Using long sweep in land vibroseis acquisition
|
|
- April Booth
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Using long sweep in land vibroseis acquisition Authors: Alexandre Egreteau, John Gibson, Forest Lin and Julien Meunier (CGGVeritas) Main objectives: Promote the use of long sweeps to compensate for the decrease in source power due to the reduction in the number of vibrators per fleet. To demonstrate that long sweeps and short sweeps are seismically equivalent provided the total vibration time is the same. New aspects covered: Analysis of field data using wave estimates. Combination and equivalence of field and processing noise reduction. Summary The combination of the reduction in the number of vibrators per fleet with the increase in source density makes the use of longer sweeps an attractive solution to maintain the desired signal to noise ratio while keeping acceptable productivity rate. It will be shown that modern developments make the arguments against the use of long sweeps irrelevant. Seismic equivalence between short and long sweeps when the total emission time is kept will be supported by field examples to reach the conclusion that a single sweep per VP is today a rational choice. Introduction The double trend toward higher density of sources and smaller spatial arrays in land vibroseis acquisition has led to the development of various simultaneous emission techniques by fleets made of fewer vibrators. As a consequence, since it is difficult to increase the vibrator weight, longer sweeps represent a possible solution to the decrease in source power associated to the reduction in the number of vibrators per fleet. We will review and discuss the pros and cons of a modern 3D seismic acquisition using long sweeps and show field examples supporting our discussion. Using long sweeps in practice From a theoretical point of view, it is known that at any frequency of the emitted bandwidth, signal amplitude is proportional to the square root of the inverse sweep rate. For linear sweeps, the sweep rate is constant throughout the sweep and equals (f e -f b )/SL (where f b is the beginning frequency, f e the ending frequency and SL the length of the sweep). We also infer that, everything else being constant, at any frequency of the emitted bandwidth signal to ambient noise ratio is proportional to the square root of the ratio of the number of sweeps to sweep rate. A consequence is that if this ratio is constant, S/N is unchanged. Noise here is in fact ambient noise. In the real world, everything else is not constant. We have tried to sort the corresponding factors into two categories against and for the use of long sweeps: Arguments against long sweeps Insufficient oil flow at lower frequencies. A constant concern of vibrator design has been to allow the vibrator to generate a wide frequency range. In this quest, compromises had to be found. One of them concerns oil flow required to produce the large displacements necessary at low frequencies (Sallas, 28). One solution to limit pump and engine size was the introduction of oil accumulators acting as back up oil supply for instantaneous surge in the needed flow. These accumulators would provide the extra flow demand for short periods of time and enable low
2 Power Spectrum Density (db) Power Spectrum Density (db) frequency generation for short sweeps but would not be adequate for sustained flow demand as required by longer sweeps. As a consequence lower amplitudes and extra distortion was often observed in the low frequencies of longer sweeps. Less efficient field noise suppression. In cultural areas it was - and still is - common practice to split source signal in multiple short sweeps within the same vibrated point. This procedure facilitates the use of noise reduction techniques to mitigate contamination by cultural noise. Diversity stack, for instance, is very efficient against traffic noise provided at least one record is obtained in the absence of noise for each receiver. If longer sweeps are used, for the same total signal length per vibrated point, noise contamination may be significantly more severe. Less efficient ground-roll suppression. When the successive sweeps of a vibrated point are emitted from different locations, their replacement by a single long sweep from a single location leads to a source array with fewer points and therefore with a lower efficiency. Discussion Modern vibrators have reduced limitations in terms of oil flow. Caradec and Buttin (28) have proposed the combination of an increase in supply oil pressure with a streamlined hydraulic circuit design to overcome the oil flow limitation and claim to be able to permanently push 9 lbs at 5.5 Hz. For this new generation of vibrators, long sweeps are not a problem. High fold of new 3D design enable more efficient noise reduction in the processing centre. Figure 1 uses actual noise recordings in an oil field environment to evaluate noise attenuation provided by four 3D acquisition geometries: 18 fold with 6 sweeps of 8 s, 18 fold with 1 sweep of 48 s, 36 fold with 1 sweep of 24 s and 72 fold with 1 sweep of 12 s. The 6-sweeps SP are obtained after a diversity stack in the field. The data are then correlated with a linear sweep 5-96 Hz. If processing includes no other noise reduction technique than a straight stack, the level of noise of a unique long sweep is greater than the one of the stack of 6 sweeps of 8 s. If the straight stack is converted to a diversity stack, the level of noise is equivalent whatever the sweep length and the number of sweeps. The same noise reduction could have been obtained by other techniques like for instance F-X projection filtering x 8 s - fold 18 1 x 48 s - fold 18 1 x 24 s - fold 36 1 x 12 s - fold x 8 s - fold 18 1 x 48 s - fold 18 1 x 24 s - fold 36 1 x 12 s - fold Figure 1. Power Spectrum Density of a correlated noise after stack (left) and after diversity stack (right) With shorter field arrays and larger fold that are routinely used today, ground roll filtering efficiency of the array decreases while efficiency of the stack increases. This reduces the strength of the prior arguments against the use of long sweeps. Arguments for long sweeps Faster operations. The most serious argument in favour of long sweeps is the reduction in acquisition time. This reduction is obtained subject to the condition that the same total length of signal is used. The time saved by using a long sweep of length n*l relative to using n sweeps of
