Lighting Existing Conditions and Design Criteria Report

Transcription

1 Lighting Existing Conditions and Design Criteria Report Executive Summary: This Lighting Existing Conditions and Design Criteria Report will examine and describe the existing lighting systems and all existing lighting hardware in the four spaces to be redesigned in the Greater Hartford Academies for the Math and Sciences Building. This report will also document other factors that affect the lighting design of the spaces such as the surface materials and reflectances as well the properties of elements that will contribute to the effect of daylight within the spaces (such as glass type and transmittance). The appropriate lighting design criteria is established for the spaces in the form of suggested luminance values from IESNA, and other quality and system performance considerations such as the aesthetic criteria and psychological aspects of design. The power allowances and control systems of the spaces will also be compared to the ASHRAE/IESNA standard. After analysis of the spaces using computer software AGI32 and applying the appropriate Light Loss Factors, there are several performance conclusions regarding the existing lighting designs in comparison with my established design goals. The atrium lobby space had sufficient ambient light levels but the power consumption in the space is above the power allowed. The space could be redesigned for a more efficient use of daylight to decrease the power consumption. The lighting system in the corner dance room produced light levels around the recommended IES values, but is probably too low in order to produce good visual clarity for the variety of dancerelated tasks that occur in the space. The computer lab room was found to contain light levels on the workplane area within the recommended values, but the space could be improved could be improved greatly to make it a more efficient and pleasurable environment for VDT use. The lighting system in the outdoor courtyard area is has lighting levels good for security lighting, but it currently does not include an architectural design that for the space as seating and performance area. 1

2 Lighting Existing Conditions and Design Criteria Report The Learning Corridor s Greater Hartford Academies for the Math and Sciences building is a unique public teaching facility that has both traditional classroom areas and many special purpose spaces such as interdisciplinary science suites, as well as studios for dance, recording, and creative writing. The lighting design challenges of the space will be to enhance the performance of the current lighting systems to support the function, architecture, and efficiency of the spaces. This report will describe the existing lighting conditions within the building, and focus on the four spaces chosen for redesign. It also contains an analysis of those systems based on design criteria established by IESNA, as well as other aesthetic and psychological criteria. The energy consumption of the systems will also be compared to energy standards from ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90.1, Part 1a: Existing Lighting Systems General Description: There are a variety of different spaces within the high school building, and several different types of lighting are used within the building to meet the needs of specific spaces. In general, an indirect fluorescent source is the main type of lighting used throughout the majority of the spaces within the building. The classroom and lab areas have indirect fluorescent pendant fixtures, the corridors have fluorescent cove lighting, and most of the circulation areas have integrated indirect fluorescent sources into the design. For the areas that use direct lighting, the source is usually compact fluorescent, except for the spaces with very high ceilings that apply metal halide sources for higher light output. Daylight seems to be a central theme of the lighting design throughout the building based on its use in the atrium lobby and throughout the rest of the building. Most of the perimeter spaces rely on a large portion of the ambient light to be provided by the many windows. Dance Room with daylighting and indirect light Typical Corridor and study area with cove lighting Typical lab area with indirect fluorescent pendants 2

3 Atrium Lobby 101 Area This central area is the main lobby of the high school building and incorporates a 38ft high, 2 story open atrium along with parts of corridors located on floors 1 and 2 that open into the atrium. The space draws most of its light from the floor-to-ceiling wall of glass at the front of the lobby and the large windows that view the courtyard at the back of the space. Atrium Lighting Systems: A ceiling wash is provided by 6 wall mounted type AQ fixtures (Figures 5,6) - HID adjustable uplight, (1) 400W metal halide lamp. Step lighting is created using 4 wall recessed step lights type AN (Figure 4) - (1) 26W compact fluorescent lamp per fixture. Architectural lighting is provided by 8 type FF fixtures (Figure 3) - wall sconces with a white finish, (2) 27W compact fluorescent lamps per fixture. Ambient lighting is provided by 4 type KK fixtures 7 recessed downlights, (1) 26W compact fluorescent lamp per fixture. Figure 1: Main Entrance from Vernon St. Figure 2: North view of Atrium Lobby Figure 3: South view of Atrium Lobby Figure 4: East Wall of artwork in Lobby Figure 5: Fixture AQ on West Lobby Wall Figure 6: Fixture AQ 3

