Communications Policy and ITS in Japan

Transcription

1 ES 02 Communications Policy and ITS in Japan 10 October 2007 MORI Takashi Director for Land Mobile Communications Radio Department, Tele Bureau Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications, Japan

2 Contents - Development of Radio Systems in Japan - Radiowave Media in ITS - VICS and ETC -DSRC - Telematics - Large-scale demonstration tests - New spectrum for ITS

3 Contents - Development of Radio Systems in Japan - Radiowave Media in ITS - VICS and ETC -DSRC - Telematics - Large-scale demonstration tests - New spectrum for ITS

4 Development of Radio Systems in Japan Japan s radio spectrum use has dramatically expanded, both in quality and quantity. Approx. 104 million stations Next-generation mobile communication system, mobile, office, mobile home 5,118 stations Approx million stations approx million approx. 102 million Radio that have continuous access to the Internet at anytime upon request Radio that can be used in conjunction with mobile phones and wireless LANs Alternative system to cable broadband Mobile stations: 4,195 Fixed stations: 552 Broadcast stations: 80 Others: 291 approx million approx million approx million approx. 0.1 million approx million approx million Radio that can provide networks at lower costs in areas not suitable for wired broadband Safe and secure ITS 人工衛星局 先行車 側方車 Marine Marine 1950 Broadcast Broadcast Local government Emergency Emergency Fire stations, etc. The public sector is the primary user of the radio spectrum for ship and aviation, broadcasting, and emergency 地球局 1985 地球局 Satellite Satellite Radio spectrum use increases as the private sector is allowed to enter the tele business 地球局 Fixed microline Fixed microline Growth began in the mid 90s Move to digital allows launch of new services like Mobile Mobile phones phones Internet access realized via wireless access points installed in homes and various public locations June 2007 Wireless LAN Wireless LAN Launch of more diverse services such as TV phones Explosive growth in personal portable radio stations led by mobile phones ~100m 側方車 Radio that can establish ad-hoc instantly Next-generation information appliances, home networks Short-range radio that can establish interconnections more easily than wired In the Future Increase in new radio spectrum demand due to next-generation mobile communication and other systems 1

5 Contents - Development of Radio Systems in Japan - Radiowave Media in ITS - VICS and ETC -DSRC - Telematics - Large-scale demonstration tests - New spectrum for ITS

6 Radiowave Media in ITS Broadcasting Type Wide Area (Broadcast) FM multiplex broadcasting (Terrestrial Digital Broadcasting) -VICS- (Vehicle Information and Communications System) Communication Type Wide Area (Interactive) Mobile Phone Public service providing traffic information GPS Car ahead ~100m Sensor Type In-vehicle millimeter wave radars(60,76ghz) Millimetri c wave Cars on both sides Communications between cars ETC / DSRC Short Range ETC : Electronic Toll Collection DSRC : Dedicated Short Range Communication Interactive wireless communication DSRC Road-side antenna IC card OBU ITS for the pedestrians using RFID, etc There is a step. Will change lanes Too close Parking-lot control system Automated gate operations/vehicle guidance Filling station 60 liters 5,500 yen. 2

7 Contents - Development of Radio Systems in Japan - Radiowave Media in ITS - VICS and ETC -DSRC - Telematics - Large-scale demonstration tests - New spectrum for ITS

8 What s VICS and ETC? What s VICS? A groundbreaking tele system that sends out real-time traffic congestion information and traffic control information, edited and processed in the VICS Center, through various mediums. The information is displayed in text and graphics on car navigation systems and other onboard units. VICS information is provided 24 hours a day throughout the year. What s ETC? The ETC system collects payment at toll roads without stopping the vehicle by using wireless communication between the tollbooth and the onboard unit. Information collection Road Administrator JARTIC Prefectural police department Information processing VICS Center Information provision Information utilization radio beacon (highway) 64kbps Car navigation, etc. optical beacon (main road) 1Mbps FM multiplex broadcasting (wide areas) 16kbps Level I: Text Information Level II: Simple Graphic Information Level III: Mapped Information 3

