Supporting Materials for. A Novel Color Modulation Analysis Strategy. through Tunable Multiband Laser for. Nanoparticle Identification and Evaluation

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1 Supporting Materials for A Novel Color Modulation Analysis Strategy through Tunable Multiband Laser for Nanoparticle Identification and Evaluation Xuan Cao,, Gang Lei, Jingjing Feng, Qi Pan, Xiaodong Wen, *,, Yan He State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, , P. R. China Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, , P. R. China Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of South China, Hengyang in Hunan province, , P. R. China * yanhe2021@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn S-1

2 CONTENT Figure S1. The detailed engineering drawings of the two homemade masks. Figure S2. Simulation of the u, v data in different color images. Figure S3. Statistics of the R/G value of the background. Figure S4. The corresponding color change of the AuNRs as mask A moving to the left. Figure S5. The corresponding color change of the AuNRs as mask B moving to the left. Figure S6. The images and the corresponding RGB analysis of two different AuNRs under different laser multiband illuminations. Figure S7. Stability investigation of the prepared Ag@AuNRs. Figure S8. The color images of the original Ag@AuNRs and the Ag@AuNRs reacted with different concentrations of Na 2 S aqueous solution under the fixed laser multibands illumination. Figure S9. The color images of the original Ag@AuNRs and the Ag@AuNRs reacted with different concentrations of Na 2 S aqueous solution under the halogen tungsten lamp illumination. Figure S10. The UV-vis measurement of the original Ag@AuNRs and the Ag@AuNRs reacted with different concentrations of Na 2 S aqueous solution. S-2

3 Figure S1. The detailed engineering drawings of the two homemade masks. (A) The engineering drawing of mask A. (B) The engineering drawing of mask B. Unit: mm. S-3

4 Figure S2. Simulation of the u, v data in different color images (up-left corner) after different white noise background values (with the maximum value up to one third of the sample signal) was added. S-4

5 Figure S3. (A) Fluctuation of the R/G value of the background; (B) histogram of the R/G value of the background. S-5

6 Figure S4. The corresponding color change of the in-situ dark-field images of AuNRs as mask A moving to the left. The up-left corner are the enlarged images of single AuNR. Exposure time: 20 ms. Scale bar: 5 µm. S-6

7 Figure S5. The corresponding color change of the in-situ dark-field images of AuNR as mask B moving to the left. The up-right corner are the enlarged images of single AuNR. Exposure time: 20 ms. Scale bar: 5 µm. S-7

8 Figure S6. (A) Images of two different particles (AuNR1, AuNR2) under different laser multiband illuminations; (B) calculated R/G plot of the two particles in image A; (C) calculated R/G/B three dimensional plot of the two particles in image A. Exposure time: 20 ms. Scale bar: 5 µm. S-8

9 Figure S7. Stability investigation of the as-prepared (A) The dark-field images of single immobilized on the glass substrate before and after the exposure to the darkfield illumination light continuously for 60 min. Scale bar: 20 µm. (B) The scattering spectra of one before (black) and after (red) the exposure to light for 60 min. The dots and the lines are the raw and fitted data, respectively. S-9

10 Figure S8. Color images of the original and the reacted with different concentrations (0.1 nμ nm) of Na 2 S aqueous solution under the illumination of the fixed laser multibands; the insert are the enlarged images and the bottom right corner is the spectrum of the laser multibands applied. Scale bar: 20 µm. S-10

11 Figure S9. Color images of the original and the reacted with different concentrations (0.1 nμ nm) of Na 2 S aqueous solution under the illumination of halogen tungsten lamp, the light source of the traditional dark-field microscopy; the insert are the enlarged images and the bottom right corner is the spectrum of the lamp output. Scale bar: 20 µm. S-11

12 Figure S10. The UV-vis measurement of the original and the reacted with different concentration of Na 2 S aqueous solution in cuvette. (A) The UV-vis spectra of the original Ag@AuNRs and the Ag@AuNRs reacted with different concentrations ( µm) of Na 2 S aqueous solution. (B) Peak wavelength of Ag@AuNRs versus Na 2 S concentrations. S-12

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