4 Corridors on Floors 1 and 2: Ambient lighting is provided by 12 type KK fixtures (Figure 7,8), 6 fixtures on each floor, spaced evenly throughout the two corridors. Figure 7: South windows facing courtyard, 2 nd floor Corridor Figure 8: West view of 2 nd floor Corridor Corner Dance Studio 248 This dance studio is located on the corner of floor 2 and is approximately 28ft wide by 46ft deep with a 20ft ceiling. The studio is unique in that the space is used for dance classes and small performances. The space contains a continuous row of windows along the top of the walls, equipped with motorized shades. An indirect lighting system is provided by 10 wall mounted (14 above floor) type R fixtures (Figure 12) HID asymmetric indirects, (1) 250W metal halide lamp per fixture. A wall wash system on the east wall is created by mounting 2 type R fixtures on the ceiling. Ambient lighting is provided by 4 type BH fixtures (Figure 11) 7 recessed downlights, (1) 250W PAR38 lamp per fixture. A 3ft suspended track system with dimming capabilities frames the performance area with 14 type AM fixtures (Figure 11) Spotlight track fixtures, (1) 75W MR16 lamp per fixture. Figure 9: Outdoor View of Corner Dance Studio from Vernon St. Figure 10: Corner Dance Studio with daylight only 4

5 Figure 11: Suspended Track System Figure 12: Fixture R Computer Lab and Creative Writing Classroom 233 This split-level space contains approx 21 computers and is approx 25ft deep by 25ft wide with 14ft ceilings. The layout of the space is unique: the computer screens line the perimeters of the room and face the front, while there is also a projection screen located at the front of the room which faces the back. Daylighting is provided by several windows located on the two corner walls. An direct/indirect lighting systems is used as the ambient lighting for the space and is created by two rows of type C fixture (Figures 13,14) Linear 4ft pendant mounted 80% up light, 20% down light fixture, (3) 32W T8 lamps per fixture. A direct lighting systems is provided for the handicap ramp in the back of the room using type KK fixtures- 7 recessed downlights, (1) 26W compact fluorescent lamp per fixture. Figure 13: View from front of room Figure 14: View from back of room Figure 15: Handicap ramp In back of room Outdoor Courtyard Area The courtyard area is located directly beyond the atrium, and can be accessed from the art wings and the lobby. The entire area is approximately 100ft by 70ft, and contains mostly concrete sitting areas and walkways, with a small grassy area in the center. The area also contains a concrete platform used both as a small stage for outdoor performances and as 5

6 a sitting area. The fixtures used above the entrances to the courtyard are type HH 12 vandal resistant wallpacks, (1) 21W compact fluorescent lamps per fixture. The courtyard links directly to the sidewalk that spans the rest of the campus and has walkway lighting provided by (3) 12ft pole-mounted lantern HID fixtures (Figure 17). Figure 16: View of courtyard from central campus sidewalk Figure 17: Outdoor Pole Fixture Part 1b: Existing Lighting Hardware Ballast Properties The lighting systems in the redesigned spaces utilize a combination of electronic ballasts, electronic dimming ballasts, and emergency ballasts. The specification describes the general performance qualities of the ballasts used in the high school spaces. All electronic ballasts must have less than 10% THD. Electronic fluorescent lamp ballasts must have a ballast factor of at least 0.90, sound A rating, and be CL&P approved. All compact fluorescent electronic ballasts must have a power factor of at least 0.90, an operating frequency of 20 khz or higher, less than 5% flicker, and ballast factor of between 0.90 and The electronic dimming ballasts must comply with the requirements for electronic ballasts and must also be Hi-Lume ballasts. HID lamp ballasts must comply with ANSI C82.4, be of minimum start temperature 22 F for single lamp ballasts, epoxy-encapsulated to minimize fixture noise, have a normal ambient operating temperature of 104 deg F, and must contain an instant-on quartz lamp used for initial fixture start-up and power outages. Metal halide lamp ballasts must be pulse-start ballasts that also conform to the HID lamp ballast requirements. The emergency ballasts must be U.L. listed and consist of a high temperature, maintenance-free nickel cadmium battery, charging indicator light and test switch. They are capable of operating at a minimum of 1100 lumens initial light output (one or two lamp operation) in the emergency mode for a minimum of 90 minutes. 6

