Current State and Future Developments of the IVS and Geodetic VLBI. H. Schuh, D. Behrend, A. Niell, B. Petrachenko, and R.
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1 Current State and Future Developments of the IVS and Geodetic VLBI H. Schuh, D. Behrend, A. Niell, B. Petrachenko, and R. Heinkelmann Bologna, 26-Sept-2008
2 Geodetic VLBI Unique technique for CRF Precession/Nutation DUT1 = UT1 - UTC Primary technique for EOP (complete set of parameters) TRF (most precise technique for long baselines, scale) Observing S/X band
3 VLBI provides unique parameters (M. Rothacher) Parameter Type VLBI GNSS DORIS SLR LLR Altimetry ICRF (Quasars) X Nutation X (X) (X) X Polar Motion X X X X X UT1 X Length of Day (X) X X X X ITRF (Stations) X X X X X (X) Geocenter X X X X Gravity Field X X X (X) X Orbits X X X X X LEO Orbits X X X X Ionosphere X X X X Troposphere X X X X Time Freq./Clocks (X) X (X)
4 RMS of Space Geodetic Techniques (From a global TRF solution derived by DGFI, Munich)
5 IVS is an international collaboration of organizations, which operate or support Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) components - founded in as a service of IAG - International Association of Geodesy IAU - International Astronomical Union IERS - International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service FAGS - Federation of Astronomical and Geophysical Data Analysis Services Objectives: Support geodetic, geophysical and astrometric operational activities and research Promote research and development in geodetic and astrometric VLBI technique Interact with the user community of VLBI products and integrate VLBI into a global Earth observing system
6 ~80 permanent components ~40 institutions in ~20 countries ~275 Associate Members Organization
7 Components call (due 1-Sept-2008) for - IVS Combination Centers - IVS Analysis Centers (operational/associate) Status: 2005
8 network stations 27 most active sites Antarctica (2) Australia Brazil Chile China (2) Germany Italy (3) Japan (5) Norway Russia (3) Spain South Africa Sweden Ukraine USA (3)
9 network stations 27 most active sites O'Higgins - 9 m Antarctica (2) Australia Brazil Chile China (2) Germany Italy (3) Japan (5) Norway Russia (3) Spain South Africa Sweden Ukraine USA (3)
10 network stations 27 most active sites Concepción - 6m Antarctica (2) Australia Brazil Chile China (2) Germany Italy (3) Japan (5) Norway Russia (3) Spain South Africa Sweden Ukraine USA (3)
11 Antarctica (2) Australia Brazil Chile China (2) Germany Italy (3) Japan (5) Norway Russia (3) Spain South Africa Sweden Ukraine USA (3) network stations 27 most active sites Shanghai - 25 m
12 network stations 27 most active sites Kashima - 34 m Antarctica (2) Australia Brazil Chile China (2) Germany Italy (3) Japan (5) Norway Russia (3) Spain South Africa Sweden Ukraine USA (3)
13 network stations 27 most active sites Ny Ålesund - 20 m Antarctica (2) Australia Brazil Chile China (2) Germany Italy (3) Japan (5) Norway Russia (3) Spain South Africa Sweden Ukraine USA (3)
14 network stations 27 most active sites 3 of 4 Russian Quasar network stations have joined the IVS Antarctica (2) Australia Brazil Chile China (2) Germany Italy (3) Japan (5) Norway Russia (3) Spain South Africa Sweden Ukraine USA (3)
15 Products EOP TRF + IVS Pilot Project Baseline Length CRF Tropospheric parameters Delivery time of products
16 Products: Combined EOP Analysis Coordinator: Axel Nothnagel, Univ. Bonn Complete set of EOP dψ, dε x p,y p UT1-UTC Combined solution from 6 Analysis Centers 20-30% improvement accuracy robustness R1 & R4 since 2002
17 Products: Individual and combined TRF ITRF2005 (Altamimi et al., 2007) IERS Combination Center IVS BKG DGFI GSFC SHA USNO IVS Analysis Centers (Vennebusch et al., 2007) VTRF2005 (Nothnagel, 2005) AUS BKG DGFI GSFC MAO IVS Analysis Centers Individual TRF BKG CGS GSFC MAO IAA
18 IVS Pilot Project: Time Series of Baseline Lengths service available at
19 IVS products: ICRF ICRF (Ma et al, 1998) 212 defining 294 candidate 102 others ICRF ICRF-Ext.1 additional (IERS, 1999) 59 new Ext.1 ICRF-Ext.2 additional (Fey et al., 2004) 50 new 717 total Ext.2
20 IVS tropospheric products long-term combination rapid combination