3 Amplitude (db) length L is (n-1) listening times. In practice, it is even a little more since most recorders will require some dead time (1 or 2 s) to prepare for a new record. For instance, using a single 48 second sweep per VP instead of six 8 second sweeps can be as much as 3 or 35 seconds depending upon the listening time. This argument could be regarded as a productivity argument. In fact, it can also be a data quality argument since productivity gain can and often does produce an attendant increase in source density. Fundamental 2 nd Harmonic 3 rd Harmonic 2 Gain : + 2 db 2 Gain : + 2 db Figure 2. Correlation of the weighted sum signal by the fundamental, 2 nd and 3 rd harmonic for different sweep lengths (1 to 32 seconds). For short sweeps length (1 or 2 seconds), the 2 nd and 3 rd harmonics interfere with the fundamental. Better harmonic distortion control. It has been shown that longer sweeps are more favourable to harmonic distortion separation (Meunier et al., 22). This advantage may not be relevant for conventional acquisition but must be considered for acquisition methods vulnerable to harmonic noise contamination (as for instance the Slip Sweep method (Rozemond, 1996)). Figure 2 shows the correlation of the weighted sum signal by the fundamental, the second and the third harmonics for various sweep lengths. The deterioration of the harmonic signals is associated to the difficulty in separating them from the fundamental for shorter sweep lengths. Better signal design. It is often assumed that, at any frequency, the amplitude spectrum of a tapered sweep is proportional to the value of the taper at that frequency. Consequently, the shape of the signal spectrum would only depend on the sweep frequency and on the ratio between the tapers and the sweep lengths. In fact, this assumption is induced by confusion between the time and frequency domains and turns out to be wrong; more precisely it becomes more true when the sweep length increases. On Figure 3, although the taper length is always 1/1 of the sweep length, it can be observed that for the higher sweep rates (shorter sweeps) the actual signal amplitude spectrum deviates more and more from the desired spectrum sweep rate: 8 Hz/s sweep rate: 4 Hz/s sweep rate: 2 Hz/s sweep rate: 1 Hz/s sweep rate: 5 Hz/s Figure 3. Amplitude Spectrum of sweeps with different sweep rates.
4 Sweep length analysis Method of analysis Shot point comparisons: The first example comes from the Bonnefont test site in the South West of France LMO V = 35 m/s 5 Stack LMO V = 55 m/s Stack Initial Flattened Bore Hole Wavelet Initial Flattened Figure 4. Wavelet generation: Bore Hole wavelet (left) and Ground Roll wavelet (right) Ground Roll Wavelet Six sweeps with lengths from 1 s to 32 s were emitted from the same location by a 9 -lbs vibrator. All sweeps were linear from a 3 to 73 Hz with a 6% drive. The taper length was proportional to the sweep length. They were recorded simultaneously by a surface receiver array and by a 15-level down-hole tool deployed between 1515 and 1635 m depths. The various waves observed for each shot point (reflections, refractions, surface waves) can be represented by a wavelet, the construction of which is identical for all shot points to be compared. This construction is sketched on Figure 4. Field data are correlated and multiplied by the square root of the sweep rate (df/dt). An arrival is identified (down going wave and direct surface wave in Figure 5.) This arrival is flattened and the data averaged to yield the wavelet associated to the shot point. 5 Gain : 8 db Gain : 5 db As can be seen in Figure 5, after multiplication by the square root of the sweep rate, the bore-hole and ground-roll wavelets do not depend upon sweep length. We should therefore expect similar amplitudes from acquisition with a single sweep or multiple sweeps per vibrated point provided the total swept time is the same (a) in acquisition time was very significant Figure 5. Bore-hole (a) and ground-roll (b) wavelets for different sweep lengths. (b) The second example comes from North Dakota (USA). A 2D line was acquired twice with the same parameters except for the number of sweeps (1 versus 6) and the sweep length (48s vs. 8s.) The six sweeps of the second acquisition were averaged using diversity stack to mitigate ambient noise. The results are shown on Figure 6. There is virtually no difference between the resulting images. However, the difference
5 Horizontal Distance (km) 5. Horizontal Distance (km) x 48 s 6 x 8 s Figure 6. Time migrated sections. The left section was acquired with a sweep length of 48s. The right section is the summation of 6 sweeps of 8s. 3 Conclusions Progress in vibrators design, increase in source and receiver density of modern 3D designs and developments of more efficient noise reduction processing techniques make the arguments against the use of long sweeps irrelevant. Analysis of repeated real data experiments confirms the seismic equivalence of long and short sweeps when the total emission time is kept. A single sweep per vibrated point (VP) is therefore a very rational choice. Acknowledgements We would like to thank Sercel for letting us use their Bonnefont test site and Samson Petroleum for permission to publish the 2D line. References Caradec, G., Buttin, P. [28] Development of a super-heavy vibrator. Vibroseis Workshop, October 28, Prague, Czech Republic, Extended Abstract, B4. Meunier J., Bianchi T. [22] Harmonic noise reduction opens the way for array size reduction in vibroseis TM operations. 72 nd SEG Annual Meeting, Extended Abstract. Rozemond H. J. [1996] Slip sweep acquisition. 66 th SEG Annual Meeting, Extended Abstract. Sallas, J. J. [28] How do hydraulic vibrators work? A look inside the black box. Vibroseis Work shop, October 28, Prague, Czech Republic, Extended Abstract, B1. Wei, Z. [28] Modeling and modal analysis of vibrator mechanical system. Vibroseis Workshop, October 28, Prague, Czech Republic, Extended Abstract, B3.
