying Hatching and Linetypes to Mechanical Drafting 2079

24 Applying Hatching and Linetypes to Architectural Detailing 1079 Unit What You've Learned 1081 Review Questions 1081 True or False 1081 Multiple Choice 1081 Short Answer 1082 Applying Linetypes and Inquiry Commands 1083 Applying Linetypes to Electrical Schematics 1083 Applying Linetypes to Civil Engineering 1084 Unit What You've Learned 1085 Review Questions 1085 True or False 1085 Multiple Choice 1085 Short Answer 1086 Applying Basic Dimensioning 1087 Applying Basic Dimensioning to Mechanical Drafting 1087 Applying Basic Dimensioning to Steel Detailing 1088 Unit What You've Learned 1089 Review Questions 1089 True or False 1089 Multiple Choice 1089 Short Answer 1090 Applying and Using Dimensioning Variables 1092 Applying and Using Dimensioning Variables for Drafting 1091 Unit What You've Learned 1093 Review Questions 1093 True or False 1093 Multiple Choice 1094 Short Answer 1095 Review Questions for Part IV 1097 Unit What You've Learned 1097 Review Questions 1097 True or False 1097 Multiple Choice 1098 Short Answer 1099 Applying Attributes 1099 Applying Attributes to Electrical Schematics 1099 Applying Attributes to Architectural Drafting 1100

25 XXXÜ Inside AutoCAD Release 12, Student Edition Unit What You've Learned 1103 Review Questions 1103 True or False 1103 Multiple Choice 1103 Short Answer 1104 Applying Attribute Editing and Data Extraction 1104 Applying Attribute Editing and Data Extraction to Electrical Schematics 1105 Applying Attribute Editing and Data Extraction to Architectural Drafting 1105 Unit What You've Learned 1107 Review Questions 1107 True or False 1107 Multiple Choice 1107 Short Answer 1108 Applying Dimension Styles 1108 Applying Dimension Styles to Mechanical Drafting 1109 Applying Dimension Styles to Architectural Detailing 1109 Unit What You've Learned 1111 Review Questions 1111 True or False 1111 Multiple Choice 1111 Short Answer 1112 Applying Ordinate Dimensioning 1112 Applying Ordinate Dimensions to Mechanical Drafting 1113 Applying Ordinate Dimensions to Architectural Detailing 1113 Unit What You've Learned 1115 Review Questions 1115 True or False 1115 Multiple Choice 1115 Short Answer 1116 Applying Baseline and Continued Dimensions 1117 Applying Baseline and Continued Dimensions to Mechanical Drafting 1117 Applying Baseline and Continued Dimensions to Architectural Detailing 1117 Unit What You've Learned 1119

26 Review Questions 1119 True or False 1119 Multiple Choice 1120 Short Answer 1120 Applying Advanced Associative Dimensioning 1121 Applying Advanced Associative Dimensioning to Mechanical Drafting 1121 Applying Advanced Associative Dimensioning to Architectural Detailing 1122 Unit What You've Learned 1125 Review Questions 1125 True or False 1125 Multiple Choice 1125 Short Answer 1126 Review Unit What You've Learned 1127 Review Questions 1127 True or False 1127 Multiple Choice 1127 Short Answer 1129 Index 1131