Atlanta RF Services, Software & Designs. Insertion Loss: Double Ridge Waveguide
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1 1 Insertion Loss: Double Ridge Waveguide
2 Presentation Content Insertion Loss of Double Ridge Waveguide (WRD) 1.Introduction: Insertion Loss of Double Ridge Waveguide 2. Electrical & Physical Data for standard Double Ridge Waveguide. 3. Some RF Components in Double Ridge Waveguide. 4. Insertion Loss Calculation: Ridge Waveguide. 5. Insertion Loss versus Frequency: OFHC Copper & Aluminum alloy a. WRD-180D24: 18 to 40 GHz. b. WRD-110D24: 11 to 26.5 GHz. c. WRD-750D24: 7.5 to 18 GHz. d. WRD-650D28: 6.5 to 18 GHz. e. WRD-475D24: 4.75 to 11 GHz. f. WRD-250D30: 2.6 to 7.8 GHz. g. WRD-200D24: 2 to 4.8 GHz. 6. Summary: WRD Insertion Loss. 7. Software Product Data Sheet: WRDguide. 2
3 Note: 1 x 10-8 Ohm-meter = 1 x 10-6 Ohm-cm = 1 micro-ohm-cm. 3 Introduction Insertion Loss of Double Ridge Waveguide 1. Double Ridge Waveguide is available in various physical sizes, based on the operating frequency range needed for the RF system. 2. The double ridge waveguide s ridge width: S and ridge gap: D strongly determine its operating bandwidth and insertion loss level. 3. The operating frequency bandwidth ratio of double ridge waveguide is often in the range: F low / F high = 2.4:1 to 3.0:1. A. For example, standard WRD-750 operates across the frequency range: 7.5 to 18 GHz, so its bandwidth ratio = 18/7.5 = 2.4 WRD-750D24. B. Standard WRD-250 operates across the frequency range: 2.6 to 7.8 GHz, so its frequency bandwidth ratio = 7.8/2.6 = 3.0 WRD-250D Most double ridge waveguide is fabricated (machined or extruded) from 6061 aluminum alloy or Oxygen Free High Conductivity (OFHC) copper whose electrical resistivity = 4 x 10-8 Ohm-meter or 1.7 x 10-8 Ohm-meter, respectively. These electrical resistivities are used in the Insertion Loss graphs which follow.
4 Electrical & Physical Data for Standard Double Ridge Waveguide MIL-DTL- Frequency TE10 Mode TE20 Mode RF Power Rating WRD WRD Ridge Ridge Wall Range Cut-off Cut-off (One Atmosphere) Width Height Width Gap Thick, WRD Size Dash No. (GHz) Freq, GHz Freq, GHz CW (kw) Peak (kw) A, Inch B, Inch S, Inch D, Inch Inch WRD-200D WRD-250D WRD-350D24 WRD-475D24 WRD-500D WRD-580D WRD-650D WRD-700D WRD-750D24 WRD-110D24 WRD-180D
5 Some RF Components in Double Ridge Waveguide (and many others too) WRD Ferrite Circulator End Launched Adaptor Cross-Guide Coupler Extruded Copper Double Ridge Waveguide WRD Termination Dual Loop Coupler Extruded Aluminum Double Ridge Waveguide 5 4-port Magic Tee
6 Insertion Loss Calculation: Ridge Waveguide The insertion loss of ridge waveguide is calculated as: where: and: Source: The Design of Ridge Waveguide, S. Hopfer, IRE-MTT, Vol. 3, No. 10, Oct
7 Insertion Loss, db/100 Feet 52 Insertion Loss: WRD-180D24 Double Ridge W/G (18 to 40 GHz) FC10 = GHz FC20 = GHz Dimensions: Width, A = 0.288" Height, B = 0.134" Ridge, S = 0.072" Gap, D = 0.057" Aluminum Resistivity: 4 micro-ohm-cm Copper Resistivity: 1.7 micro-ohm-cm Frequency, GHz 7
8 Insertion Loss, db/100 feet 24 Insertion Loss: WRD-110D24 Double Ridge W/G (11 to 26.5GHz) FC10 = GHz FC20 = GHz Dimensions: Width, A = 0.471" Height, B = 0.219" Ridge, S = 0.118" Gap, D = 0.093" Aluminum Resistivity: 4 micro-ohm-cm Copper Resistivity: 1.7 micro-ohm-cm Frequency, GHz 8
9 Insertion Loss, db/100 feet 15 Insertion Loss: WRD-750D24 Double Ridge (7.5 to 18 GHz) FC10 = GHz FC20 = GHz Dimensions: Width, A = 0.691" Height, B = 0.321" Ridge, S = 0.173" Gap, D = 0.136" Aluminum Resistivity: 4 micro-ohm-cm Copper Resistivity: 1.7 micro-ohm-cm Frequency, GHz 9
10 Insertion Loss, db/100 feet 16 Insertion Loss: WRD-650D28 Double Ridge (6.5 to 18 GHz) FC10 = GHz FC20 = GHz Dimensions: Width, A = 0.720" Height, B = 0.321" Ridge, S = 0.173" Gap, D = 0.101" Aluminum Resistivity: 4 micro-ohm-cm Copper Resistivity: 1.7 micro-ohm-cm Frequency, GHz 10
11 Insertion Loss, db/100 feet Insertion Loss: WRD-475D24 Double Ridge (4.75 to 11 GHz) FC10 = GHz Dimensions: Width, A = 1.090" Height, B = 0.506" Ridge, S = 0.272" Gap, D = 0.215" FC20 = GHz Aluminum Resistivity: 4 micro-ohm-cm Copper Resistivity: 1.7 micro-ohm-cm Frequency, GHz 11
12 Insertion Loss, db/100 feet Insertion Loss: WRD-250D30 Double Ridge W/G (2.6 to 7.8 GHz) FC10 = GHz Aluminum Resistivity: 4 micro-ohm-cm Copper Resistivity: 1.7 micro-ohm.cm FC20 = GHz Dimensions: Width, A = 1.655" Height, B = 0.715" Ridge, S = 0.440" Gap, D = 0.150" Frequency, GHz 12
13 Insertion Loss, db/100ft 2.0 Insertion Loss: WRD-200D24 Double Ridge W/G (2 to 4.8 GHz) FC10 = GHz FC20 = GHz 1.8 Dimensions: Width, A = 2.590" Height, B = 1.205" Ridge, S = 0.648" Gap, D = 0.512" Aluminum Resistivity: 4 micro-ohm-cm Copper Resistivity: 1.7 micro-ohm-cm Frequency, GHz 13