7 General Lamp Properties The lamp properties specified for the high school building were as follows unless otherwise noted: Fluorescent lamps: Color Temperature of 3500K and minimum CRI of 85 Metal Halide lamps: For lamps above 150W, Color Temperature of 3600K and minimum CRI of 70 For lamps 150W and below, Color Temperature of 3200K and CRI of 80 Luminaires The fixtures used in the four redesigned spaces are described in more detail in the light fixture schedules for each space. Please see the links from the technical assignments page. Control Devices The control devices used to control the lighting systems in the four redesigned spaces were a combination of one-way, three-way, and dimming switching, as well as control via contactors from control consoles. The light fixture schedule describes each type of control device used for each of the lighting systems in the four redesigned spaces. Please see the technical assignments page for links to electrical plans which show circuiting, and for the light fixture schedule. Various types of daylight controls were also integrated into the lighting system design since daylighting played such a major role in most of the interior spaces. The daylighting controls used for the redesigned spaces are as follows: Corner Dance Studio 248: Built in motorized shade soffit on north, east, south and west side of the studio ceiling. Motorized shades on 17ft mounted windows controlled by switching of 8 shades per switch. Atrium Lobby 101 Area: Motorized remote window operators on 33ft mounted windows on south wall of atrium. Part 1c- Surface Properties Daylight Elements The properties of the window glass used within the redesigned spaces are fairly consistent throughout. Most of the windows are clear float glass of high transparency and flat texture. This glass will be assumed to have a transmittance of approximately 0.90 percent since actual transmittance level information is unavailable. 7

8 Computer Lab and Creative Writing Classroom 233 Fixture Description Qty Watts Lamp Volt Ballast Controls Type Fixture C Steel pendant mounted linear 80% up, 20% down light (3) FO32 T8 120 Each 4ft length has (1) 2 lamp 3-way switching. fixture with acrylic dust cover, 4ft length. and (1) 1 lamp electronic ballast. C1 Same as C except has an emergency ballast for the (1) 2 lamp electronic ballast. KK 7 Recessed mounted downlight. Vertical lamp (1) 26W 120 Electronic compact fluorescent 1-way switching. Quad CF ballast. KK1 Same as KK except has an emergency ballast for the electronic ballast Corner Dance Studio 248 Fixture Description Qty Watts Lamp Volt Ballast Controls Type Fixture R H.I.D. Wall bracket uplight, asymmetric indirect (1) 250W MH 120 Remote ballast with support. 1-way switching. 2 separate circuits. AM Compact spotilight track fixtures with C-clamp and 6 cord and plug (1) 75W MR16 12 N/A Dimmer rack and control console. Track 1-circuit suspended black track. N/A 1.6KVA N/A 120 N/A N/A BH 7 Recessed open reflector fluorescent downlight with specular clear alzak cone. Vertical lamp (1) 250W Par38 FL 120 N/A 1-way dimmable switching. Atrium Lobby 101 Area Fixture Description Qty Watts Lamp Volt Ballast Controls Type Fixture FF Wall sconce with white acrylic diffuser, perforated metal overlay (white finish) (1) 27W CF 2G11 base 120 Integral electronic compact fluorescent ballast. Via contactor C18 AN Recessed step light, ADA compliant (1) 26W CF 120 Emergency compact fluorescent ballast. Via contactor C18 AQ H.I.D. uplight with extruded aluminum reflector (1) 400W MH 120 Metal Halide ballast Via contactor C18 KK 7 Recessed mounted downlight. Vertical lamp (1) 26W Quad CF 120 Electronic compact fluorescent ballast. Via contactor C18 KK1 Same as KK except has an emergency ballast for the electronic ballast Courtyard Area Fixture Type HH X Description Qty Watts Fixture 12 Vandal resistant wallpack with polyacarbonate lens and horizontal eyeild. Provide with compact fluorescent electronic ballast, photocell kit and remove emergency ballast wth test switch and ac indicator light. 9 Pole mount architectural outdoor fixture. Prismatic glass (1) 21W 2D CF Lamp Volt Ballast Controls 120 Remote emergency electronic compact fluorescent ballast (1) 400W MH 120 Metal Halide ballast