9 The situation of spread of VICS and ETC units in Japan VICS Total Number of Shipped VICS System Equipment Total Number of All Shipped VICS System March, million ETC Total Number of Shipped ETC OBUs million Jun-96 Dec-96 Jun-97 Dec-97 Jun-98 Dec-98 Jun-99 Dec-99 Jun-00 Dec-00 Jun-01 Dec-01 Jun-02 Dec-02 Jun-03 Dec-03 Jun-04 Dec-04 Jun-05 Dec-05 Jun-06 Dec-06 ~Jan-01 Apr-01 Jun-01 Aug-01 Oct-01 Dec-01 Feb-02 Apr-02 Jun-02 Aug-02 Oct-02 Dec-02 Feb-03 Apr-03 Jun-03 Aug-03 Oct-03 Dec-03 Feb-04 Apr-04 Jun-04 Aug-04 Oct-04 Dec-04 Feb-05 Apr-05 Jun-05 Aug-05 Oct-05 Dec-05 Feb-06 Apr-06 Jun-06 Aug-06 Oct-06 Dec-06 Feb-07 Apr-07 Jun-07 Aug-07 million thousand Total Number of All Shipped ETC OBUs Total Number of Newly Shipped ETC OBUs August, million

10 Contents - Development of Radio Systems in Japan - Radiowave Media in ITS - VICS and ETC -DSRC - Telematics - Large-scale demonstration tests - New spectrum for ITS

11 VALID FROM GOOD THRU New Services using DSRC System Credit company Post office/bank Security/certification authority VICS by DSRC CREDIT CARD XX/XX/XX XX/XX/XX KEN YAMADA IC card Latest traffic information was received. Expressway Tollgate (ETC system) The charge from XX Interchange is 3,000 yen. On-board device AHS-i Oncoming car approach information The oncoming car is approaching!! Parking-lot control system Automated gate operations/vehicle guidance Contract No. 324 confirmed. 13:18. Charging settlement system 60 liters 5,500 yen. Filling station Cargo physical distribution (PD) management system Distribution center AHS: Advanced Cruise-Assist Highway Systems IC card 5

12 Technical Specifications of DSRC in Japan DSRC Frequency band System Occupied bandwidth Channel Downlink Modulation Data rate Uplink Communication Maximum Power supplied to Antenna Active system 4.4MHz 7 7 ASK,QPSK (ETC ; ASK only) 1Mpbs/ASK 4Mbps/QPSK (ETC ; 1Mbps only) Base Station 300mW 5.8GHz band TDMA/FDD Mobile Station 10mw ISM Amateur Service DSRC Fixed Satellite 6485 Fixed Micro Wave Broadcast Auxiliary Service [MHz] Downlink Uplink Characteristics of DSRC - High data rate - Suitable for rapid movement - Suitable for multiple lanes DSRC ETC ETC MHz # #2 #3 #4 #5 #6 #7 #1 #2 #3 #4 #5 #6 # MHz 6

13 Contents - Development of Radio Systems in Japan - Radiowave Media in ITS - VICS and ETC -DSRC - Telematics - Large-scale demonstration tests - New spectrum for ITS

14 Telematics Services Private sector services started in 1997 in Japan Automobile Service Applications (Over 1,500,000 units in service today) Names of Telematics Service G-BOOK ALPHA - G-BOOK mx TOYOTA, MAZDA, SUBARU, DAIHATSU G-Link LEXUS CARWINGS NISSAN InterNAVI PremiumClub HONDA 7

15 Increased Speed of Mobile Telephones for the Advancement of Telematics All commercial telematics today use mobile phones as communication media With base stations installed across Japan, assured communication is possible Costs are reasonable, and most spread wireless media Relatively large size data transmission is possible (Especially 3G) Necessity for the Sophistication of Telematics Diversification of data to be transmitted and increase in data volumes Sophistication of mobile phones and development of new wide area wireless system 8

