ARDUINO / GENUINO. start as professional

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2 ARDUINO / GENUINO start as professional

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4 ARDUINO / GENUINO start as professional short course in a book MOHAMMED HAYYAN ALSIBAI SULASTRI ABDUL MANAP Publisher Universiti Malaysia Pahang Kuantan 2017

5 Copyright Universiti Malaysia Pahang, 2017 First Published, 2017 Mohammed Hayyan Alsibai ARDUINO/GENUINO : Start as professional : Shot course in a book / Penulis MOHAMMED HAYYAN ALSIBAI. ISBN Arduino (Programmable controller). 2. Programmable controllers. 3. Government publications--malaysia. I. Title Published By: Publisher Universiti Malaysia Pahang Lebuhraya Tun Razak, Gambang Kuantan, Pahang Darul Makmur Tel: Fax: Percetakan Permata MTS Sdn. Bhd. ( M) E-1283 Jalan Wong Ah Jang, Kuantan, Pahang Tel : Fax : permatamts@gmail.com

6 Contents Contents... v List of figures... viii List of sketches... ix Preface... xi 1. WHAT IS? What is Arduino/Genuino? What is a microcontroller? What are sensors? How do things work? What is prototyping? Powering Arduino/Genuino Examples and applications... 3 Self-training... 4 Summary Digital, Analog and Binary systems Introduction Analog vs. Digital Testing tools Binary system Let us make things simpler Do you know how to count? Text and characters can also be digitally represented by 0/1 bits Digital electronics... 9 Self-training Summary Getting Started with Arduino on Windows Get an Arduino/Genuino board and an USB cable Download Arduino software Connect the board Launch the Arduino application Open the blink example Select your board Select your serial port Upload the program Code reference v

7 Self-training Summary Digital I/O Operating the digital I/O pins Example 1 - Blinking an LED: Example 2: Blinking an LED without using delay() Example 3: Reading button status Pull up / pull down resistors Example 4 controlling an LED brightness using PWM What is PWM? Adjusting duty cycle Controlling an LED brightness using PWM (The implementation) Example 5: Buzzer or piezo speaker Self-training Summary Analog I/O Using the built in ADC Example 1 - Analog input using a potentiometer Example 2 - Analog input using an LDR Example 3 - Analog in, PWM out Example 4 - Temperature sensor Self-training Summary Serial Communication What is serial communication? Baud rate Serial monitor Serial available Example 1 Hello world Example 2 - Talk to the board through serial port Self-training Summary Interfacing Devices Interfacing devices Seven-segment display Interfacing devices Motor Interfacing devices LCD vi

8 Project 1: Digital thermometer with high temperature alarm function Interfacing devices Bluetooth/mobile phones Project 2: Switch an alarm signal ON/OFF using a mobile phone Self-training Do you own professional project Summary APPENDIX Quick review on Arduino C++ programing language References vii

9 List of figures Figure 1: Arduino/Genuino UNO as it appears on the official website... 1 Figure 2: USB adapter... 3 Figure 3: Arduino is powered by a battery... 3 Figure 4: CD player mixes digital and analog systems... 6 Figure 5: (a) Positive digital pulse; (b) negative digital pulse... 6 Figure 6: t w: pulse width, T: period of the waveform and f: frequency of the waveform (f = 1/T)... 6 Figure 7: Digital multimeter... 7 Figure 8: Example of positional notation with a radix of Figure 9: Example of positional notation with a radix of 2 and its decimal equivalent... 8 Figure 10: Arduino/Genuino Uno board and a compatible USB cable Figure 11: Opening the LED blink example Figure 12: Selecting the board Figure 13: Selecting the port Figure 14: Sketch menu Figure 15: Find in reference Figure 16: The digital I/O pins Figure 17: A simple circuit for blinking LED Figure 18: LED polarity Figure 19: Pull up and pull down resistors Figure 20: Reading button status circuit Figure 21: PWM duty cycle Figure 22: PWM pins are labelled with (~) Figure 23: Controlling an LED brightness using PWM Figure 24: Connecting the buzzer Figure 25: The analog I/O pins Figure 26: Potentiometer as analog input Figure 27: LDR as analog input Figure 28: Serial monitor Figure 29: Analog in, PWM out Figure 30: LM35 pins Figure 31: Temperature sensor as analog Input Figure 32: Serial vs parallel communication Figure 33: Serial monitor icon Figure 34: Serial monitor Figure 35: An example of the output Figure 36: 7-segment display Figure 37: Wiring the 7-segment display with Arduino Figure 38: Transistor 2N2222 and its pin configuration Figure 39: Interfacing motor with Arduino Figure 40: Interfacing Arduino with LM35, LCD and a buzzer Figure 41: Interfacing Bluetooth Figure 42: Sending data from mobile phone viii

10 List of sketches Sketch 1:Blinking an LED Sketch 2: Blinking an LED using millis() Sketch 3: Reading button status Sketch 4: Controlling an LED brightness using PWM Sketch 5: Running a buzzer Sketch 6: Exercise Sketch 7: Potentiometer for adjusting the blinking cycle period Sketch 8: Analog input using an LDR Sketch 9: Analog in, PWM out Sketch 10: Temperature sensor Sketch 11: Hello world once Sketch 12: Hello world forever Sketch 13: Talk to Arduino Sketch 14: 7-Segment display Sketch 15: Motor speed controlling Sketch 16: Interfacing LCD and Lm Sketch 17: Interfacing Bluetooth to connect a smartphone ix

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