Realization of AC-AC Converter Using Matrix Converter

Transcription

1 World Applied Sienes Journal 29 (9): , 2014 ISSN IDOSI Publiations, 2014 DOI: /idosi.wasj Realization of AC-AC Converter Using Matrix Converter S. Subha Bharath University, Chennai-73, India Abstrat: The aim of this paper is to desribe work involved in investigations on the implementation of single phase matrix onverter (SPMC) as an AC-AC onverter subjeted to passive load onditions. The suessful implementation of the SPMC had been oneived, designed and realized by synthesizing the output using the well - known sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM) tehnique with IGBTs as power swithing devies. To show the validity of results, Simulations were done by means of the power system blok within the MATLAB/ SIMULINK software pakage. Key words: SPMC IGBT MATLAB SIMULINK INTRODUCTION Matrix onverter has been known to offer an "all silion" solution for AC-AC Conversion, removing the need for reative energy storage omponents used in onventional retifier-inverter based system.its topology was first proposed by Gyugyi in The iruit is arranged suh that any output lines of the onverter an be onneted to any input lines. The main purpose of this paper is to desribe the suessful implementation of the Fig. 1: Bidiretional Swith Module SPMC that had been oneived, designed and realised by synthesizing the output using the well-known SPWM The matrix onverter is a fored ommutated tehnique. onverter whih uses an array of ontrolled bidiretional swithes as the main power elements to reate a variable The SPMC: The SPMC requires 4 bi-diretional swithes output voltage system With unrestrited frequeny. It eah apable of onduting urrent in both diretions, does not have any d-link iruit and does not need any bloking forward and reverse voltages [1]. The IGBTs large energy storage elements. The matrix onverter has were used as power swithes whih ombines the positive several advantages over traditional retifier-inverter type attributes of BJTs and MOSFETs. BJTs have lower power frequeny onverters [2]. It provides sinusoidal ondution losses in the on-state, espeially in devies input and output waveforms, with minimal higher with larger bloking voltages, but have longer swithing order harmonis and no subharmonis; it has inherent bitimes, espeially at turn-off while MOSFETs an be turned diretional energy flow apability; the input power fator on and off muh faster, but their on-state ondution an be fully ontrolled. Last but not least, it has minimal losses are larger, espeially in devies rated for higher energy storage requirements, whih allows to get rid of bloking voltages. Hene, IGBTs have lower on-state bulky and lifetime-limited energy-storing apaitors. The voltage drop with high bloking voltage apabilities in key features of matrix onverter are Simple and ompat addition to fast swithing speeds. It is also popular power iruit, Generation of load voltage with arbitrary amongst researhers that ould lead to high-power amplitude and frequeny, Sinusoidal input and output appliations with reasonably fast swithing frequeny for urrents, Operation with unity power fator for any load, fine ontrol. Regeneration apability. Corresponding Author: S. Subha, Bharath University, Chennai-73, India. 1117