16 Frequency Allocation for 3G Mobile Phone - The license guideline has been decided in July 2005 for 1.7GHz and 2GHz bands which were newly available for mobile phone, after the committee draft of future spectrum management of mobile phone and development through public comments and committee report from the Radio Regulatory Council. - MIC received the applications for the plan from August to September in 2005, three new operators authorized in November. - The new frequency allocation plan has been provided in December 2006 after the discussion at the Tele Council about technical requirements for 1.5GHz frequency bands in February 2006 in order to meet the increasing demands for the 3G. - Based on this report, technical standards was provided in May 2007 and the license guideline will be decided in future. FDD system TDD system 700MHz 800MHz 900MHz 1.5GHz 1.7GHz 2.0GHz 2.0GHz 2.5GHz Used for PDC (2G) and 3G Used for PDC (2G) Currently Deploying for 3G Current Future 700MHz NTT DoCoMo KDDI Shift/Convergence For 3G deployment 800MHz 900MHz To be used as pair bands after July 2012 NTT DoCoMo KDDI SoftBank Reallocating frequencies For 3G deployment Technical Standards provided in May,2007. Guidance for spectrum allocation is to be decided. Assigned to cope with spectrum congestion NTT DoCoMo New entrant emobile For 3G deployment Assign to cope with spectrum congestion NTT DoCoMo KDDI SoftBank New entrant ip mobile For 3G deployment For introduction of BWA Technical Standards provided in May,2007. Application period of development plan is Sep 16 Oct 12,2007 9

17 (million) August 2007 Number of subscribers -Mobile phones: Approx. 98,877,800 units -Mobile IP connection service: Approx. 86,245,600 units -IMT-2000: Approx. 77,840,800 units Changes in the number of mobile phone subscribers ~TCA investigation~ 87.2% Start of i-mode, EZ-web and J-Sky service Start of IMT-2000 service 78.7 % IMT-2000 Can connect with Internet Number of mobile phone subscribers (FY)

18 Spectrum for Future Mobile Communications ITU WRC :World Radiocommunication conference 2007 (22 October-16 November 2007, Geneva, Switzerland) One of the important agendas: Frequency Allocation for International Mobile Telecommunication (IMT) Spectrum needed for mobile - Additional global spectrum: approximately 1GHz (High user demand case) (References: Report ITU-R M.2078(September 2007)& ITU CPM Report(March 2007)) 11

19 Contents - Development of Radio Systems in Japan - Radiowave Media in ITS - VICS and ETC -DSRC - Telematics - Large-scale demonstration tests - New spectrum for ITS

20 Targets the IT New Reform Strategy (IT Strategic Headquarters, January 2006) The world s safest road traffic environment - Reducing traffic fatalities to 5,000 or below - Reduce the number of traffic fatalities and serious injuries by deploying Cooperative Driving Safety Support Systems. Policies 1.Form a joint committee from the public and private sectors in early 2006 to work towards the realization of Cooperative Driving Safety Support Systems with the goal of preventing traffic accidents, investigate the best form of effective services/systems including comparisons of the characteristics of various communication media, and investigate the content of verification experiments. 2.Based on the results of the above investigations, conduct large-scale verification testing of Driving Safety Support Systems through collaboration between the public and private sectors on the selected regional public roads while maintaining harmony with local traffic patterns, investigate the best form of effective service systems, and make quantitative assessments of the contribution to reductions in traffic accidents by FY Deploy Driving Safety Support Systems throughout the country with a focus on sites where traffic accidents occur frequently and promote the widespread use of on-board equipment that are compatible with those systems by FY Develop through collaboration between the public and private sectors the technologies necessary for interactive systems for pedestrians, roads, and vehicles that will contribute to reductions in the number of pedestrian fatalities by FY

21 Promotion Framework and Progress of Studies Under the New IT Reform Strategy Framework ITS Promotion Council (ITS-Safety Safety 2010) The New IT Reform Strategy stipulated that form a joint committee from the public and private sectors in early 2006 investigate the form of effective services/systems. In April 2006 the ITS Promotion Council and Working group was established with the Cabinet Secretariat (IT Policy Office) as the coordinator and its members are now examining large-scale demonstration tests. [Members] 4 ITS-related agencies/ministries (NPA, MIC, METI, MLIT), Cabinet Secretariat, Nippon Keidanren (Japan Business Federation), ITS Japan, Progress of studies First Meeting (April 2006) Second Meeting (August 2006) Third Meeting (March 2007) Compiled The form of the demonstration tests for the Implementation of Driving Safety Support Systems report Driving Driving Safety Safety Support Support System System Platform Platform Driving Driving safety safety support support systems systems can can be be categorized categorized into into the the following following three three systems: systems: (1) (1) Road-to-vehicle Road-to-vehicle communication communication systems: systems: systems systems that that obtain obtain information information through through radio radio with with roadside roadside devices devices and, and, when when necessary, necessary, give give information, information, cautions, cautions, and and warnings warnings to to drivers drivers (2) (2) Vehicle-to-vehicle Vehicle-to-vehicle communication communication systems: systems: systems systems in in which which vehicles vehicles obtain obtain information information through through radio radio with with devices devices mounted mounted in in other other vehicles vehicles and and that, that, when when necessary, necessary, give give information, information, cautions, cautions, and and warnings warnings to to drivers drivers (3) (3) Intercommunication Intercommunication systems systems between between pedestrians, pedestrians, roads, roads, and and vehicles vehicles (pedestrian (pedestrian communication communication systems): systems): systems systems that that identify identify the the position position of of pedestrians pedestrians and and convey convey their their positions positions to to vehicles vehicles and and roadside roadside devices devices by by radio radio 13

