European Utility Week 2014 Amsterdam. Case Study Power Network 2030 Stettlen

Transcription

1 European Utility Week 2014 Amsterdam Case Study Power Network 2030 Stettlen Oliver Krone Head of Smart Grid Engineering BKW Energie AG - Switzerland 5 November 2014

2 Agenda BKW Group and Activities Motivation and Use Case Landis+Gyr S650 Smart Grid Terminal Field test in Stettlen Results Experiences BKW / Oliver Krone / European Utility Week page 2

3 BKW one of Switzerland's largest energy companies BKW Group in a nutshell Supplied inhabitants Private customers* > Business customers* Distribution partner 2' * Numbers based on contracts All data refers to 2013 The BKW Group covers all stages of energy supply: from production and transmission to trading and distribution. BKW / Oliver Krone / European Utility Week page 3

4 BKW Group Key Facts BKW Group Major shareholder: canton of Bern (52.5%) Number of employees (FTE): more than 3'100 Total operating revenue (2013): 2.7 Mia. CHF Electricity Sales (2013): 19.4 TWh BKW Generation Hydroelectric plants (1.5 GW) : 14 own / 17 shareholdings Nuclear power plants (800 MW) : 1 own / 3 shareholdings New renewables energy (1.1 GW) : 15 own / 1 shareholding BKW Grid Distribution Network: 1'124 km high voltage / 5'721 km medium voltage Number of stations: 72 substations / 5'600 transformer stations Percentage of cabled line length: 15% high voltage, 50% medium voltage, 90% low voltage BKW / Oliver Krone / European Utility Week page 4

5 BKW Vision 2030: leading Swiss energy service provider Develop Services as third pillar next to Generation and Grid BKW power flex: Cooperation with EnerNOC Virtual Power Plant / Industry Demand Side Management Virtual Power Plant BKW / Oliver Krone / European Utility Week page 5

6 Paradigm Shift in Distribution Network Operation EXISTING BKW / Oliver Krone / European Utility Week page 6

7 Use Case: Transformer Station Monitoring Motivation: Increasingly fluctuating and growing loading of distribution transformers Approach: continuous monitoring of power flow (loading), asymmetries, harmonics of voltage and current, à Generate messages for defined events and alarms in critical conditions Additionally: basic recording of continuity of supply and power quality In the long run: basis of information for planning, construction and operation of the distribution network (MV and LV) à detect room for improvement through targeted investments à increase quality of supply à reduce network losses BKW / Oliver Krone / European Utility Week page 7

8 Motivation for the Case Study Transformer Station Monitoring Trailing Pointers Solution is Simple Established Comparatively low-cost Not «smart» In use area-wide at many distribution network operators Insight limited to peak power within the readout interval without temporal information At BKW transformer stations are partly equipped with trailing pointers Power Quality Analysers Solution is Complex Innovative Comparatively expensive «smart» Currently tested in single research or pilot projects in selected network areas Provide new insights (load, power quality, harmonics, frequency, distribution losses, etc.) So far only few experience with power quality analysers at BKW Objective: gain experience in a limited test region BKW / Oliver Krone / European Utility Week page 8

9 Partnership BKW with Landis+Gyr Existing cooperation mainly for electricity meters and ripple control receivers BKW as major cantonal utility acts as reseller for L+G products to municipal utilities Gridstream Advanced Metering Network management Dynamic load management L+G's major product. It offers a flexible tailored solution for individual customer needs. Provides the controls the utilities need to manage energy better. Power Quality Information from our AMM solution optimise electricity network capacity. Load Management systems (Heat/ Water/charging stations etc. ) stand-alone or part of integrated solutions. Tools that empower customers to monitor and manage their energy consumption BKW / Oliver Krone / European Utility Week page 9

10 L+G S650 Smart Grid Terminal Development based on established meter platform Use of the same parameterisation tools Compatible to the communication portfolio Offers the standard billing functionalities Measure and Control at all accessible nodes in the low voltage network (LV distribution at transformer station, feeding points of DER, etc.) Smart Grid Applications (selection) Monitoring of voltages and currents Monitoring of symmetry and harmonics Additional digital inputs Extended event and alarm messages via SMS or via push to the AMR System BKW / Oliver Krone / European Utility Week page 10