9 The shade fabric used throughout the spaces allows a 5% transmittance of light. Architectural Surfaces The surface properties used within the interior redesigned spaces are as follows: Atrium Lobby 101 Area: Finishes Average Reflectance Floor Wall Ceiling Floor Wall Ceiling White and South wall- clear Gypsum board Crème quarry tile glass Other walls- Gypsum board painted off white painted off-white South wall Other walls Corner Dance Studio 248: Finishes Average Reflectance Floor Wall Ceiling Floor Wall Ceiling Wood base with acrylic finish South Wall- Top half: crème fabric acoustical panels Bott half: mirror panels Other walls- White painted CMU walls with matte finish White acoustical panel 0.25 South Wall- 0.40(without mirror) Other walls Computer Lab and Creative Writing Classroom 233: Finishes Average Reflectance Floor Wall Ceiling Floor Wall Ceiling Multi-colored gray carpet White painted CMU walls with matte finish White acoustical panel

10 Part 2a-Design Criteria Atrium Lobby Area 101 Design Goals: The central design goal of the two-story atrium lobby area is to create a very open and inviting environment through natural daylight design. Within the space there are also a variety of specific tasks that need to be accomplished with the support of the lighting systems. Circulation lighting should help pull people into the building and provide the necessary visual links to the spaces that diverge from the lobby. As a lighting concept, there should be a strong visual link from the lobby to the courtyard area, because this is the connection to the rest of the campus area. Orientation lighting is also needed to provide for the general movement of people on both floors and up the stairway. Gallery lighting concepts should be applied in order to highlight and showcase the artwork (murals and sculptures) of students in the lobby that will add visual interest to the space. Also, the lighting should support the unique architectural elements of the spaces, such as the high ceiling construction and the floor-to-ceiling window entrance, while preserving the clean, natural look of the surfaces. Systems: Since daylight design will be such an integral part of the space, daylight control and flexible lighting systems to adjust for the amount of changing daylight levels should be integrated (such as dimming systems and separate circuiting to provide different light levels throughout the day). Also, shades and special glazing on the windows could be used to avoid high glare. Suggested quality and systems performance: IESNA Lighting Design Guide in IESNA Lighting Handbook Luminous Environment Horizontal illuminance level of 10fc minimum for simple visual tasks Vertical illuminance level of 3fc minimum Horizontal illuminance of 10fc on stairs minimum to promote safety and discipline Illuminance of 30fc minimum on all flat artwork displays Illuminance of 30fc minimum horizontal and 3fc minimum vertical on all 3D artwork Good modeling of faces provided Good color rendering: 80CRI or greater to provide visual clarity within space 9

11 Corner Dance Studio 248 Design Goals: There are two different types of lighting systems that will be needed in the dance studio space. A general lighting design will be needed on a regular basis to hold dance classes and a performance lighting scene/s will be needed when the studio is used to give small dance performances to an audience. The general lighting design for the studio must provide high visual clarity and a comfortable contrast for dance lessons and the performance of other visual tasks. Also, the lighting design must be sensitive to the amount of glare in the room due to the many specular and reflective surfaces such as the wall of mirrors and windows. Systems: Both lighting systems will need to change flexibly from one to another, but should also be as efficient as possible due to the power limitations of the space. This could be accomplished through separate switching and controls, and also by implementing some fixtures that can be used as both performance and general lighting. Suggested quality and systems performance: IESNA Lighting Design Guide in IESNA Lighting Handbook Luminous Environment General Lighting (Educational Demonstration Facilities): Horizontal illuminance level of 50fc minimum for performance of visual tasks Vertical illuminance level of 100fc minimum for visual clarity Performance Lighting (Theatres): Create necessary visibility and desired mood through the controllable properties of light: intensity, form, color, movement Intensity -Provide precise, consistent dimmer control to maintain intensity level -Vertical illuminance of 200fc or higher to highlight selected performances Form -Variety of luminaire types and mounting positions -Luminance ratios on the stage should not exceed 100:1 Color -Controlled by means of lamp selection, dimmers and filters -CRI not less than 80 Movement -Accomplished by dimming individual luminaires 10