22 ITS-Safety 2010: Organization ITS Promotion Council Working Group ITS Japan Cabinet Secretariat Field Operations Test WG Toyota, Nissan, Honda, Mazda NPA MIC MIC METI Road Bureau, MLIT Road Transport Bureau, MLIT Japan Business Federation 14

23 The verification tests of Driving Safety Support Systems by MIC Investigations and verifications for the practical use of driving safety support telecommunication systems ( [scheduled]) (FY2007: 530 million budgeted) Overview: In actual environments, verify the effectiveness of a number of radio spectrum media in vehicle-to-vehicle communication systems and road-to-vehicle communication systems that support safe driving. Contribute to pre-testing in FY2007 and large-scale demonstration tests in FY2008 Case 1: Rear-end collisions Case 2: Collisions with oncoming vehicles The 車車間通信により見えない system obtains information on 前方の停止車 低速走行車両 unseen cars ahead that are stopped or traveling slowly via vehicle-to-vehicle 情報を入手 The system provides the driver with 前方に停止車 低速走行車が information, cautions, or warnings いることをドライバに情報提 about the slow or stopped car ahead and 供 注意喚起 警報 制動制御 controls braking とまれとまれ The 車車間通信により 接 system obtains information on nearby cars via vehicle-tovehicle 近車両の情報を入手 The 直交道路上を走行中の system provides information, cautions, 車両に対する情報提供 or warnings to cars traveling 注意喚起 警報 制動制 on crossroads and controls braking 御 Sends 停止車 低速走行 vehicle information 中の車両情報を送信 when stopped or traveling slowly 自車位置等の情報を送信 Sends own position and other information とまれ 状況 : 追突 Situation: Rear-end collision Locations: 場所 Single-lane : 単路 交差点 roads, intersections 違反項目 : 安全運転義務違反 Situation: Collision with oncoming 状況 : 出会い頭衝突 traffic 場所 Locations: : 一時停止交差点 Controlled intersections, 信号なし 一時停止なし交差点 intersections without signal 違反項目 : 安全運転義務違反 lights, uncontrolled intersections 15

24 Contents - Development of Radio Systems in Japan - Radiowave Media in ITS - VICS and ETC -DSRC - Telematics - Large-scale demonstration tests - New spectrum for ITS

25 Digital Dividend MIC, MIC, based on on the the Radio Policy Vision (July (July Tele Council Report), has has been been implementing a variety of of measures for for optimizing this this limited and and precious resource. The The measures include thorough reviews of of the the frequency assignment system and and the the spectrum user user fee fee system, development of of new new open open spectrum systems, and and promotion of of research and and development. Regarding the the review of of frequency assignment among these these measures, an an extensive radio radio spectrum reallocation that that involves a wide wide range of of services, such such as as mobile services and and broadcasting services, including the the digitalization of of terrestrial TV TV broadcast slated for for 2011, 2011, is is expected. the the committee has has examined technical requirements for for efficient use use of of the the portions of of the the VHF/UHF band band frequencies that that will will be be vacated due due to to digitalization of of terrestrial TV TV broadcasts, and and it it has has now now compiled a partial report. [Present] 370MHz 90~108 MHz (1~3ch) Analog TV broadcasting 170~222 MHz (4~12ch) Analog TV broadcasting 470~770 MHz (13~62ch) Analog TV broadcasting Digital TV broadcasting 12MHz 18MHz 52MHz After July MHz 48MHz Broadcasting other than TV Mobile radio communication or broadcasting other than TV Digital TV broadcasting (13~52ch) Mobile radio communication (55~62ch) Mobile radio communication or broadcasting other than TV (53,54ch) Issue to be considered: Develop specific plans for the use of radio spectrum amounting to 130MHz which will be open for reallocation by digitalization of terrestrial rial TV broadcasting. 16

