A. The purpose of this experiment is to find out what material will protect a credit

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "A. The purpose of this experiment is to find out what material will protect a credit"

Willa Carter
5 years ago
Views:

1 I. What is RFID A. The purpose of this experiment is to find out what material will protect a credit card or tag from getting read by an RFID reader. What it means by read is the RFID scanner will send out radio waves in order to obtain personal information stored within a credit card, such as credit card information. It is good to know how to protect a credit card so a thief cannot walk by with a portable RFID scanner, and get information through a non-protection wallet. So, the purpose is to find what materials protect the best. The material that can protect the best could be used to make special wallets or sleeves, and this could potentially decline the situations that have to do with credit card theft. B. If materials such as aluminum foil, leather, cardboard, and plastic are tested to see which one will protect a card or tag from an RFID reader getting the information on it, then the aluminum foil will protect the card or tag the best. This is because radio waves from an RFID reader cannot pass through metal and activate the RFID chip found within a card or tag. When the radio waves are sent out, electric charges from the aluminum foil produce a wave of its own, canceling out the first radio wave signals sent. Therefore, there are no signals left to pass through the aluminum foil. C. In many places 1. In our body 2. In our cards 3. In our dogs

2 4. On our clothes 5. In cellular devices D. Parts 1. Tags a) Cards b) Key fobs 2. Antenna and reader E. How it works 1. Radio waves 2. Communication of tag and reader F. Uses in the world today 1. Stealing card information 2. Keeps track of inventory 3. Anti-theft 4. Product information 5. Technology II. Parts of RFID A. Tags and cards 1. Active tags a) Own power source b) Can be read from a far location 2. Passive tags

3 a) Does not require batteries b) Smaller design c) Longer life span d) Shorter read range 3. Cards a) Credit cards (1) May contain RFID chips (2) Stores credit card information (a) Thieves steal information (b) Info used to hack accounts b) Identification cards (1) Contains RFID chip (2) Stores personal data c) Passports (1) Contains an RFID chip (2) Chip contains personal data B. Reader/sender 1. Sends out signals to tag or card 2. Receives data from tag or card 3. Headquarters of RFID system 4. Activates RFID chip a) Sends signals to chip

4 b) Wakes up chip 5. Stores data from chip a) Data can be read on reader b) Data can be sent to computer c) Data can be used for meaningful uses C. Receiver 1. Receives the signals a) Antenna (1) Sender sends signal to chip (2) Chip sends signal to antenna (3) Antenna receives signal b) Data comes into receiver via antenna 2. Signal sorting a) Alarm signals b) Data sorted and stored D. Chip 1. Transmits information to receiver 2. Information picked up by a scanning antenna 3. Stores information a) Credit card numbers b) Telephone data c) Shipping/tracking information

5 III. What are radio waves and frequencies A. Radio waves 1. Cannot be heard 2. Electromagnetic 3. Travels 299,791,819 meters per second a) Speed of light b) Vibrations given off to reader as waves travel 4. Longest wavelengths in spectrum 5. Give signals to many electronics a) Radio b) Cell phones B. Frequencies 1. Low frequency a) Cheap b) Detect non-metallic substances c) Low power use d) Scan high water content (1) Fruit (2) Vegetables (some) 2. Ultra-high frequency a) High power use b) Transfer data fast

6 c) Better range d) Not properly functioning with liquid or metal 3. Shorter wavelength has longer range 4. Longer wavelength has shorter range 5. The frequency decides what material propagates RF signal IV. How RFID works A. Radio waves passing through materials 1. Pass through concrete a) Electrons are not free to move b) Rapidly changing electric/magnetic fields cannot be canceled out (1) Radio waves cannot be canceled out (2) Moving through the concrete 2. Metal or copper a) Electric field moves charges (1) Moves until no force is on the radio signals (2) The signal is now nothing, or zero (3) Cannot pass the copper/metal barrier b) Magnetic field change (1) Generates currents in conductors (a) Another magnetic field generated via copper (b) Both magnetic fields cancel each other out

7 (2) Magnetic radio waves cannot pass through copper B. How receiver works 1. Antennas attach to integrated circuit (IC) 2. Signals sent out to tag via reader a) Reader waits for backscatter/echo from tag b) Reader analyzes signals C. Antenna processes 1. Electric current hits antenna at 90 degrees degree to power passive tag D. Acoustic RFID 1. Radio signal a) Transmitted from input to electric acoustic waves (1) Spreads through vast surface (2) Experiences many reflective surfaces b) Acoustic returns form input (1) Changed into electrical signal (2) Connects to main antenna c) Space between reflectors and distance between starting input (1) Displays information (2) Information on radiated signal E. Gauss's Law a) Electric flux charge goes orthogonally through conductor

8 b) Electric charge cannot go straight through conductor F. Antenna and chip communication 1. Chip generates code a) Unique every time b) Made for specific tag 2. Antenna a) Catches incoming radio waves b) Sends signals back G. Radio frequency 1. Transmits energy through space 2. Carried by electricity and magnetism a) Vibrates through space b) Travels at light speed H. Electromagnetic Induction 1. Production of electromotive force a) Across a conductor b) Exposed to varying magnetic field 2. Faraday s law of induction a) Predict how magnetic field interacts with electric circuit b) How electromotive force is created I. Electromagnetic field 1. Physical field made by electrically charged objects

9 a) Effects behavior of charged objects b) In the same electric field 2. Extends all directions through space a) Describes electromagnetic interaction b) Wavelike propagation is needed to create a field V. Why it is important/uses in today s world A. Medical 1. Surgery 2. Detecting problems in body a) Cancer b) Tumors 3. Surgically embedded a) Humans (1) Obtain medical history with ease (2) Illegal in Georgia, California, North Dakota, Wisconsin, and Virginia. b) Pets (1) Track in case it runs off (2) Give information about the pet B. Businesses 1. Grocery store a) Inventory control

10 (1) Better view on inventory (2) Allows reduction of inventory b) Group Selection (1) Scans for the right items in group (2) Discards any unnecessary items 2. Clothing store a) Keep track of what is on shelves b) Shipment tracking c) Virtual dressing room (1) Clothing has chip (2) Clothing hooks up to computer (3) Person sees what they look like wearing product (a) Can leave reviews (b) Can leave comments C. Space Exploration 1. International space station 2. Use radio waves to know about stars a) composition b) motion c) structure VI. Conclusion A. Main points about RFID

11 1. Made up of tag, reader, antenna, chip 2. How radio waves and communications work a) Radio waves through concrete/copper b) Communications via card, chip, reader, and receiver B. Major application 1. Medical a) Surgery b) Tumor and cancer tracking 2. Business a) Inventory b) Shipment tracking c) Anti-theft 3. NASA space a) Locate objects in space b) Locates things in International Space Station

Wireless systems. includes issues of

Wireless systems. includes issues of Wireless systems includes issues of hardware processors, storage, peripherals, networks,... representation of information, analog vs. digital, bits & bytes software applications, operating system organization