12 Computer Lab and Creative Writing Classroom 233 Design Goals: The main goal of the lighting design for this space must be to accommodate VDT screen usage while also providing integration and control of daylight systems with reduced glare. This space contains a pull-down projector screen in the front of the room, and approximately 21 computers throughout the room. Different illumination levels will be needed based on the needs of the activities within the space. For instance, low-level illumination is needed when presentations lectures are given on the VDT screens that will also allow students to take notes. High-level illumination similar to that in a typical classroom is also needed during some lectures. Systems: Daylight control can be provided by use of shades (manual or automatic) or solarreflecting/reducing glazing materials to compensate for the daily and seasonal changes in sunlight. Also, control of the electric lights should be done in order to achieve different lighting scenes Suggested quality and systems performance: IESNA Lighting Design Guide in IESNA Lighting Handbook Luminous Environment General Classroom Lighting For good visual performance and comfort - Luminance of any surface within direct view should not be greater than five times the luminance of the task - No large area should have less than 1/3 the luminance of the task - Surfaces immediately adjacent to visual task should have at least 1/3 the luminance of the task but should not exceed the luminance of the task Provide uniform high levels of illuminance and brightness Minimize veiling reflections and shadows through using proper geometry between light sources, task, and observer Minimize reflected glare through use of matte finishes and low-brightness sources Horizontal illuminance of 30fc minimum for reading/writing handwritten tasks Good modeling of faces provided Good color rendering: 80CRI or greater to provide visual clarity within space 11

13 VDT Screen Lighting Recommended vertical and horizontal illuminance of 3fc on VDT screen for reading Minimize direct and reflected glare by using proper geometry between light sources, task, and observer - Use indirect lighting whenever possible - For fixtures that emit light below the horizontal plane, the average intensity in the lengthwise, crosswise, and 45 horizontal planes, at angles between 55 and 90 from the vertical should be limited Ambient illuminances should not exceed 50fc where VDT screens are used Uniformity on ceiling: - 8:1 luminance ratio acceptable for light background screen - 4:1 luminance ratio for dark background screens - 2:1 luminance ratio is most desirable Luminance ratios on task and near background to avoid harmful reflections - 3:1 or 1:3 between task and near background - 10:1 or 1:10 between task and far background Maximum ceiling luminance is 850 cd/m 2, but less than 425 cd/m 2 is best to avoid harmful reflections and create ceiling uniformity Outdoor Courtyard Area Design Goals: The outdoor courtyard area is a concrete sitting area and walkway that provides the main link between the high school building and the rest of the Learning Corridor campus. These walkways should be lit properly for security and also to help create the visual link. A lighting design is also needed to help to support the variety of different tasks that occur within the space. The two main exits that lead from the building will need to be lit for directional and security purposes. The concrete stepped platform located near the building is used both as an informal sitting area, and also for arts classes and small class performances, and will need a lighting design that fits both types of needs. Therefore the design should create a pleasant, safe, and inviting environment. Systems: The systems used for this space should allow the informal general area lighting and more formal performance area lighting to be controlled separately through the use of separate circuits in order to help create a more efficient deign. Also, controls such as timers might be able to be applied in order to help create a more efficient and easy to operate outdoor design. Suggested quality and systems performance: IESNA Lighting Design Guide in IESNA Lighting Handbook 12