The case for longer sweeps in vibrator acquisition Malcolm Lansley, Sercel, John Gibson, Forest Lin, Alexandre Egreteau and Julien Meunier, CGGVeritas
The case for longer sweeps in vibrator acquisition Malcolm Lansley, Sercel, John Gibson, Forest Lin, Alexandre Egreteau and Julien Meunier, CGGVeritas There is growing interest in the oil and gas industry
More informationThere is growing interest in the oil and gas industry to
Coordinated by JEFF DEERE JOHN GIBSON, FOREST LIN, ALEXANDRE EGRETEAU, and JULIEN MEUNIER, CGGVeritas MALCOLM LANSLEY, Sercel There is growing interest in the oil and gas industry to improve the quality
More informationSummary. Time only. Distance only. Simultaneous Methods. Distance and Time. Slip-Sweeps Dynamic Slip-Sweeps Unconstrained simultaneous sources
Over 40,000 VPs per day with real-time quality control: Opportunities and Challenges Peter I. Pecholcs, Stephen K. Lafon, Hafiz Al-Shammery and Panos G. Kelamis (Saudi Aramco) Olivier Winter, Jean-Baptiste
More informationNoise Reduction in VibroSeis Source Kaëlig Castor*, Thomas Bianchi, Olivier Winter, Thierry Klein, CGG
Downloaded //6 to 9..7.. Redistribution subject to SEG license or copyright; see Terms of Use at http://library.seg.org/ Noise Reduction in VibroSeis Source Kaëlig Castor*, Thomas Bianchi, Olivier Winter,
More informationSummary. Seismic vibrators are the preferred sources for land seismic ( ) (1) Unfortunately, due to the mechanical and
Timothy Dean*, John Quigley, Scott MacDonald, and Colin Readman, WesternGeco. Summary Seismic vibrators are the preferred sources for land seismic surveys. Unfortunately, due to the mechanical and hydraulic
More informationIntroduction. Field Test Description
GEO21 Seismic Repeatability - Is There a Limit? E. Schissele (CGGVeritas), E. Forgues (CGGVeritas), J. J.Postel* (CGGVeritas), J. Meunier (CGGVeritas), O. de Pellegars (Total) & C. Hubans (Total) SUMMARY
More informationTh-P08-11 Deblending of Single Source Vibroseis Land Data in Egypt with V1 Noise Attenuation Algorithm
Th-P08-11 Deblending of Single Source Vibroseis Land Data in Egypt with V1 Noise Attenuation Algorithm N. Gulunay* (CGG), E. Shaker (CGG), A. Karagul (CGG), A. Ramadan (CGG), T. Bianchi (CGG), J. Ross
More informationTu N Higher Vibrator Hydraulic Force for Improved High Frequency Generation
Tu N105 06 Higher Vibrator Hydraulic Force for Improved High Frequency Generation N. Tellier* (Sercel), G. Ollivrin (Sercel) & G. Caradec (Sercel) SUMMARY For conventional deep seismic with heavy vibrators,
More informationSummary. Page SEG SEG Denver 2014 Annual Meeting
Seismo-acoustic characterization of a seismic vibrator Claudio Bagaini*, Martin Laycock and Colin Readman, WesternGeco; Emmanuel Coste, Schlumberger; Colin Anderson, Siemens PLM Software Summary A seismic
More informationFINAL REPORT EL# RS. C. A. Hurich & MUN Seismic Team Earth Sciences Dept. Memorial University Sept. 2009
FINAL REPORT EL# 09-101-01-RS MUNSIST Seismic Source Test - Five Mile Road C. A. Hurich & MUN Seismic Team Earth Sciences Dept. Memorial University Sept. 2009 1 EL# 09-101-01-RS Five-Mile Road Memorial
More informationSeismic Reflection Method
1 of 25 4/16/2009 11:41 AM Seismic Reflection Method Top: Monument unveiled in 1971 at Belle Isle (Oklahoma City) on 50th anniversary of first seismic reflection survey by J. C. Karcher. Middle: Two early
More informationPresented on. Mehul Supawala Marine Energy Sources Product Champion, WesternGeco
Presented on Marine seismic acquisition and its potential impact on marine life has been a widely discussed topic and of interest to many. As scientific knowledge improves and operational criteria evolve,
More informationOPTIMIZING HIGH FREQUENCY VIBROSEIS DATA. Abstract
OPTIMIZING HIGH FREQUENCY VIBROSEIS DATA Theresa R. Rademacker, Kansas Geological Survey, Lawrence, KS Richard D. Miller, Kansas Geological Survey, Lawrence, KS Shelby L. Walters, Kansas Geological Survey,
More informationInterferometric Approach to Complete Refraction Statics Solution