2 World Appl. Si. J., 29 (9): , 2014 Fig. 2: SPMC Ciruit Configuration Fig.2.1.1: State1 (Positive Cyle) The input and output voltage of SPMC is given by (1) and (2) respetively with loads represented in (3), vi( t) = 2Visin it vo( t) = 2Vosin ot (1) (2) Lio() t vo() t = Rio() t + (3) dt Swithing Strategies: Driver iruits are designed to generate the SPWM patterns that are used to ontrol the power swithes, omprising IGBTs in the SPMC iruit. The swithing angles, of the 4 bidiretional swithes sij (i = 1,2,3,4 and j = a, b)where 'a' and 'b' are representing driver one and two respetively. Fig.2.1.2: State2 (Negative Cyle) The Following Rules Are Then Applied: At any time't', only two swithes sij (i = 1, 4 and j = a) will be in 'ON' state Fig.2.1.3:.State3 (Positive Cyle) and ondut the urrent flow during positive yle of input soure (State 1) At any time't' only two swithes sij (i = 1, 4 and j = b) will be in 'ON' state and ondut the urrent flow during negative yle of input soure (State 2). At any time't' only two swithes Sij (i = 2, 3 and j = b) will be in 'ON' state and ondut the urrent flow during positive yle of input soure (State 3). At any time't' only two swithes sij (i = 2, 3 andj = a) Fig : State4 (Negative Cyle) will be in 'ON' state and ondut the urrent flow during negative yle of input soure (State 4) Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation: The sinusoidal pulse width modulation is ommonly used in industrial Sequene of Swithing Control: The output frequeny is appliations. The Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation synthesized in multiples of input frequeny of 50Hz (SPWM) is a well known wave shaping tehnique in (say 50Hz, 100Hz and 150Hz). The sequenes of swithing power eletronis [4]. For realisation, a high frequeny are dependent on the time interval and state of the driver triangular arrier signal, V, is ompared with a sinusoidal iruit [3]. referene signal, Vr of the desired frequeny [5-10]. Consider the output frequeny is 50 Hz. To ahieve The rossover points are used to determine the swithing this,when the supply voltage is positive the swith is in instants.the magnitude ratio of the referene signal (Vr) state 1(Sla and S4a are turned ON). On the other hand to that of the triangular signal (V) is known as the swithing state 2 are used during negative yle to modulation index (mi). The magnitude of fundamental produe the next half Cyle omponent of output voltage is proportional to mi. 1118

3 World Appl. Si. J., 29 (9): , 2014 Fig. 2.2: Sequene Of Swithing ontrol Fig. 4: Simulation model of SPMC Fig. 3: Formation Of SPWM The amplitude V of thetriangular signal is generally kept onstant. By varying the modulation index, the output voltage ould be ontrolled.the frequeny of referene signal fr determines the inverter output frequeny fo and its peak amplitude Ar ontrols the modulation index M and then in turn the RMS output voltage Vo. The number of pulses per half yle depends on the arrierfrequeny. Modelling of SPMC: Main model of SPMC onsists of bidiretional swith module and driver iruits. The multiplier unit in the driver iruit is used to vary the magnitude of the sampled sinusoidal referene signal in order to hange the modulation index of the SPWM. The modulation index input data is in the form of and integer ranging from 1 to 10. The output from the multiplier unit will then be used to ompare with the arrier signal, thus produing the required SPWM swithing signal [11-17]. The MATLAB model of the SPMC was developed by using the sim power system blok set. Bidiretional swith module is developed by interonneting two IGBT s. Computer simulation of SPMC is done using MATLAB SIMULINK and the orresponding results for R and RL load are obtained. Simulation parameters are explained in Fig. 5: Simulation Model of Driver Ciruit Fig 6. Simulation Model of Bi-Diretional Swith the table. Figure shows the developed model for SPMC by using MLS that performs the operation of a diret AC-AC onverter. RESULTS The SPMC was simulated with swithing strategy being implemented on all the four states and the results of SPMC model are shown in the below figures for 50Hz, 100Hz, 150Hz, that were synthesized from a supply operating at fundamental frequeny of 50Hz. The simulation model ould be used to study the behavior of 1119

4 World Appl. Si. J., 29 (9): , 2014 Carrier Frequeny Referene Frequeny Input Soure Ciruit Parameters 1 KHz 50Hz 50V Simulation Result of SPMC at f =150Hz with Resistive load RL load Output from Driver Ciruit Simulation Result of SPMC at f =50 Hz with Simulation Result of SPMC at f =50Hz for Resistive load Simulation Result of SPMC at f =100 Hz with RL load Simulation Result of SPMC at f =100Hz for Resistive load the SPMC as an AC-AC onverter under a variety of operating onditions, inluding different referene frequeny. Simulation Result of SPMC at f =150 Hz with RL load 1120