14 Luminous Environment Outdoor Lighting, General Entrances - Horizontal illuminance level of 5fc minimum - Vertical illuminance level of 3fc minimum Pathways away from the building - Horizontal illuminance level of 10fc minimum - Vertical illuminance of 3fc minimum Steps away from the building - Horizontal illuminance level of 10fc minimum - Vertical illuminance level of 3fc minimum Gardens general lighting - Horizontal illuminance of 5fc minimum - Vertical illuminance of 2fc minimum Trees and shrubbery emphasized, 3fc minimum Outdoor Lighting for Performance Area (Outdoor Entertainment Lighting) Horizontal illuminance level of 30fc minimum Vertical illuminance level of 5fc minimum Part 2b- Power Allowances Power allowance and control requirements for the four spaces have been determined according to ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90.1, Space Controls: Control devices can t control more than - 2,500 ft 2 in spaces < 10,000 ft 2-10,000 ft 2 in spaces > 10,000 ft 2 Control must be readily accessible and located so that occupants can see the controlled lighting (exceptions: safety and security) Need at least one control for each room or space enclosed by ceiling height partitions Need an automatic shutoff for buildings greater than 5000 ft 2 (i.e. a time scheduling device or occupancy sensor device) Exterior Lighting: photocells or astronomical time switches are required Outdoor Efficacy Requirements; Minimum efficacy for luminaries operating at greater than 100W is 60lm/W (exceptions: controlled by a motion sensor, used for security/safety, integral to signage, part of a historic structure) 13

15 The IESNA space-to-space method has been applied to arrive at the following power density allowances: Atrium Lobby 101 Area: 1.8 W/ft 2 for Lobby space type 1.0 W/ft 2 for decorative lighting and lighting of student artwork 0.7 W/ft 2 for Corridor space type Corner Dance Studio 248: 1.6 W/ft 2 for Classroom space type Computer Lab and Creative Writing Classroom 233: 1.6 W/ft 2 for Classroom space type 0.35 W/ft 2 for fluorescent luminaries designed to eliminate computer screen glare (as defined by IES RP1 requirements) Outdoor Courtyard Area: 33 W/lin ft of door width for building entrance without canopy 0.25W/ ft 2 of illuminated façade area for building facade Part 3- Evaluation and Critique of Existing Lighting Conditions Light Loss Factors: Luminaire LLF Table Label BF LLD LDD Cleaning Maint. RSDD Total LLF Interval Category AQ months AN months FF months KK months R months BH N/A months AM N/A months C months HH months

16 Calculated Power Densities: Atrium Lobby 101 Area: Lobby: 8 Fixtures x 29 Input W/fixture = 232 W 4 Fixtures x 28 Input W/fixture = 112 W 6 Fixtures x 456 Input W/fixture = 2736 W 4 Fixtures x 31 Input W/fixture = 124 W Total W = 3194 W Power Density = 3194 W/1360ft 2 = 2.35 W/ ft 2 Corridor: 6 Fixtures x 31 Input W/fixture = 232 W Total W = 232 W Power Density = 232 W/360ft 2 = 0.64 W/ ft 2 Corner Dance Studio 248: 12 Fixtures x 286 Input W/fixture = 3432 W 4 Fixtures x 250 Input W/fixture = 1000 W 35 ft of Track x 30W/ft = 1050 W Total W = 5482 W Power Density = 5482 W/1288ft 2 = 4.25 W/ ft 2 Computer Lab and Creative Writing Studio 233: 16 Fixtures x 86 Input W/fixture = 1204 W 2 Fixtures x 31 Input W/fixture = 1000 W Outdoor Courtyard: Entrance: Total W = 2204 W Power Density = 2204 W/625ft 2 = 3.53 W/ ft 2 2 Fixtures x 27 Input W/fixture = 54 W Total W = 54 W Power Density = 54 W/6 lin ft = 9 W/ lin ft 15

17 General Illuminance Calculations in AGI32 The illuminance levels were calculated within AGI32 in order to get a better idea of the types of light levels that are being produced within the spaces. The spaces were analyzed without daylight contribution in order to get an idea of what the lowest levels would be so that design could be based on the worst-case scenario. For each of the four spaces, light levels were recorded at the workplane level, and at other areas throughout the space as necessary. The following is the output for the calculations in the four spaces. 16