Interferometric Approach to Complete Refraction Statics Solution Valentina Khatchatrian, WesternGeco, Calgary, Alberta, Canada VKhatchatrian@slb.com and Mike Galbraith, WesternGeco, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
More informationX039 Observations of Surface Vibrator Repeatability in a Desert Environment
X39 Observations of Surface Vibrator Repeatability in a Desert Environment M.A. Jervis* (Saudi Aramco), A.V. Bakulin (Saudi Aramco), R.M. Burnstad (Saudi Aramco), C. Beron (CGGVeritas) & E. Forgues (CGGVeritas)
More informationDevelopments in vibrator control
Geophysical Prospecting, 2010, 58, 33 40 doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2478.2009.00848.x Developments in vibrator control D. Boucard and G. Ollivrin Sercel France, PO Box 439, 44474 Carquefou Cedex, France Received
More informationAVO compliant spectral balancing
Summary AVO compliant spectral balancing Nirupama Nagarajappa CGGVeritas, Calgary, Canada pam.nagarajappa@cggveritas.com Spectral balancing is often performed after surface consistent deconvolution to
More informationWhy not narrowband? Philip Fontana* and Mikhail Makhorin, Polarcus; Thomas Cheriyan and Lee Saxton, GX Technology
Philip Fontana* and Mikhail Makhorin, Polarcus; Thomas Cheriyan and Lee Saxton, GX Technology Summary A 2D towed streamer acquisition experiment was conducted in deep water offshore Gabon to evaluate techniques
More informationREVISITING THE VIBROSEIS WAVELET
REVISITING THE VIBROSEIS WAVELET Shaun Strong 1 *, Steve Hearn 2 Velseis Pty Ltd and University of Queensland sstrong@velseis.com 1, steveh@velseis.com 2 Key Words: Vibroseis, wavelet, linear sweep, Vari
More informationAttenuation of high energy marine towed-streamer noise Nick Moldoveanu, WesternGeco
Nick Moldoveanu, WesternGeco Summary Marine seismic data have been traditionally contaminated by bulge waves propagating along the streamers that were generated by tugging and strumming from the vessel,
More informationT17 Reliable Decon Operators for Noisy Land Data
T17 Reliable Decon Operators for Noisy Land Data N. Gulunay* (CGGVeritas), N. Benjamin (CGGVeritas) & A. Khalil (CGGVeritas) SUMMARY Interbed multiples for noisy land data that survives the stacking process
More informationCDP noise attenuation using local linear models
CDP noise attenuation CDP noise attenuation using local linear models Todor I. Todorov and Gary F. Margrave ABSTRACT Seismic noise attenuation plays an important part in a seismic processing flow. Spatial
More informationSignal Processing for Digitizers
Signal Processing for Digitizers Modular digitizers allow accurate, high resolution data acquisition that can be quickly transferred to a host computer. Signal processing functions, applied in the digitizer
More informationTechnology of Adaptive Vibroseis for Wide Spectrum Prospecting
Technology of Adaptive Vibroseis for Wide Spectrum Prospecting Xianzheng Zhao, Xishuang Wang, A.P. Zhukov, Ruifeng Zhang, Chuanzhang Tang Abstract: Seismic data from conventional vibroseis prospecting
More informationWS15-B02 4D Surface Wave Tomography Using Ambient Seismic Noise
WS1-B02 4D Surface Wave Tomography Using Ambient Seismic Noise F. Duret* (CGG) & E. Forgues (CGG) SUMMARY In 4D land seismic and especially for Permanent Reservoir Monitoring (PRM), changes of the near-surface
More informationImprovement of signal to noise ratio by Group Array Stack of single sensor data
P-113 Improvement of signal to noise ratio by Artatran Ojha *, K. Ramakrishna, G. Sarvesam Geophysical Services, ONGC, Chennai Summary Shot generated noise and the cultural noise is a major problem in
More informationCHAPTER. delta-sigma modulators 1.0
CHAPTER 1 CHAPTER Conventional delta-sigma modulators 1.0 This Chapter presents the traditional first- and second-order DSM. The main sources for non-ideal operation are described together with some commonly
More informationAdaptive f-xy Hankel matrix rank reduction filter to attenuate coherent noise Nirupama (Pam) Nagarajappa*, CGGVeritas
Adaptive f-xy Hankel matrix rank reduction filter to attenuate coherent noise Nirupama (Pam) Nagarajappa*, CGGVeritas Summary The reliability of seismic attribute estimation depends on reliable signal.