5 In this paper, a single-phase to single phase matrix onverter with passive load ondition and its advantages against the ommerial devies were presented. The SPMC iruit is designed and simulated whih does not require the d link as in the onventional model. The simulated output waveforms show the suessful implementation of the SPMC iruit in the MLS Software [18-21]. These simulated results of SPMC illustrates that it is feasible to realize the matrix onverter as a frequeny step-up onverter. Further works are required to implement low-pass filter at the output to ensure ontinuous waveforms that are desirable in atual appliations. Also when using with RL load, Undesirable spikes seem to appear with a reasonable degree of magnitude that requires elimination. This probably ould be solved using novel ommutation strategies 1. Vijayaragavan, S.P., B. Karthik, T.V.U. Kiran Kumar and M. Sundar Raj, Analysis of Chaoti DC-DC Converter Using Wavelet Transform, Middle-East Journal of Sientifi Researh, ISSN: , 16(12): Vijayaragavan, S.P., B. Karthik, T.V.U. Kiran Kumar and M. Sundar Raj, Roboti Surveillane For Patient Care In Hospitals, Middle-East Journal of SientifiResearh, ISSN: , 6(12): Vijayaragavan, S.P., T.V.U. Kiran Kumar and M. Sundar Raj, Study of effet of MAI and its redution in an OCDMA system, Middle-East Journal of Sientifi Researh, ISSN: , 16(12): Vijayaragavan, S.P., T.V.U. Kiran kumar and M. Sundar Raj, Study of Effet of Mai and its redution in an OCDMA System, Middle-East Journal of Sientifi Researh, ISSN: , 15(12): Abdollah Koei and Subbaraya Yuvarajan, Single-Phase AC-AC onverter Using Power Mosfet's, IEEE Transation on industrial Eletronis, 35(3): Biaajjerg, F., D. Casadei, C. Klumpner and Matteini, Comparision of two urrent modulation strategies for matrix onverters under unbalaned input voltage onditions, IEEE Transations on Industrial Eletronis, 49: World Appl. Si. J., 29 (9): , 2014 CONCLUSION 7. Cho, J.G. and G.H. Cho, Soft-swithed Matrix Converters for High Frequeny diret AC to AC Power Conversions, Int, J. Eletron. 72(4): Firdaus, S. and M.K. Hamzah, Modelling and Simulation of a single-phase AC-AC matrix onverter usig SPWM, Proeedings on Student Conferene on Researh and Development, 16-17, Gyugi, L. and B.R. Pelly, Stati Power Chargers, Theory, Performane and Appliation, John Wiley & Son In. 10. Hosseini, S.H. and E. Babaei, A new generalized diret matrix onverter, IEEE International Symposium of Industrial Eletronis, Pro.ISIE, 2: Klumpnetr, C., I. Boldea, P. Nieisen and F. Blaabjerg, A new matrix onverter - motor (MCM) for industry appliations, in Conf. re. IEEE - IAS Annu, Meeting, 2000, CD - ROM. 12. Klumpner, C., I. Boldea, P. Nieisen and F. Blaabjerg, REFERENCES New steps toward a low ost power eletroni building blok for matrix onverters, in Conf. Re. IEEE - IAS Annu. Meeting, CD - ROM. 13. Rashid, M.H., Power Eletronis Handbook, Aademi Press. 14. Oyama, J., T. Higuhi, E. Yamada, T. Koga and T. Lipo, New Control Strategies for Matrix onverter, IEEE Power Eletron. Spe. Conf. Re. pp: Sobezyk, T., Numerial Study of Control Strategies for Frequeny Converter with a Matrix Converter, Proeedings of Conferene on Power Eletronis and Motion Control, Warsaw, Poland, pp: Wheeler, P.W., J.C. Rodriguez, Clare, L. Empringhan and A. Weinstein, Matrixonverters: tehnologyreview, IEEE Transations OnIndustrial Eletronis, 49(2): Wheeler, P.W., J.C. Clare, L. Empringham, M. Bland and K.G. Kerris, Matrix onverters, IEEE Industry Appliations Magazine, 10(1): Sibghatullah Nasir, Mirofinane in India Contemporary Issues and Challenges. Middle-East Journal of Sientifi Researh, 15(2): Mueen Uddin, Asadullah Shah, Raed Alsaqour and Jamshed Memon, Measuring Effiieny of Tier Level Data Centers to Implement Green Energy Effiient Data Centers, Middle-East Journal of Sientifi Researh, 15(2):

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