18 Atrium Lobby 101 Workplane and Stairs Illuminance Values in fc Plan View Luminaire Schedule Project: All Projects Symbol Qty Label Total Watts Lumens LLF 8 type FF type AQ type KK type AN Numeric Summary - Basic Project: All Projects Label CalcType Units Avg Max Min Avg/Min Max/Min workplane Illuminance Fc stairs_totaltop Illuminance Fc

19 Atrium Lobby Corridor Workplane Illuminance Values in fc Plan View Luminaire Schedule Project: All Projects Symbol Qty Label Total Watts Lumens LLF 6 type KK Numeric Summary - Basic Project: All Projects Label CalcType Units Avg Max Min Avg/Min Max/Min workplane Illuminance Fc

20 Corner Dance Studio 248 Workplane Illuminance Values in fc Plan View Luminaire Schedule Project: All Projects Symbol Qty Label Total Watts Lumens LLF 4 type BH type R Numeric Summary - Basic Project: All Projects Label CalcType Units Avg Max Min Avg/Min Max/Min workplane Illuminance Fc dance st_floor Illuminance Fc

21 Computer Lab and Creative Writing Classroom 233 Workplane Illuminance Values in fc Plan View Luminaire Schedule Project: All Projects Symbol Qty Label Total Watts Lumens LLF 16 type C Numeric Summary - Basic Project: All Projects Label CalcType Units Avg Max Min Avg/Min Max/Min workplane level Illuminance Fc workplane 1st l Illuminance Fc

22 Outdoor Courtyard Ground Illuminance Values in fc Plan View Luminaire Schedule Project: All Projects Symbol Qty Label Total Watts Lumens LLF 3 type outdoor po Numeric Summary - Basic Project: All Projects Label CalcType Units Avg Max Min Avg/Min Max/Min ground_top_1 Illuminance Fc

23 CONCLUSIONS--Critque of Spaces: The lighting designs for the four spaces were evaluated based on their ability to comply with the design criteria established in the previous section. This includes their compliance with the recommended IESNA values for illuminance as well energy regulations set by ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90.1, The conclusions are as follows: Atruim Lobby 101 Area: In general, the lighting levels for the lobby and corridor area were above the recommended IES values. The workplane had an average of 9 fc for the lobby area, and 14 on the stairway. The corridors had an average of 11 fc for the workplane. Both of these areas have potential to receive a lot of daylight from the windows during the day, and we can expect that these values would be enhanced during this time. However, the power density for the lobby area is higher from the IESNA Standard 90.1 value by about 1.0 W/ft 2, and a more efficient lighting design should be used in the space. Corner Dance Studio 248: The lighting levels at workplane level in the dance studio averaged 45 fc without daylight, which satisfies the recommended IES values, but may not be high enough for the diverse activities that take place within the room. Also, the amount of light on the ground will be very important, since there will be a lot of movement within the room. The average illuminance on the ground was 41 fc and this might need to be higher to provide better visual clarity within the space. The power density for the space was also about 3 times higher than IESNA Standard 90.1 values due to the use of track within the space. The track is used primarily for performances, and might qualify as a theatrical production space that would be exempt from the power regulations of Standard 90.1 Computer Lab and Creative Writing Classroom 233: The lighting levels at the workplane in the computer lab averaged 60 fc without daylight contributions. This is around the recommended IES value for a classroom in order to achieve visual clarity for the tasks of reading and writing. But, this value does not take into account how well the system satisfies the criteria for VDT spaces, and I believe this space could be improved greatly to make it a more efficient and pleasurable environment for VDT use. The power density of the space is much greater than the Standard 90.1 value and will need to be decreased. 17

24 Outdoor Courtyard: The courtyard area lighting levels were analyzed for the existing pole fixtures that are in the space. They produce and aveage of less than 2 fc on the ground, and this value is probably too low for security lighting. The power density level is under the Standard 90.1 value, but the fixtures in the space are used to provide general site and entrance lighting, and more sources will need to be added in order to achieve the design goals. 18