More informationSouth Africa CO2 Seismic Program
1 South Africa CO2 Seismic Program ANNEXURE B Bob A. Hardage October 2016 There have been great advances in seismic technology in the decades following the acquisition of legacy, limited-quality, 2D seismic
More informationTechnique for the Derivation of Wide Band Room Impulse Response
Technique for the Derivation of Wide Band Room Impulse Response PACS Reference: 43.55 Behler, Gottfried K.; Müller, Swen Institute on Technical Acoustics, RWTH, Technical University of Aachen Templergraben
More informationOutline. Communications Engineering 1
Outline Introduction Signal, random variable, random process and spectra Analog modulation Analog to digital conversion Digital transmission through baseband channels Signal space representation Optimal
More informationDownloaded 09/04/18 to Redistribution subject to SEG license or copyright; see Terms of Use at
Processing of data with continuous source and receiver side wavefields - Real data examples Tilman Klüver* (PGS), Stian Hegna (PGS), and Jostein Lima (PGS) Summary In this paper, we describe the processing
More informationAdvanced Optical Communications Prof. R. K. Shevgaonkar Department of Electrical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay
Advanced Optical Communications Prof. R. K. Shevgaonkar Department of Electrical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay Lecture No. # 27 EDFA In the last lecture, we talked about wavelength
More informationVibration and air pressure monitoring of seismic sources
Vibration monitoring of seismic sources Vibration and air pressure monitoring of seismic sources Alejandro D. Alcudia, Robert R. Stewart, Nanna Eliuk* and Rick Espersen** ABSTRACT Vibration monitoring
More informationLooking deeper through Pre Amplifier gain A study
P-36 Looking deeper through Pre Amplifier gain A study C.V.Jambhekar*, DGM (S) & Paparaju Buddhavarapu, CE (E&T), ONGC, Vadodara, India Summary This article is a report on the experimental study carried
More informationThis tutorial describes the principles of 24-bit recording systems and clarifies some common mis-conceptions regarding these systems.
This tutorial describes the principles of 24-bit recording systems and clarifies some common mis-conceptions regarding these systems. This is a general treatment of the subject and applies to I/O System
More informationA robust x-t domain deghosting method for various source/receiver configurations Yilmaz, O., and Baysal, E., Paradigm Geophysical
A robust x-t domain deghosting method for various source/receiver configurations Yilmaz, O., and Baysal, E., Paradigm Geophysical Summary Here we present a method of robust seismic data deghosting for
More informationResponse spectrum Time history Power Spectral Density, PSD
A description is given of one way to implement an earthquake test where the test severities are specified by time histories. The test is done by using a biaxial computer aided servohydraulic test rig.
More informationPhased Array Velocity Sensor Operational Advantages and Data Analysis
Phased Array Velocity Sensor Operational Advantages and Data Analysis Matt Burdyny, Omer Poroy and Dr. Peter Spain Abstract - In recent years the underwater navigation industry has expanded into more diverse
More informationUltrasound Bioinstrumentation. Topic 2 (lecture 3) Beamforming
Ultrasound Bioinstrumentation Topic 2 (lecture 3) Beamforming Angular Spectrum 2D Fourier transform of aperture Angular spectrum Propagation of Angular Spectrum Propagation as a Linear Spatial Filter Free
More informationVibroseis Correlation An Example of Digital Signal Processing (L. Braile, Purdue University, SAGE; April, 2001; revised August, 2004, May, 2007)
Vibroseis Correlation An Example of Digital Signal Processing (L. Braile, Purdue University, SAGE; April, 2001; revised August, 2004, May, 2007) Introduction: In the vibroseis method of seismic exploration,
More informationPeriodic Error Correction in Heterodyne Interferometry
Periodic Error Correction in Heterodyne Interferometry Tony L. Schmitz, Vasishta Ganguly, Janet Yun, and Russell Loughridge Abstract This paper describes periodic error in differentialpath interferometry
More informationAmplitude balancing for AVO analysis
Stanford Exploration Project, Report 80, May 15, 2001, pages 1 356 Amplitude balancing for AVO analysis Arnaud Berlioux and David Lumley 1 ABSTRACT Source and receiver amplitude variations can distort
More informationISSN Volume 28 Issue 6 June A New Spring for Geoscience. Special Topic
ISSN 0263-5046 Volume 28 Issue 6 June 2010 Special Topic Technical Articles Multi-azimuth processing and its applications to wide-azimuth OBC seismic data offshore Abu Dhabi Borehole image logs for turbidite
More informationCOMPARISON OF FIBER OPTIC MONITORING AT AQUISTORE WITH CONVENTIONAL GEOPHONE SYSTEM. Tom Daley Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
IEAGHG 10 th Monitoring Network Meeting Berkeley, California June 10-12, 2015 COMPARISON OF FIBER OPTIC MONITORING WITH CONVENTIONAL GEOPHONE SYSTEM AT AQUISTORE Tom Daley Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
More informationSimultaneous multi-source acquisition using m-sequences
Simultaneous source acquisition using m-sequences Simultaneous multi-source acquisition using m-sequences Joe Wong ABSTRACT Maximal length sequences, or m-sequences, are periodic mathematical periodic
More informationTh ELI1 08 Efficient Land Seismic Acquisition Sampling Using Rotational Data
Th ELI1 8 Efficient Land Seismic Acquisition Sampling Using Rotational Data P. Edme* (Schlumberger Gould Research), E. Muyzert (Sclumberger Gould Research) & E. Kragh (Schlumberger Gould Research) SUMMARY
More informationThis presentation was prepared as part of Sensor Geophysical Ltd. s 2010 Technology Forum presented at the Telus Convention Center on April 15, 2010.
