PumpTech Customer Education
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1 PumpTech Customer Education Bellevue Moses Lake Canby
2 PumpTech Product Lines UL Listed Packaged Systems
3 Two full time Mechanical Engineers Licensed in OR & WA SolidWorks & E-Drawings Viewer AutoCad Compatible Drawings All Systems UL QCZJ Listed Designed to HI Standards
4 Manufacturing Facility Canby, OR
5 Installation, Maintenance & Repair 9 Full Time Service Technicians 3 Full Service Shops 6 Service Trucks 23 Ton Crane Truck 8 Ton Crane Truck 3 Ton Crane Truck 2 Ton Flatbed & Trailer 1 Ton Flatbed & Trailer
6 Pipeline
7 Joe Evans, Ph.D AC Power
8 Alternating Current What is Electricity? a fundamental Electricity is property really just of organized matter caused lightning. by the presence of electrons and protons, and manifesting itself as attraction, George repulsion, Carlin luminous & heating effects, and the like
9 Edison versus Westinghouse The Late 19th Century Fight Between DC & AC to Become the US Standard ( 'twas the watt that won ) W = V x A 1000 W = 1000 V x 1 A or 1 V x 1000 A War Of Currents
10 Common DC and AC Terms Volt - Unit of potential difference ( Pressure ) Ampere - Unit of current strength ( Flow ) Ohm - Unit of resistance ( Friction ) Watt - Unit of power (V x A) ( Flow X Pressure )
11 DC Power ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES Simplicity Voltage remains constant Follows Ohms Law Easily stored Voltage not easily changed High transmission losses over long distances at usable voltages
12 The DC Power Curve E = I R or I = E / R
13 AC Power ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES Induction Voltage can be changed easily Low transmission losses over long distances Frequency is variable Multiple phases More Complex Voltage varies with time Does not always follow Ohms Law
14 The Single Phase AC Curve +120 Effective Voltage RMS or Effective Voltage = X Peak Voltage Peak Voltage = X RMS or Effective Voltage
15 Three Phase Curve
16 AC Circuit Types Resistive (R) Inductive (L) Capacitive (C) RLC s Resists Flow Consumes & Returns Stores Energy Combination
17 AC Resistive Circuit Examples Electric Ranges, Irons & Incandescent Lights Follow Ohm s Law ( almost ) I = E / R
18 Resistive Circuit
19 Single Phase Resistive Curve Current & Voltage In Sync Voltage Current
20 AC Inductive Circuit Examples Electric Motors, Transformers & Solenoids Impedance ( Z ) replaces ( R ) in Ohm s Law I = E / Z where Z = R 2 + X 2 and X is inductive and / or capacitive reactance
21 Magnetic Induction
22 DC Induction Pump ED 101
23 Self Induction
24 Purely Inductive Circuit Pump ED 101
25 Purely Inductive Curve Current Lagging Voltage Voltage Current Inductive Reactance
26 Capacitive Circuits Examples Condensers, Piezoelectric Devices, Metal Oxide Semiconductors, True Capacitors
27 Purely Capacitive Load Capacitive Reactance
28 Power Factor Power Factor is an indication of how effectively an inductive device uses the power that is available in a circuit. It refers to the portion of the power in a circuit (building, plant, process etc) that can actually be used by electrical equipment compared to the total amount that is supplied by the utility. Expressed another way it is the power consumed (measured in watts) versus the total power available (measured in volt amps). But isn t a watt a volt-amp?
29 Power Factor Inductive Reactance
30 Power Factor A More Typical Lag
31 Capacitive Reactance The Power Factor Fix Current Lagging Voltage Voltage Current E = IZ E = I( R 2 + (X L - X C ) 2 )
32 Capacitive Reactance The Power Factor Fix
33 AC Power Transmission
34 What Is A Transformer? A device that increases or decreases AC voltage & current Operates through mutual induction Voltage change varies directly while current change varies inversely
35 Transformer Components Laminations Windings
36 How Transformers Work Mutual Induction Turns Ratio Voltage / Current Relationship
37 Mutual Induction
38 The Turns Ratio Turns Ratio = Tp / Ts
39 The Volt / Amp Relationship 10 : 1 Turns Ratio : 10 Vp = 1 Vs 1 Ap = 10 As 10 : 2 Turns Ratio : 10 Vp = 2 Vs 1 Ap = 5 As
40 Typical Power Supply Transformer
41 Adjustable Tap Transformer
42 Residential Transformer 87% / 58%
43 Three Phase Transformers Wound as 3 Single Phase Units on Single Core or 3 Individual Single Phase Units Windings Connected in Wye or Delta Configurations
44 Three Phase Transformers Why Wye? Why Delta? Wye connections offer multiple voltages Delta connections offer higher reliability There are four possible combinations Delta to Delta industrial applications Delta to Wye most common industrial / commercial 87% / 58% Wye to Delta high voltage transmission Wye to Wye rarely used (harmonics & balance)
45 Wye & Delta Connections 87% / 58% Delta / Wye
46 Wye & Delta Connections 240 V 240 V 240 V Phase to Phase = Phase Voltage X Phase to Phase = Phase Current X % Power (W) = E x I x x pf Open Delta
47 Wye & Delta Winding Failure Does not affect load voltage & current 58% Reduces One leg voltage 0 volts on & two legs at by 50%
48 Delta Mutants Center Tapped Delta 58% Open Delta (58%) Center Tapped Open Delta
49 3 Phase AC Characteristics WYE or Delta Connected Power ( W ) = E x I x x pf Motor Amps = ( HP x 746 ) / ( E x x eff x pf )
50 Good Online Content All About Circuits - Integrated Publishing EE Training Series - Electronics Tutorials - Siemens - Electrician s Toolbox - RLC Circuits Java Applet
51 Joe Evans, Ph.D AC Power
Pump ED 101. Alternating Current. Joe Evans, Ph.D
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