Triple Band Microstrip Patch Antenna with I Slot For Radar Altimeter Applications

Transcription

1 IOSR Jounal of Electonics and Communication Engineeing (IOSR-JECE) e-issn: ,p- ISSN: Volume, Issue 3, Ve. I (May-Jun.6), PP Tiple Band Micostip Patch Antenna with I Slot Fo Rada Altimete Applications Hassan M. Elkamchouchi, Rateba A. Salem (Elec. Eng.Dept, Alexandia Univesity, Alexandia. Egypt) (Elec. Eng.Dept, Kaf El-Sheikh Univesity, Kaf El-Sheikh. Egypt.) Abstact: A tiband I slot micostip patch antenna is designed and simulated in this pape. The designed antenna esonates at thee bands (GHz), (5.8GHz) and (7.3-.9GHz).this antenna can be used as a basic element fo ada altimete antenna. The pefomance of the pesented antenna is explained in tems of etun loss, esonance fequency, adiation patten and gain. Design and simulations of the antenna ae implemented using High Fequency Stuctue Simulato Softwae (HFSS). Keywods: patch antenna, Rada altimete, micostip line feed, enhanced bandwidth, HFSS I. Intoduction Micostip patch antenna is a type of adio antenna with low pofile, which can be mounted on a flat suface. Micostip antennas ae inexpensive to manufactue and design because of thei simple geomety. Naow bandwidth is one of the disadvantages that patch antenna suffe fom []. The bandwidth of patch antenna can be enhanced by adding slots to the patch [].the enhanced bandwidth micostip antenna is fascinating fo many applications such as Rada, Satellite communication, biomedical application, Remote sensing etc [5]. The application consideed in this pape is ada altimete. A ada altimete, adio altimete (RA) used on aicaft to measue the distance above the gound pesently beneath an aicaft by timing how long it takes abeam of adio waves to eflect fom the gound and etun to the plane. The woking band of ada altimete in navigation applications lies in C-band [6].Rada altimete find applications in many fields like navigation applications, civil and militay applications, and weathe applications [6]. All these applications depend on distance measuement which elates to the bandwidth of the altimete antenna and hence lage bandwidth enable measuing highe altitudes [6]. Rada altimete is apat of ada. Rada is an object-detection system that uses adio wave to detemine the ange, the angle, o velocity of objects. Fo aicaft, ada tansmits adio waves to gound o sea level and eceives an echo signal afte time duation. Speed of vehicle and height between aicaft and gound specify the value of time [6]. Now a days communication and Rada systems development equies development of inexpensive, low pofile and light weight antennas to be able to achieve high pefomance ove a wide band of fequencies [7]. Naow bandwidth can be enhanced by seveal methods, fo example, slotted patch antenna [], inceasing the substate thickness, use of vaious impedance matching and feeding techniques [8-9]. In this pape, a micostip antenna with I slot is pesented to be the basic element fo ada altimete applications. The antenna is designed at 4.5GHz. I slot is added to enhance the bandwidth. Though this pape, the pefomance of the antenna is examined using HFSS,and MATLAB pogam. II. Antenna Stuctue And Design The stuctue of the designed antenna consists of gound plane, dielectic substate, and ectangula patch feeding by a micostip line. Dimensions of ectangula patch antenna ae length (L) and width (W). The antenna is designed to esonate at 4.5GHz. The paametes chosen to meet the design equiements ae based on tansmission line model equations [] as shown below. The designed paametes ae shown in table.the dielectic mateial used fo the design is RT-Duoid which has a dielectic constant of.. The thickness of the dielectic substate is 3.mm. The width of the patch antenna is given by: w Effective dielectic constant can be calculated as: f h w DOI:.979/ Page

2 Tiple Band Micostip Patch Antenna with I Slot Fo Rada Altimete Applications Length extension ( L): The actual length of the l.4h w.58.8 w h.64 h patch is: l l I slot is added to enhance the bandwidth. The dimensions of the added slot ae l&w, slot length and width espectively. "Fig.," shows I slot patch antenna. The length and width of the slot is detemined using paametic study, the optimum values obtained ae mm and mm. Fig.: Rectangula patch antenna with I slot Table : Paametes of Rectangula Patch Antenna PARAMETERS DIMENSIONS Patch length(l) mm Patch width(w) 33mm Substate length 39.mm Substate width 5.mm Substate thickness 3.mm Substate dielectic constant.mm III. Paametic Study Of Effect Of Vaiation Of Slot Width And Position Effect of vaiation of slot width is shown in table and "Fig.," and Effect of vaiation of slot position is shown in table 3 and "Fig.3". Slot width (mm) Table : Paametic Study of Effect of Vaiation in Slot Width Slot length (mm) Resonance fequency )GHz) Retun loss (db) Bandwidth (GHz) DOI:.979/ Page

