Wireless Access and Localization for Body Area Networks
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1 Colloquium Talk: University of Massachusetts, Lowell CWINS Wireless Access and Localization for Body Area Networks Kaveh Pahlavan March 9, 2011 KP
2 Project: Measurement and Modeling for BANs Faculty Kaveh Pahlavan Sergey Makarov Allan H. Levesque (research scientist) Reza Zekavat (visiting professor) Ning Yang (research scientist) Kaveh Ghaboosi (Post Doc) Students and Staff: Yunxing Li, Fardad Askarzadeh (PhD) Umair Khan, Ruijun Fu, Shen Li, Pranay Swary (MS) Monir Islam (UG) March 9, 2011
3 the most profound technologies are those that disappear they weave themselves into the fabric of everyday life until they are indistinguishable from it Mark Weiser
4 ipad: 2010 Devices and networks Sensors and Adhoc Networks Broadcast TV: 1941 WANs Morse Pad: 1834 Appliances Computer: 1946 Telephone: 1867 VC R Printer Broadcast Radio: 1920 ibook Scanner Modems: 1950 Mouse Cell Phone: 1972 iphone: 2008 PROGRAM Personal Devices Security Devices LANs
5 Wireless networks: rate and precision Wide Area Network (WAN) - Data rates ~Mbps -Precision ~100 meters Mobility Outdoor Indoor Vehicle Walk Fixed Walk Fixed/ Desktop WiFi OFDM/MIMO Bluetooth/ZigBee UWB FHSS/DSSS OFDM/DSSS 0, User Bitrate, Datacom services WLAN -Metro-precision ~10s Mbps/10s of meters -Local-precision ~ 10sMbps/meters WPAN -Bluetooth/ZigBee ~ 100sKbps/meters -UWB ~ Gbps/centimeters 1000 KP Mbps
6 From science fiction to science Enabling technologies: wireless access and locatization
7 A new realm: BAN What are the bounds to wireless access and localization? March 9, 2011
8 How the technology evolve? Understanding of the channel is essential to determine the bounds
9 Which channel? What band? March 9, 2011
10 What models for RSS? Multipath fading Average received power Shadow fading Distance in logarithmic scale 10
11 11 What models for movements?
12 What models for data rate? T 1 R Inter Symbol Interference (ISI) 12 Lower bandwidth for more reliable data: Wider bandwidth more reliable localization Tolerable ISI: R 0.1 rms
13 What to model for localization? The first path is not detectable by measurement system - Undetected Direct Path (UDP) [Pah98] Measurement bandwidth is not wide enough to distinguish the first few paths from each other [Ala03] Limitations on Bandwidth Undetected Direct Path [Pah98] K. Pahlavan, P. Krishnamurthy and J. Beneat, Wideband Radio Propagation Modeling for Indoor Geolocation Applications, IEEE Communications Magazine, April [Ala03] B. Alavi and K. Pahlavan, Bandwidth Effect on Distance Error Modeling for Indoor Geolocation, 14th Annual IEEE International Symposium on Personal Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC 03), Beijing, China, September 7-10, /27/2009
14 March 9, 2011 Measurement scenarios
15 Sample measurement results March 9, 2011 Ferit Akgul and Yunxing Li
16 Effects of body movements Ruijun Fu, Yunxing Li, Umair Khan March 9, 2011
17 Measurement of Doppler spectrum March 9, 2011 Ruijun Fu, Yunxing Li and Yi Wang
18 March 9, 2011 Measurement using a Phantom
19 March 9, 2011 Phantoms Phil and Hollow
20 Some localization issues free space experiment (antenna opposite dirction,2.0ghz~2.4ghz) air to outside inside water to outside free space experiment (antenna same dirction,2.0ghz~2.4ghz) air to outside inside water to outside Power(dB) Power(dB) delay(ns) delay(ns) Chamber experiment (antenna opposite dirction,2.0ghz~2.4ghz) air to outside inside water to outside Chamber experiment (antenna same dirction,2.0ghz~2.4ghz) air to outside inside water to outside Power(dB) Power(dB) delay(ns) delay(ns) Yunxing Li and Umair Khan March 9, 2011