11 Power Quality Functionalities Apart from the "classical" energy registers, several "smart" flow registers are available. This includes amongst others: Line voltages and currents (RMS), measured by phase U Lx I Lx Unbalance voltage and current Unbalance Voltage= Max( U Lx U av )/ U av 100 with U av = U L1 + U L2 + U L3 Unbalance Current= Max( I Lx I av with )/ I av 100 = I L1 + I L2 + I L3 /3 Harmonics, by filtering out of the fundamental THD U = U harm_l1 + U harm_l2 + U harm_l3 /3 U n with U harm_lx = U Lx U 50H THD I = I harm_l1 + I harm_l2 + I harm_l3 /3 I n with I harm_lx = I Lx I 50Hz Displacement power factor cosϕ, calculated by phase and average DisplPowerFactor Lx = P 50Hz_Lx / U 50Hz_Lx I 50Hz_Lx BKW / Oliver Krone / European Utility Week page 11

12 Selection of the test region Functional requirements for the study covering a variety of types of transformer stations to gain experience with installation and data communication à space restrictions at pole-mounted and compact stations à better GPRS antenna for some building-integrated stations including regions with large customers (industry) to be able to consider real load profiles of customers for a later analysis hosting several decentralised energy resources, ideally with power flow reversal over the transformer containing different network categories (rural, urban, suburban) Practical requirements for the pilot rather accessible location in case more interventions would be necessary reasonable number of transformers in the same feeder to limit the number of devices preferably stations owned by BKW (instead of local authorities) BKW / Oliver Krone / European Utility Week page 12

13 Pilot installation in the area of Stettlen (agglomeration of Bern) Substation feeder "Stettlen" (red) with 17 transformer stations, partly 2 transformers BKW / Oliver Krone / European Utility Week page 13

14 Installation example Transformer station S650 Meter Split-core CTs BKW / Oliver Krone / European Utility Week page 14

15 Results: Voltages line-to-ground 15 selected meters from July to September Typical observations of a load dominated suburban area Voltage band rather narrow ( %) with the exception of the station Wiedmatt, situated at the end of a longer overhead line (3.5%) BKW / Oliver Krone / European Utility Week page 15

16 Results: Loading of equipment 15 selected meters from July to September At the time, the stations were designed for electrical heating leading to rather big capacity reserves in summer Peaks happen often during night caused by ripple controlled warm water boilers BKW / Oliver Krone / European Utility Week page 16

17 Results: Voltage Unbalance by weekday 15 selected meters from July to September Voltage unbalance in average below 0.3%, outliers below 0.6% Big spread between the station (median of around 0.05 to around 0.25) No obvious difference between workday and weekend, rather smaller towards weekend BKW / Oliver Krone / European Utility Week page 17

18 Results: Voltage Harmonics by weekday 15 selected meters from July to September, voltages of the harmonics of phase L1 THDu in average below 2% (=4.6V), outliers below 3% Noticeable differences between the stations, similar behaviour of neighbouring transformers General remarkable increase towards Saturday and Sunday BKW / Oliver Krone / European Utility Week page 18

19 Usability in Network Planning Network Planning Network planning requires an appropriate knowledge of the network. Knowledge Evaluating data on the networks is one way to improve the knowledge. Data Measurements may be an adequate way to get more data. Measurements needs Problem: No PQ-measurements in MV and LV networks (except substation feeders). needs BKW / Oliver Krone / European Utility Week page 19 needs Possible Impact of Measurements with S650 on network planning: Improved dimensioning of MV/LV-transformers Improved dimensioning of MV-lines concerning - Thermal rating - Voltage drop (or rise) Improved evaluation of potential use of OLTC, reactive power control, etc. But it is difficult to compare the measurements due to missing conformity of S650 to common standards concerning PQ measurement

20 Alternative representation: Control room view (near real-time) BKW / Oliver Krone / European Utility Week page 20

21 Experiences and Outlook Exemplarily for a smart future, this case study underlined the necessity to bring together a variety of players, mainly from: Metering and remote data acquisition Network planning and engineering "There is no such thing as a free lunch" Although only required at points of common coupling to customers, a full EN power quality report would be useful for comparability, but requires a more complex hardware. Basic information from S650 is sufficient to identify hot-spots to be investigated in detail. Network planning needs knowledge, which can be improved by measurements Improved dimensioning of equipment Improved evaluation of potential for smart solutions (e.g. OLTC) Understanding of these challenges and compromises allows BKW to offer these experiences with installation and exploitation as services to other utilities. BKW / Oliver Krone / European Utility Week page 21