This presentation was prepared as part of Sensor Geophysical Ltd. s 2010 Technology Forum presented at the Telus Convention Center on April 15, 2010. The information herein remains the property of Mustagh
More informationDesinging of 3D Seismic Survey And Data Processing of Abu Amood Oil Field Southern of Iraq
Desinging of 3D Seismic Survey And Data Processing of Abu Amood Oil Field Southern of Iraq Salman Z. Khorshid, Ahmed I. Khaleel Dept.Geology, College of Science, Univercity of Baghdad Abstract 3D seismic
More informationSurface-consistent phase corrections by stack-power maximization Peter Cary* and Nirupama Nagarajappa, Arcis Seismic Solutions, TGS
Surface-consistent phase corrections by stack-power maximization Peter Cary* and Nirupama Nagarajappa, Arcis Seismic Solutions, TGS Summary In land AVO processing, near-surface heterogeneity issues are
More informationApplication Note 106 IP2 Measurements of Wideband Amplifiers v1.0
Application Note 06 v.0 Description Application Note 06 describes the theory and method used by to characterize the second order intercept point (IP 2 ) of its wideband amplifiers. offers a large selection
More informationRec. ITU-R F RECOMMENDATION ITU-R F *
Rec. ITU-R F.162-3 1 RECOMMENDATION ITU-R F.162-3 * Rec. ITU-R F.162-3 USE OF DIRECTIONAL TRANSMITTING ANTENNAS IN THE FIXED SERVICE OPERATING IN BANDS BELOW ABOUT 30 MHz (Question 150/9) (1953-1956-1966-1970-1992)
More informationDesign of an Optimal High Pass Filter in Frequency Wave Number (F-K) Space for Suppressing Dispersive Ground Roll Noise from Onshore Seismic Data
Universal Journal of Physics and Application 11(5): 144-149, 2017 DOI: 10.13189/ujpa.2017.110502 http://www.hrpub.org Design of an Optimal High Pass Filter in Frequency Wave Number (F-K) Space for Suppressing
More information2012 SEG SEG Las Vegas 2012 Annual Meeting Page 1
Full-wavefield, towed-marine seismic acquisition and applications David Halliday, Schlumberger Cambridge Research, Johan O. A. Robertsson, ETH Zürich, Ivan Vasconcelos, Schlumberger Cambridge Research,
More informationInstantaneous Loop. Ideal Phase Locked Loop. Gain ICs
Instantaneous Loop Ideal Phase Locked Loop Gain ICs PHASE COORDINATING An exciting breakthrough in phase tracking, phase coordinating, has been developed by Instantaneous Technologies. Instantaneous Technologies
More informationSummary. Introduction
Multiple attenuation for variable-depth streamer data: from deep to shallow water Ronan Sablon*, Damien Russier, Oscar Zurita, Danny Hardouin, Bruno Gratacos, Robert Soubaras & Dechun Lin. CGGVeritas Summary
More informationJitter in Digital Communication Systems, Part 1
Application Note: HFAN-4.0.3 Rev.; 04/08 Jitter in Digital Communication Systems, Part [Some parts of this application note first appeared in Electronic Engineering Times on August 27, 200, Issue 8.] AVAILABLE
More informationHigh-Coherence Wavelength Swept Light Source
Kenichi Nakamura, Masaru Koshihara, Takanori Saitoh, Koji Kawakita [Summary] Optical technologies that have so far been restricted to the field of optical communications are now starting to be applied
More informationGeophysical Applications Seismic Reflection Surveying
Seismic sources and receivers Basic requirements for a seismic source Typical sources on land and on water Basic impact assessment environmental and social concerns EPS435-Potential-08-01 Basic requirements
More informationSeismic interference noise attenuation based on sparse inversion Zhigang Zhang* and Ping Wang (CGG)
Seismic interference noise attenuation based on sparse inversion Zhigang Zhang* and Ping Wang (CGG) Summary In marine seismic acquisition, seismic interference (SI) remains a considerable problem when
More informationUNIT-3. Electronic Measurements & Instrumentation
UNIT-3 1. Draw the Block Schematic of AF Wave analyzer and explain its principle and Working? ANS: The wave analyzer consists of a very narrow pass-band filter section which can Be tuned to a particular
More informationMEMS-based 3C accelerometers for land seismic acquisition: Is it time?
MEMS-based 3C accelerometers for land seismic acquisition: Is it time? DENIS MOUGENOT, Sercel, Carquefou Cedex, France NIGEL THORBURN, Sercel, Houston, Texas, U.S. Recent advances have allowed development
More information3D Distortion Measurement (DIS)
3D Distortion Measurement (DIS) Module of the R&D SYSTEM S4 FEATURES Voltage and frequency sweep Steady-state measurement Single-tone or two-tone excitation signal DC-component, magnitude and phase of
More informationPlease refer to the figure on the following page which shows the relationship between sound fields.