21 Simulation for body mounted devices March 9, 2011 Ferit Akgul, Yunxing Li and Ruijun Fu
22 Simulation for inside body March 9, 2011 Umair Khan, Monir Islam and Sergey Makarov
23 Scanning real people March 9, 2011 Greg Noetscher and Sergey Makarov
24 March 9, 2011 Effects of human movements
25 Body permittivity Distance between the Tx and Rx (cm) Linear fitting to get the average permitivity of human body tissue Measured data Lie fitting results r ( )=1.40 March 9, TOA (ns)
26 Effects of non homogeneousity 200 illustration of the calculation scenario (a cross section of human torso) large intestine small intestine stomach right kidney left kidney gallbladder liver March 9, 2011
27 FDTD simulations March 9, 2011 Sergey N. Makarov, Umair I. Khan, Md. Monirul Islam, Reinhold Ludwig, Kaveh Pahlavan On Accuracy of Simple FDTD Models for the Simulation of Human Body Path Loss, which is being presented at the 2011 IEEE Sensor Application Symposium, San Antonio, TX, February 22-24, 2011
28 Bounds on localization March 9, 2011 Yi Wang, Ruijun Fu, Yunxing Ye, Umair Khan, and Kaveh Pahlavan, Performance Bounds for RF Positioning of Endoscopy Camera Capsules, Proceedings of the IEEE Topical Conference on Wireless Sensors and Sensor Networks, Phoenix, AZ, January 2011.
29 Localization bounds Yi Wang, Ruijun Fu, Yunxing Ye, Umair Khan, and Kaveh Pahlavan, Performance Bounds for RF Positioning of Endoscopy Camera Capsules, Proceedings of the IEEE Topical Conference on Wireless Sensors and Sensor Networks, Phoenix, AZ, January March 9, 2011
30 March 9, 2011 Real time simulation
31 Testbed Implementation Mini Test Head RF Port Module Wireless LAN Analyzer Station Test Module Circulator Power Splitter Forward Channel Circulator RF Local Input Reverse Channel Others Shen Li, Ruijun Fu and Umair Khan
32 Cooperative Medical Traffic Delivery Mechanism for Body Area Networks Cooperative coexisting multi-hop BANs based on IEEE Sensor devices are connected to multiple data sinks (network hubs). Traffic delivery through: The hub of the local BAN, or The hub of a nearby BAN. Three BANs with their hubs, H 1, H 2, and H 3, connected to wireless backbone (Femtocell) We consider channel parameters for selecting a route to reach one of accessible hubs. Kaveh Ghaboosi and Pranay Swar
33 Traditional Applications and Performance Urban Fighting Scenario Source: DARPA web site People/Asset Tracking
34 Emerging Application and Performance March 9, 2011
35 Wireless Access and Localization for Unmanned Vehicles
36 Wireless Access and Localization for Transportation Industry
37 RFID Applications Source: Wikipedia/Google Images
38 Wireless Access and Localization in Medicine
39 Smart Environments
40 Fundamental Issues in Wireless Access and Localization Applications Bandwidth, Data Rate and Precision Power, Coverage and Spatial Throughput Frequency Band, Regulations
41 Wireless Networks and Access Mobility Outdoor Indoor Vehicle Walk Fixed Walk Fixed/ Desktop Wide Area Network (WAN) - Expensive licensed spectrum - Voice-oriented access WiFi OFDM/MIMO Bluetooth/ZigBee UWB FHSS/DSSS OFDM/DSSS 0, User Bitrate, Datacom services WLAN -High speed unlicensed - Data-oriented access WPAN -Ad-hoc unlicensed -Random access 1000 Mbps KP
42 Wireless Access and Localization for Smart Phones and Netbooks March 9, 2011
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