26 Radio Policy Vision 3.1 Mid-to-long-term outlook on radio spectrum use and roles for policies (Radio Spectrum Policy Vision) (Report by the Tele Council on July 30, 2003) Digital terrestrial TV broadcasts use frequencies more efficiently than their analog counterparts. Thus, once analog and simulcast broadcasts end (in 2011 for the VHF band and in 2012 for the UHF band), a number of frequencies will be available for reallocation to meet new frequency demands. Of these, frequencies in the UHF band (the 700 MHz band) are applicable to the mobile sector. Therefore, these frequencies should be assigned to mobile communication systems, where demand is growing rapidly. A policy should be provided for assigning VHF band frequencies to address new frequency demands after ascertaining in detail the nature of new frequency demands in reference to future needs and technical trends in digital audio broadcasting and mobile. Overview of the Radio Policy Vision Basic roles of radio spectrum use Quality of life Industrial/economic activities Safe and secure society/country Local economy Mid-to-long-term outlook for spectrum use Realization of a wireless broadband environment More spectrum applications in homes, business, medicine/social welfare, security Expansion of radio-related industries Mid-to-long-term outlook for radio policy Mid-to-long-term goals (in 5 to 10 years) Realization of a ubiquitous network society Ensuring national security through diversified networks Fostering a competitive wireless ICT industry Desirable radio policies Dynamic review of of spectrum allocation Policies for frequency reallocation and spectrum use Reform of of the spectrum user fee Facilitating smooth prevalence of of radio equipment Promotion of of R&D Enhancing international strategy Building a safer and more secure environment for radio spectrum use Realization of a ubiquitous network society through construction of wireless broadband environment 17

27 Application & Scenarios We received 149 proposals for radio communication systems They were divided into 4 main categories Broadcasting Private Communications ITS Tele Mobile programming for 携帯端末向け portable terminals モバイル番組 Control station Emergency 災害情報 information ニュース News Command station Command station Provide information at intersecting roads Available いつでも anytime, どこでも anywhere Watch 電車の中で sports while on スポーツ観戦 the train Command station While 歩きながら walking As evidenced by the rapid expansion of one-seg mobile phones, mobile digital broadcast services have the potential for huge growth as a new form of broadcast business Secure frequencies for mobiledevice multimedia broadcasting applications Many new operators wish to enter this field In addition to narrowband systems that primarily carry conventional voice, there is demand for broadband wireless systems that can provide faster and more detailed information about disaster-struck locations Secure frequencies for broadband mobile communication systems used for safety and security applications Great demand from local governments, police, and fire departments Expectations are mounting for the early implementation of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) including driving safety support systems that aim to prevent traffic accidents Secure frequencies for systems that prevent oncoming traffic collisions using vehicle-tovehicle Japan is in a leadership position since there is no specific movement in the VHF/UHF band in Europe and North America Increasing demands for frequencies are arising due to the expanded use of advanced applications over and above voice and the increases in mobile-phone subscribers that have exceeded past demand predictions Secure frequencies to address frequency demands caused by growing numbers of mobile phones and other portable devices Great demand from current mobile-phone carriers 18

28 Effective Spectrum Use which will be available after completion of digitization of terrestrial TV broadcasting 90~108MHz (1~3ch) Analog TV Broadcasting 170~222MHz (4~12ch) Analog TV Broadcasting 470~770MHz (13~62ch) Analog TV Broadcasting Digital TV Broadcasting After digitization Digital TV Broadcasting (13~52ch) Tele Council Report (June 27, 2007) 90~108MHz 170~222MHz 710~770MHz Self-owned Self-owned (to (to preserve preserve security security and and safety) safety) Broadcasting Broadcasting (multi-media (multi-media mobile mobile broadcasting broadcasting etc.) etc.) ITS Tele Tele (cellular (cellular phones phones etc.) etc.) 19

29 Thank you! Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications