Project: Post & Beam. Contents. A Post & Beam Perspective. The Plan 1. Joinery Design 6. Shop Drawings 12. Timber Joinery 22

Transcription

1 Project: Post & Beam A Post & Beam Perspective i CHAPTER ONE The Plan Methodology Parts and Terminology Project Drawing Views Plan Views Elevation Views Sectional / Detail Views 5 CHAPTER TWO Joinery Design Full Tenon and Mortise Peg Tenon and Mortise Kneebrace - Tenon and Mortise Shouldered Half-lap Shouldered Corner Dovetail Shouldered / Housed Dovetail Bu ed and Splined Splice Splayed Wedged Scarf Bladed Scarf 11 CHAPTER THREE Shop Drawings Plan Grid Post Labeling Beam Labeling Posts Single - Shouldered Kneebraces Gable Wall Beams Sidewall Beams Tie Beam Ridge Beam Spread Sheet 20 CHAPTER FOUR Timber Joinery Material Preparation Centerline Layout Squaring Line 25

2 Project: Post & Beam 4.2 Mid and Corner Post Tenons King Post Tenons Gable Plate Beams Splayed Wedged Scarf Splayed Wedged Scarf Template Splayed Wedged Scarf: Layout Splayed Wedged Scarf: Cu ing Fi ing the Scarf / Layout of Additional Joinery Waypoints Gable Beam Post Mortises Fi ing Posts to Beams Gable Beam Shouldered Half-Lap Fi ing Shouldered Half-Lap Kneebrace Math Determining the Kneebrace Hypotenuse / Overall Length Kneebrace Layout Single - Shoulder Kneebrace Tenon Quarter Point Layout - Cu ing a Curve Kneebrace Mortise Fi ing Kneebraces to the Post and Beam Sidewall Plate Beams Centerline Layout on Bowed Timbers Bu ed Splice with Spline Connection Fi ing Spline Connections Post and Kneebrace Mortises Shouldered Half-Lap Shouldered Dovetail (Female) Tie Beam Shouldered Dovetail (Male) Fi ing Shouldered Dovetail Bladed Scarf Ridge Beam Joinery Pegging Template Design Post Pegging Template Kneebrace Pegging Template Spline Pegging Template Drawboring Tenons Second Floor Frame (optional) Shouldered Corner Dovetail Floor Joist Layout Housed 2 Lap Joist Housing Housed Dovetail Tusk Mortise and Tenon Timber Finishing and Packaging Edging Planing Finish Packaging Project P&B Frame Assembly 75

3 Project: Post & Beam CHAPTER FIVE Raftered Roof Framing Common Ra er Length Pythagorean Theorem Ra er Square Tables The Constant Method Ra er Stepping-Off (Imperial) Ra er Stepping-Off (Metric) Gable End Framing 83 CHAPTER SIX Infill Wall System E.P.S. Panel Fabrication Frame and Panel Construction Acrylic Stucco Basecoat Infill Panel Installation/Finish Timber Post & Beam Design 91 PROJECT PHOTOS Post & Beam 93 Hammer Bents 97

4 Project: Hammer Bents A Bents Perspective 103 CHAPTER ONE The Plan Methodology Parts and Terminology Project Drawing Views Elevation Views Plan Views 113 CHAPTER TWO Joinery Design Blind Tenon/Mortise with Sloped Shoulder Wedged Thru Tenon/Mortise with Sloped Shoulder Wedged Thru Tenon/Mortise with Housing Shouldered Thru Open Tenon/Mortise Double - Shouldered Housed Kneebrace Single - Shouldered Kneebrace Collar Tie Housing and Spline Connection Housed 2 Lap 119 CHAPTER THREE Shop Drawings Centerline Lo ed Layout Virtual Sizing of Timbers Principal Posts Sloped Shouldered Tenon Thru Mortise with 1 Housing Kneebrace Housed Mortise Thru Mortise with 1 Housing Kneebrace Mortise Hammer Girts Housed Thru Wedged Tenon Kneebrace Housed Mortise 126

5 Project: Hammer Bents 3.4 Sloped Shouldered Thru Wedged Tenon Hammer Posts sloped Shouldered Tenon Sloped Shouldered Thru Mortise Kneebrace Housed Mortise Sloped Shouldered Thru Mortise (Reversed) Anchor Beams Sloped Shouldered Thru Wedged Tenon Kneebrace Housed Mortise Principal Ra ers Shouldered Thru Open Mortise/Tenon Sloped Shouldered Mortise Plumb Cut Housed 2 Lap Connecting Girts Housing with Spline Mortise Housed Thru Wedged Tenon Kneebrace Mortise Kneebrace Single - Shouldered Tenon Kneebrace Double - Shouldered Tenon Dovetail Collar Tie Purlins Housed 2 Lap Project Spreadsheet 133 CHAPTER FOUR Timber Joinery Centerline and Virtual Layout Squaring Line Straight-edge Guides and Templates Principal Posts Sloped Shouldered Tenon Thru Mortises Housings Mitered Fat Kneebraces Single - Shoulder Tenon Kneebrace Mortise Kneebrace Double - Shouldered Tenon Kneebrace Housed Mortise Quarter Point Layout Hammer Girts Housed Thru Wedged Tenon Cu ing Long Tenons Hammer Posts Sloped Shoulder Tenon Sloped Shoulder Thru Mortise 159

6 Project: Hammer Bents Kneebrace Housed Mortise Anchor Beam Sloped Shoulder Through Tenon Kneebraces Housed Mortise Principal Ra ers Shouldered Thru Open Tenon/Mortise Sloped Shouldered Mortise Housed 2 Lap Collar Tie Dovetail Half-Lap Purlins Housed 2 Lap Connecting Girts Housing and Spline Connection Housed Thru Wedged Tenon Kneebrace Mortise Pre-Drilling the Mortises Hammer Bent Test Fi ing Drawboring Tenons Frame Finishing and Packaging 173 CHAPTER FIVE Project Frame Raising Board Footage Measure Volume and Weight Vertical Center of Gravity Li ing Tackle Loads Vertical Li ing Force Horizontal Force Tackle Force Guy Force Gin Pole Compression Manpower Anchoring Posts to Foundation Timber Frame Raising 178 CHAPTER SIX Wall / Roof System Structural Insulated Panels (S.I.P.) Timber Hammer Bents Design Post & Beam with Hammer Bents Design 182

7 Appendix APPENDIX I Timber Frame Tools 184 I.1 Layout Tools 184 I.2 Li ing and Hold-down Tools 185 I.3 Hand Tools 186 I.3 Grinding and Sharpening 187 I.4 Power Tools 188 I.4 Power Tool Safety 189 I.4 Personal Safety 189 I.4 Tool Use and Care 190 APPENDIX II Wood 191 II.1 Wood Structure 191 II.1 Wood Seasoning 192 II.2 Drying Timbers 193 II.2 Shrinkage Effect 194 II.3 Timber Grades 195 II.3 Wood Defects 196 II.4 Wood Degrading 197 II.5 Wood Treatments 198 II.6 Wood Repair 199 II.7 Wood Finishes 200 APPENDIX III Structural Beam Loading 203 and Sizing III.1 Defining Loads 205 III.2 Calculating Beam Size 205 III.2 Determining Floor Girder Size 205 III.2 Determining Roof Ridge and Purlin Beam Sizes 206 APPENDIX IV Structural Concepts 207 IV.1 Loads Defined 207

8 Appendix IV.1 Dead Loads 207 IV.1 Live Loads 208 IV.1 Wind Loading 208 IV.1 Snow Loads 208 IV.1 Earthquake 209 IV.2 Load Distribution 209 IV.3 Forces in Equilibrium 210 IV.3 Sectioning Technique 210 IV.3 Resultants and Components 211 IV.4 Strength of Materials 211 IV.4 Strain 213 IV.4 Deformation 213 IV.5 Structural Properties of Wood 214 IV.5 Allowable Stresses 214 IV.6 Connections 215 IV.7 Hammer Bent Analysis 215