Defining Sound s Near The near field is the region close to a sound source usually defined as ¼ of the longest wave-length of the source. Near field noise levels are characterized by drastic fluctuations
More informationMeasurement at defined terminal voltage AN 41
Measurement at defined terminal voltage AN 41 Application Note to the KLIPPEL ANALYZER SYSTEM (Document Revision 1.1) When a loudspeaker is operated via power amplifier, cables, connectors and clips the
More information(A) 2f (B) 2 f (C) f ( D) 2 (E) 2
1. A small vibrating object S moves across the surface of a ripple tank producing the wave fronts shown above. The wave fronts move with speed v. The object is traveling in what direction and with what
More informationSCTE. San Diego Chapter March 19, 2014
SCTE San Diego Chapter March 19, 2014 RFOG WHAT IS RFOG? WHY AND WHERE IS THIS TECHNOLOGY A CONSIDERATION? RFoG could be considered the deepest fiber version of HFC RFoG pushes fiber to the side of the
More informationMEMS-based accelerometers: expectations and practical achievements
first break volume 29, February 2011 MEMS-based accelerometers: expectations and practical achievements Denis Mougenot, 1* Anatoly Cherepovskiy 1 and Liu JunJie 1 trace the development of MEMS sensors
More informationReducing comb filtering on different musical instruments using time delay estimation
Reducing comb filtering on different musical instruments using time delay estimation Alice Clifford and Josh Reiss Queen Mary, University of London alice.clifford@eecs.qmul.ac.uk Abstract Comb filtering
More informationThe Calculation of grms. QUALMARK: Accelerating Product Reliability WHITE PAPER
WHITE PAPER QUALMARK: Accelerating Product Reliability WWW.QUALMARK.COM 303.254.8800 by Neill Doertenbach The metric of grms is typically used to specify and compare the energy in repetitive shock vibration
More informationAttacking localized high amplitude noise in seismic data A method for AVO compliant noise attenuation
Attacking localized high amplitude noise in seismic data A method for AVO compliant noise attenuation Xinxiang Li and Rodney Couzens Sensor Geophysical Ltd. Summary The method of time-frequency adaptive
More informationRECOMMENDATION ITU-R BS.80-3 * Transmitting antennas in HF broadcasting
Rec. ITU-R BS.80-3 1 RECOMMENDATION ITU-R BS.80-3 * Transmitting antennas in HF broadcasting (1951-1978-1986-1990) The ITU Radiocommunication Assembly, considering a) that a directional transmitting antenna
More informationEET 223 RF COMMUNICATIONS LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS
EET 223 RF COMMUNICATIONS LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS Experimental Goals A good technician needs to make accurate measurements, keep good records and know the proper usage and limitations of the instruments
More informationTHE UNIVERSITY OF CALGARY FACULTY OF SCIENCE DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY AND GEOPHYSICS GOPH 703
THE UNIVERSITY OF CALGARY FACULTY OF SCIENCE DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY AND GEOPHYSICS GOPH 703 Arrays Submitted to: Dr. Edward Krebes Dr. Don Lawton Dr. Larry lines Presented by: Yajaira Herrera UCID: 989609
More informationTh B3 05 Advances in Seismic Interference Noise Attenuation
Th B3 05 Advances in Seismic Interference Noise Attenuation T. Elboth* (CGG), H. Shen (CGG), J. Khan (CGG) Summary This paper presents recent advances in the area of seismic interference (SI) attenuation
More information25823 Mind the Gap Broadband Seismic Helps To Fill the Low Frequency Deficiency
25823 Mind the Gap Broadband Seismic Helps To Fill the Low Frequency Deficiency E. Zabihi Naeini* (Ikon Science), N. Huntbatch (Ikon Science), A. Kielius (Dolphin Geophysical), B. Hannam (Dolphin Geophysical)
More informationTh N Broadband Processing of Variable-depth Streamer Data
Th N103 16 Broadband Processing of Variable-depth Streamer Data H. Masoomzadeh* (TGS), A. Hardwick (TGS) & S. Baldock (TGS) SUMMARY The frequency of ghost notches is naturally diversified by random variations,
More informationVariable-depth streamer acquisition: broadband data for imaging and inversion
P-246 Variable-depth streamer acquisition: broadband data for imaging and inversion Robert Soubaras, Yves Lafet and Carl Notfors*, CGGVeritas Summary This paper revisits the problem of receiver deghosting,
More informationLesson 06: Pulse-echo Imaging and Display Modes. This lesson contains 22 slides plus 15 multiple-choice questions.