14 Insertion Loss, db/100 feet 25 Insertion Loss of several Double Ridge Waveguides 20 WRD-110D WRD-750D WRD-200D24 WRD-475D Frequency, GHz Double Ridge Waveguide Dimensions Operating Frequency Height Width Ridge Gap WRD Size Start, GHz Stop, GHz A, Inch B, Inch S, Inch D, Inch WRD-200D WRD-475D WRD-750D WRD-110D WRD-180D
15 15 Summary Insertion Loss of Double Ridge Waveguide 1. The insertion loss of popular double ridge waveguide, which operates across the frequency range: 2 GHz thru 40 GHz, is graphed based on its fabrication from 2 popular base metals: 6061 aluminum alloy and OFHC copper. 2. The insertion loss profile of double ridge waveguide is not monotonic versus frequency, which contrasts the monotonic insertion loss profile produced by standard rectangular waveguide versus frequency. 3. The electrical performance, including insertion loss, thru standard and custom-designed double ridge and single ridge waveguide, can be calculated using s software product: WRDguide.
16 Software: Double Ridge Waveguide Where Synthesis enables Analysis Software Product: WRDguide Software offers RF/microwave CAE software product: WRDguide, which performs dimensional synthesis and analysis of Double Ridge and Single Ridge Waveguide, and includes the following product features: 1. Synthesis of physical dimensions from User-selected WRD Impedance: a) Power-Voltage Impedance: Z(P,V). b) Voltage-Current Impedance: Z(V,I). c) Power-Current Impedance: Z(P,I) perhaps the best choice! 2. Analysis of Impedances from known ridge waveguide dimensions. 3. Sensitivity Analysis of Impedance to: a) Waveguide width: A. b) Waveguide Height: B. c) Ridge Gap: D. d) Ridge Width: S. 4. Response profile versus Frequency of: a) WRD Impedance: Z(P,V), Z(V,I) and Z(P,I) versus Frequency. b) Guide wavelength versus Frequency. c) Conductor losses versus Frequency (Resistivity & Surface Roughness). d) Unloaded Q (Qu) versus Frequency. 5. Percent of RF power between the Ridge Gap: D. 6. Default values for each User-entered input data. 7. Output Data stored on your hard drive for graphical plots. Software product: WRDguide can readily synthesize & analyze all standard Ridge Waveguide cross-sections, plus allow the User to develop new and custom WRD cross-sections that operate across broader operating Frequency ranges. WRDguide is useful when developing Double Ridge Waveguide products, like: Magic Tees; transitions to coax/microstrip/stripline; impedance-matching circuits, and many other WRD applications. 16
17 Sample Output: Frequency Analysis of WRD-750 RF Software Product: WRDguide WRDguide (v. 1.2) Copyright 2012 Software () RF/Microwave Computer-Aided Engineering Design Data For DOUBLE Ridge Waveguide Transmission Lines: Width,A = " Frequency Analysis RES = Output Data stored in User filename: WRD750Alum1.xls 17 Date:10/18/2014 at 15:40:33 Hours Height,B = " ==================== Roughness = micro" Gap,D = " (OPTION 2) Ridge,S = " FC10 = GHz Wavelength Guide Impedances FC20 = GHz Fre Total Peak Point Queny Free-Sp Guide Z(P,I) Z(V,I) Z(P,V) Loss Power of CP (GHz) (In.) (In.) (Ohms) (Ohms) (Ohms) (db/ft) (kw) (In.)
18 LLC was founded to provide engineering solutions, design software solutions, and product development solutions to the high-frequency RF/microwave industry in the areas of: Telecommunications (ground segment), Satellite (space segment) and military/defense (RF front-ends). Through teamwork, applies our diverse technical experience to your project's challenges with creative and innovative solutions while holding ourselves accountable fo the results. With professionalism and commitment to our clients, will be there for you, both today and tomorrow. Contact by at: Services : Services@AtlantaRF.com Software : Sales@AtlantaRF.com Designs : Designs@AtlantaRF.com Or, contact by phone at: , to reach our Atlanta-area office in Georgia, USA, and discuss our support to your current or future projects & products. 18
19 Presentations by, LLC Download various presentations at our website: : 1. Satellite: LEO, MEO & GEO. 2. Antennas: An Overview. 3. Link Budget: Getting Started. 4. Link Budget: Digital Modulation Part 1 (Overview & M-ASK). 5. Link Budget: Digital Modulation Part 2 (M-FSK). 6. Link Budget: Digital Modulation Part 3 (M-PSK & QAM). 7. Link Budget: Error Control & Detection. 8. Multiple Access Techniques: FDMA, TDMA and CDMA. 9. Insertion Loss: Double Ridge Waveguide. 10.RF Filters: An Overview. 11.Multi-Section Symmetrical Directional Couplers. 12.Parallel Coupled Bandpass Filters. Visit our website often as presentations are added for your viewing pleasure. 19
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