High Performance Tor Experimentation from the Magic of Dynamic ELFs

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1 High Performance Tor Experimentation from the Magic of Dynamic ELFs Justin Tracey 1 Rob Jansen 2 Ian Goldberg 1 1 University of Waterloo 2 U.S. Naval Research Laboratory CSET 2018 Tracey, Jansen, Goldberg High Performance Tor Experimentation from... Magic! 1

2 Tor Tracey, Jansen, Goldberg High Performance Tor Experimentation from... Magic! 2

3 Why does Tor matter? Tracey, Jansen, Goldberg High Performance Tor Experimentation from... Magic! 3

4 Experimenting on Tor Tracey, Jansen, Goldberg High Performance Tor Experimentation from... Magic! 4

5 Experimenting on Tor Safely 1. Use a test Tor network whenever possible. Tor Research Safety Board guidelines Tracey, Jansen, Goldberg High Performance Tor Experimentation from... Magic! 5

6 Available Options Deployed Networks (e.g., PlanetLab) Emulators (e.g., NetMirage) Simulators (e.g., ns-3) Hybrids (e.g., DCE, Shadow) Tracey, Jansen, Goldberg High Performance Tor Experimentation from... Magic! 6

7 Tracey, Jansen, Goldberg High Performance Tor Experimentation from... Magic! 7

8 Discrete-Event Network Simulation simulation time Host 1... Host Host m... rounds Tracey, Jansen, Goldberg High Performance Tor Experimentation from... Magic! 8

9 Performance Constraints in Shadow Logging Loading and running plugins No compiler optimizations Load Balancing Tracey, Jansen, Goldberg High Performance Tor Experimentation from... Magic! 9

10 Performance Constraints in Shadow Logging Loading and running plugins No compiler optimizations Load Balancing Tracey, Jansen, Goldberg High Performance Tor Experimentation from... Magic! 10

11 Logging Performance Real Time (h) original no logging Simulation Time (m) Tracey, Jansen, Goldberg High Performance Tor Experimentation from... Magic! 11

12 Performance Constraints in Shadow Logging Loading and running plugins No compiler optimizations Load Balancing Tracey, Jansen, Goldberg High Performance Tor Experimentation from... Magic! 12

13 Changing Hosts Code Active Data Data 1 Data 2 Data 3 Tracey, Jansen, Goldberg High Performance Tor Experimentation from... Magic! 13

14 Changing Hosts Code Active Data Data 1 Data 2 Data 3 Tracey, Jansen, Goldberg High Performance Tor Experimentation from... Magic! 14

15 Changing Hosts Code Active Data Data 1 Data 2 Data 3 Tracey, Jansen, Goldberg High Performance Tor Experimentation from... Magic! 15

16 Lock on Libraries Library Code Library Data links to Code Active Data Tracey, Jansen, Goldberg High Performance Tor Experimentation from... Magic! 16

17 The New Design: drow-loader Namespace 1 Namespace 2 Namespace 3 Library Code Library Data 1 links to Code Library Code Library Data 2 links to Code Library Code Library Data 3 links to Code Data 1 Data 2 Data 3 Tracey, Jansen, Goldberg High Performance Tor Experimentation from... Magic! 17

18 drow-loader: Memory Overhead Namespace 1 Namespace 2 Namespace 3 Library Data 1 links to Library Code Library Data 2 links to Code Library Data 3 links to Data 1 Data 2 Data 3 Tracey, Jansen, Goldberg High Performance Tor Experimentation from... Magic! 18

19 Performance Constraints in Shadow Logging Loading and running plugins No compiler optimizations Load Balancing Tracey, Jansen, Goldberg High Performance Tor Experimentation from... Magic! 19

20 Time Spent Blocked Per Thread 40 elapsed time thread 1-6 blocked time Real Time (m) Simulation Time (m) Tracey, Jansen, Goldberg High Performance Tor Experimentation from... Magic! 20

21 Problems in Shadow: No Host Migration thread1:plugin1 thread2:plugin1 Code Code data Tracey, Jansen, Goldberg High Performance Tor Experimentation from... Magic! 21

22 Problems in Shadow: No Host Migration thread1:plugin1 thread2:plugin1 Code Code data int x = 0; void* ptr = &x;? Tracey, Jansen, Goldberg High Performance Tor Experimentation from... Magic! 22

23 Problems in Shadow: No Host Migration thread1:plugin1 thread2:plugin1 Code Code int? =?; int x = 0; data void* ptr = &x; Tracey, Jansen, Goldberg High Performance Tor Experimentation from... Magic! 23

24 drow-loader: Memory Overhead Namespace 1 Namespace 2 Namespace 3 Library Data 1 links to Library Code Library Data 2 links to Code Library Data 3 links to Data 1 Data 2 Data 3 Tracey, Jansen, Goldberg High Performance Tor Experimentation from... Magic! 24

25 Time Spent Blocked Per Thread 40 elapsed time thread 1-6 blocked time Real Time (m) Simulation Time (m) Tracey, Jansen, Goldberg High Performance Tor Experimentation from... Magic! 25

26 Time Spent Blocked Per Thread 30 elapsed time thread 1-6 blocked time Real Time (m) Simulation Time (m) Tracey, Jansen, Goldberg High Performance Tor Experimentation from... Magic! 26

27 Small Tor Experiment: 268 Hosts Real Time (minutes) original logging loading scheduling Number of Threads Tracey, Jansen, Goldberg High Performance Tor Experimentation from... Magic! 27

28 Small Tor Experiment: 268 Hosts Real Time (minutes) original logging loading scheduling 0 00:00:00 00:16:40 00:33:20 00:50:00 Simulation Time (hh:mm:ss) Tracey, Jansen, Goldberg High Performance Tor Experimentation from... Magic! 28

29 Large Tor Experiment: 22,499 Hosts Real Time (hours) original logging loading scheduling 0 00:00:00 00:16:40 00:33:20 00:50:00 Simulation Time (hh:mm:ss) Tracey, Jansen, Goldberg High Performance Tor Experimentation from... Magic! 29

30 Takeaways Tor requires realistic constructed networks for testing Shadow provides this, but suered from performance constraints We were able to analyze and address these constraints up to 31% improvement in synthetic benchmarks up to 73% improvement in Tor experiments Our changes were merged upstream and are available in Shadow now shadow.github.io Tracey, Jansen, Goldberg High Performance Tor Experimentation from... Magic! 30

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