Lesson 06: Pulse-echo Imaging and Display Modes This lesson contains 22 slides plus 15 multiple-choice questions. Accompanying text for the slides in this lesson can be found on pages 26 through 32 in
More informationP34 Determination of 1-D Shear-Wave Velocity Profileusing the Refraction Microtremor Method
P34 Determination of 1-D Shear-Wave Velocity Profileusing the Refraction Microtremor Method E. Baniasadi* (University of Tehran), M. A. Riahi (University of Tehran) & S. Chaychizadeh (University of Tehran)
More informationTu LHR1 07 MT Noise Suppression for Marine CSEM Data
Tu LHR1 7 MT Noise Suppression for Marine CSEM Data K.R. Hansen* (EMGS ASA), V. Markhus (EMGS ASA) & R. Mittet (EMGS ASA) SUMMARY We present a simple and effective method for suppression of MT noise in
More informationNew Metrics Developed for a Complex Cepstrum Depth Program
T3.5-05 Robert C. Kemerait Ileana M. Tibuleac Jose F. Pascual-Amadeo Michael Thursby Chandan Saikia Nuclear Treaty Monitoring, Geophysics Division New Metrics Developed for a Complex Cepstrum Depth Program
More informationWireless Seismic Acquisition: Real Time Data Matters. Gary Jones. Finding Petroleum Advances in Seismic January 25, 2011
Wireless Seismic Acquisition: Real Time Data Matters Gary Jones Finding Petroleum Advances in Seismic January 25, 2011 Eliminating cables: Fewer LTI s More and safer uptime Minimal environmental impact
More informationAn Introduction to Spectrum Analyzer. An Introduction to Spectrum Analyzer
1 An Introduction to Spectrum Analyzer 2 Chapter 1. Introduction As a result of rapidly advancement in communication technology, all the mobile technology of applications has significantly and profoundly
More informationSurvey results obtained in a complex geological environment with Midwater Stationary Cable Luc Haumonté*, Kietta; Weizhong Wang, Geotomo
Survey results obtained in a complex geological environment with Midwater Stationary Cable Luc Haumonté*, Kietta; Weizhong Wang, Geotomo Summary A survey with a novel acquisition technique was acquired
More informationIntermediate and Advanced Labs PHY3802L/PHY4822L
Intermediate and Advanced Labs PHY3802L/PHY4822L Torsional Oscillator and Torque Magnetometry Lab manual and related literature The torsional oscillator and torque magnetometry 1. Purpose Study the torsional
More informationAudio Analyzer R&S UPV. Up to the limits
44187 FIG 1 The Audio Analyzer R&S UPV shows what is possible today in audio measurements. Audio Analyzer R&S UPV The benchmark in audio analysis High-resolution digital media such as audio DVD place extremely
More informationThe water-bed and the leaky bucket
The water-bed and the leaky bucket Tim Williams Elmac Services Wareham, UK timw@elmac.co.uk Abstract The common situation of EMC mitigation measures having the opposite effect from what was intended, is
More informationHolographic Measurement of the 3D Sound Field using Near-Field Scanning by Dave Logan, Wolfgang Klippel, Christian Bellmann, Daniel Knobloch
Holographic Measurement of the 3D Sound Field using Near-Field Scanning 2015 by Dave Logan, Wolfgang Klippel, Christian Bellmann, Daniel Knobloch KLIPPEL, WARKWYN: Near field scanning, 1 AGENDA 1. Pros
More informationMulticomponent seismic polarization analysis
Saul E. Guevara and Robert R. Stewart ABSTRACT In the 3-C seismic method, the plant orientation and polarity of geophones should be previously known to provide correct amplitude information. In principle
More informationReceiver Design for Passive Millimeter Wave (PMMW) Imaging
Introduction Receiver Design for Passive Millimeter Wave (PMMW) Imaging Millimeter Wave Systems, LLC Passive Millimeter Wave (PMMW) sensors are used for remote sensing and security applications. They rely
More information2D field data applications
Chapter 5 2D field data applications In chapter 4, using synthetic examples, I showed how the regularized joint datadomain and image-domain inversion methods developed in chapter 3 overcome different time-lapse
More informationSeismic reflection method
Seismic reflection method Seismic reflection method is based on the reflections of seismic waves occurring at the contacts of subsurface structures. We apply some seismic source at different points of
More informationNOISE, INTERFERENCE, & DATA RATES
COMP 635: WIRELESS NETWORKS NOISE, INTERFERENCE, & DATA RATES Jasleen Kaur Fall 2015 1 Power Terminology db Power expressed relative to reference level (P 0 ) = 10 log 10 (P signal / P 0 ) J : Can conveniently
More informationBroad-bandwidth data processing of shallow marine conventional streamer data: A case study from Tapti Daman Area, Western Offshore Basin India
: A case study from Tapti Daman Area, Western Offshore Basin India Subhankar Basu*, Premanshu Nandi, Debasish Chatterjee;ONGC Ltd., India subhankar_basu@ongc.co.in Keywords Broadband, De-ghosting, Notch
More informationSpecify Gain and Phase Margins on All Your Loops
Keywords Venable, frequency response analyzer, power supply, gain and phase margins, feedback loop, open-loop gain, output capacitance, stability margins, oscillator, power electronics circuits, voltmeter,
More informationBreaking Through RF Clutter
Breaking Through RF Clutter A Guide to Reliable Data Communications in Saturated 900 MHz Environments Your M2M Expert Introduction Today, there are many mission-critical applications in industries such
More informationIntroduction. Figure 2: Source-Receiver location map (to the right) and geometry template (to the left).
Advances in interbed multiples prediction and attenuation: Case study from onshore Kuwait Adel El-Emam* and Khaled Shams Al-Deen, Kuwait Oil Company; Alexander Zarkhidze and Andy Walz, WesternGeco Introduction
More informationImproving Meetings with Microphone Array Algorithms. Ivan Tashev Microsoft Research
Improving Meetings with Microphone Array Algorithms Ivan Tashev Microsoft Research Why microphone arrays? They ensure better sound quality: less noises and reverberation Provide speaker position using
More informationDETECTION AND SIZING OF SHORT FATIGUE CRACKS EMANATING FROM RIVET HOLES O. Kwon 1 and J.C. Kim 1 1 Inha University, Inchon, Korea
DETECTION AND SIZING OF SHORT FATIGUE CRACKS EMANATING FROM RIVET HOLES O. Kwon 1 and J.C. Kim 1 1 Inha University, Inchon, Korea Abstract: The initiation and growth of short fatigue cracks in a simulated
More information