21 Improved delay from observation to product availability (1) average delay in 2002: 17 days 2 time series per week IVS R1 (Bo, Ha, Wa) IVS R4 (Wash) Results available approximately after two weeks Potential for improvements Acceleration of transportation e-vlbi Correlator processing (employing MK5)
22 Improved delay from observation to product availability (2) average delay in 2006: 11 days
23 Working Groups and Committees WG1: GPS Phase Center Mapping (closed by 2000) WG2: IVS Product Specification and Observing Programs (closed by 2003) now + Observing Program Committee (OPC) WG3: VLBI2010 (closed by 2005) now + VLBI2010 Committee (V2C) WG4: VLBI Data Structures (very recently established) IERS/IVS WG: Second Realization of the ICRF (since 2007)
24 IVS WG2
25 Based on WG2 report: IVS observing programs started in 2002 => Geodetic VLBI observations increased year by year => about 30% in 2002 compared to 2001 => about 15% in 2003 compared to 2002 => about 15% in 2004 compared to 2003 => 2005 similar to 2004 => 2006 similar to 2005 => about 5% in 2007 compared to 2006
26 Summary of current IVS main products status and goals (WG2) Products Specification Status 2002 Status 2006 Goals (2010) Polar Motion (x p, y p ) accuracy product delivery resolution frequency of solution x p ~ 100, y p ~ 200 µas 1 4 weeks 4 months 1 day 3 days/week x p, y p : µas 8 12 days 1 day 25 µas 1 day 10 min 1 h 7 days/week UT1-UTC (DUT1) accuracy product delivery resolution 5 20 µs 1 week 1 day 3 µs 3 4 days 1 day 2 µs 1 day 10 min Celestial Pole (dε; dψ) TRF (x, y, z) accuracy product delivery resolution frequency of solution µas 1 4 weeks 4 months 1 day ~ 3 days/week 50 µas 3 4 days 1 day 25 µas 1 day accuracy 5 20 mm 5 mm 2 mm 7 days/week CRF (α; δ) accuracy product delivery mas 3 6 months 0.25mas (improv. distribution) 3 months 0.25 mas (improv. of freq. bands) 1 month frequency of solution 1 year 1 year
27 IVS WG3
28 IVS WG3 Motivation (1) Status Most of VLBI equipment developed in 70's and 80's pushed to its limits Radio interference at S-Band increased Old slow moving antennas make it difficult to provide agile whole sky coverage Location of antennas is unbalanced in global distribution Operation costs remain high Processing time to final results is too long
29 IVS WG3 Motivation (2) Aim Meet the requirements of GGOS - < 1 mm (position) < 0.1 mm/year (velocity) - 7 days/week - near real-time availability of products
30 VLBI2010 Recommendations (1) Design a new observing system based on small antennas (10-12m), fast moving, unattended operation, mechanically reliable, economically replicable Broad band delay, frequency range (e.g GHz) includes S- and X-band Upgrade of large antenna to preserve continuity, maintaining CRF
31 VLBI2010 Recommendations (2) Transfer data with combination of high speed networks and high rate disk systems Examine the possibilities for a new correlator system (software correlator?) Automate and streamline the complete data analysis pipeline
32 VLBI2010 plans (1) VLBI2010 is supporting some proposals: Korean Institutes (KASI, NGII, Ajou Univ.) Geoscience Australia: proposal for 3 fundamental stations Univ. Tasmania (Hobart): getting operation money University of Concepcion/Chile: developing a telescope ISRO, India: 32m telescope for lunar mission extended for geodetic VLBI NASA Haystack: support of VLBI 2010 telescope / Gilmore Creek BKG: twin-telescope
33 VLBI2010 plans (2) Approved projects or new proposals Australia & New Zealand (4) O. Titov
34 VLBI2010 plans (3) "twin-telescope" at Wettzell, Germany Advantage: higher observation density continuous observations better determination of systematic effects one frequency standard one more local tie
35 VLBI2010 plans (4) Approved projects or new proposals Australia & New Zealand (4) Germany (twin-telescope) South-Korea (3) B.W. Sohn
36 IERS/IVS WG on ICRF-2 ICRF-2 to be completed Aug
37 Continuous VLBI campaign 2008: CONT08 August , 15 days of continuous observation Best possible data quality 11 stations, collocated with GPS, DORIS, SLR special issue of Journal of Geodesy planned
38 Recent Publications Journal of Geodesy special issue VLBI Volume 81, Numbers 6-8 June articles including preface
39 Thank you for your attention!
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