3 Retun Loss(dB) Retun Loss(dB) Retun Loss(dB) Tiple Band Micostip Patch Antenna with I Slot Fo Rada Altimete Applications mm slot width.5mm slot width.8mm slot width.5mm slot width 3mm slot width 4mm slot width Fig.: Retun Loss with Vaiation in Slot Width - - -mm with x-axis -mm with x-axis -8mm with x-axis -mm with x-axis -mm with x-axis mm with x-axis 4mm with x-axis 8mm with x-axis mmwith x-axis mm with x-axis mm with x-axis Fig.3: Retun Loss with Vaiation in Slot Position DOI:.979/ Page

4 Tiple Band Micostip Patch Antenna with I Slot Fo Rada Altimete Applications Table 3: Paametic study of effect of vaiation of slot position Position of Opeating Slot with X Retun Loss(dB) Band(GHz) axis(mm) Slot Width and Length(mm) Bandwidth (GHz) It is obseved fom table and "Fig." that the best value of the width of the slot is mm, and it is shown that fom table 3 and "Fig.3" that the optimum value of the position of the slot with x-axis is -mm. IV. esults and simulation The esults of the poposed antenna ae shown in figues 4, 5, and 6. The esults include etun loss, gain, and VSWR. Thee is thee bands centeed at G,5.8G,and.68GHz with etun loss of.57db,-.884db, and -47.8dB espectively. The bandwidth of the thee bands as follow 3MHz, 8MHz, and GHz. This antenna be able to wok in thee bands of ada (C-band,X-band,and ku-band) with minimum loss DOI:.979/ Page

5 VSWR(dB) Tiple Band Micostip Patch Antenna with I Slot Fo Rada Altimete Applications Fig.5: Gain Total fo I slot patch antenna Fig.6: VSWR fo I Slot patch antenna V. Conclusion In this pape, Micostip patch antenna with I slot at 4.5GHz has been designed and simulated. Fom the esults this antenna seves wide band applications and it can be used as a basic element fo ada altimete antenna. It is coveed thee bands of ada as explained. The effects of vaiation in slot width and slot position on bandwidth and etun loss have been explained. The design of micostip antenna has been done using ANSOFT HFSS, MATLAB Pogam. Refeences []. Gustau, Fank. RF and Micowave Engineeing: Fundamentals of Wieless Communication (John Wiley & Sons, ). []. Sukhbi Kuma, Hitende Gupta, Design and Study of Compact and Wideband Micostip U- Slot Patch Antenna fo Wi-Max Application, IOSR Jounal of Electonics and Communication Engineeing, Volume 5, Issue,Ma-Ap 3. [3]. Avind Yadav, D. Kuldip Pahwa, Design & Paametic Study of Rectangula Slot Micostip Patch Antenna fo UWB Applications, IJEEE, Vol., Issue 3, 4. [4]. P. Kian, R. Chiamjeevi, T. Chaitanya Reddy, D. Sushma See B.V.V. Ravinda Babu and K. Jagadeesh Babu, A Tiband U- Slot Patch Antenna with Enhanced Bandwidth and Isolation fo MIMO Systems, Intenational Jounal of Enegy, Infomation and Communications, Vol.4, Issue 5, 3. [5]. Indu Bala Pauia, Sachin Kuma, Sandhya Shama, Design and Simulation of E-Shape Micostip Patch Antenna fo Wideband Applications, Intenational Jounal of Soft Computing and Engineeing, Volume., Issue 3, July. [6]. K.RamaDevi, A.Mallikajuna Pasad and A.Jhansi Rani, Design of A Pentagon Micostip Antenna fo Rada Altimete Application, Intenational Jounal of Web & Semantic Technology, Vol.3, No.4, Octobe. [7]. V.Hasha Ram Keethi, D.Habibullah Khan, and D.P.Sinivasulu, Design of C-Band Micostip Patch Antenna fo Rada Application Using IE3D, IOSR Jounal of Electonics and Communication Engineeing, Volume 5, Issue 3, Ma-Ap 3. [8]. Njei P. Waweu, D.B.O. Konditi, and P.K. Langat, Vaiation of Input Impedance with Feeding Position in Pobe and inset-fed Micostip Patch Antenna, Innovative Systems Design and Engineeing, Vol 3, No 7,. [9]. K. Mandal, S. Saka, and P.P. Saka, Bandwidth Enhancement of Micostip Antennas by Staggeing Effect, Micowave Opt. Technollett, Vol.53, No.,. DOI:.979/ Page