CIS 632/EEC Mobile Computing Final Project Report December 15 th, 2016

Transcription

1 Learning Smartphone Application Development For Google Cardboard Using Google VR SDK CIS 632/EEC Mobile Computing Final Project Report December 15 th, 2016 Submitted by: Submitted To: Sonali Patel ( ), Professor. Chansu Yu Gargey Dholariya ( )

2 Table of Contents Section Title Page No. 1. Introduction 1.1 Project Vision/Goal 1.2 Project Scope 1.2 Project Schedule 5 2. List of Tools and Techniques Used 7 3. Overview of Applications Studied 8 4. Discussion of Applications Implemented 4.1. Treasure Hunt for ios and Android: 4.2 Modified TreasureHunt for both ios and Android: 4.3. SimpleVRPanoramaActivity Android app 4.4. CSU Panorama Application 4.5. CSU VR Video Application 4.6. CSU sholiday360 Application Challenges Faced Conclusion and Future Work References 30 Table of Figures Figure Title Page No. 1. Screenshot of TreasureHunt Application Screenshot of Treasure Hunt Application icons implemented in our Xcode IDE 3. Screenshot of part of code for audio system modification in TreasureHunt Application 4. Screenshot of cube s dimension modification code of TreasureHunt Application in our xcode CIS 632/EEC 687 Final Report 1

3 Figure Title Page No. 5. Screenshot of cube face s color modification code of TreasureHunt Application in our xcode 6. Screenshot of cube s changed appearance and face colors in our iphone 5s 7. Screenshot of game s environment changing code in Treasure Hunt application Screenshot of game s environment changing code in our iphone 5s Screenshot of code for changing the trigger input interaction in Treasure Hunt application 10. Screenshot of Trigger input variation experienced in our iphone 5s with Cardboard 11. Screenshot of Treasure Hunt Application icons implemented in our Android Studio Screenshot of part of code for audio system modification in Treasure Hunt Application of Android Studio Screenshot of cube s dimension modification code of Treasure Hunt Application in our xcode Screenshot of cube s changed appearance and face colors in our HTC phone Screenshot of game s environment changing code in our HTC phone Screenshot of Trigger input variation experienced in our HTC phone with Cardboard Screenshot of TreasureHunt Application Logo Designed in Photoshop Screenshot of SimpleVRPanoramaActivity Application implemented in our HTC Android phone 19 CIS 632/EEC 687 Final Report 2

4 19. Panorama Image of a Transit Center near CSU Panorama Image of third floor of Michael Schwartz library at CSU Embedded stereo panorama of Transit center Embedded stereo panorama of Michael Schwartz library s third floor Screenshots of CSUPanorama Application Logo designed in photoshop 24. Screenshots of CSUPanorama Application s three main activities implemented in our HTC phone 25. Screenshots of CSUPanorama Application s two web pages corresponding to Transit Center and Michael Schwartz library, implemented in our HTC phone 26. Screenshots of CSUPanorama Application s two main cardboard views as implemented in our HTC phone Logo of CSU VR Video app Screenshot of implementation of SimpleVideoView application in Android smartphone Screenshot of cardboard view of video application implemented in our HTC Android phone Logo of CSU s Holiday 360 Application CSU Holiday 360 app s Launch screen designed in XCode CSU Holiday 360 app s Main screen designed in XCode CSU Holiday 360 app s Launch icons designed in XCode 27 CIS 632/EEC 687 Final Report 3

5 34. CSU Holiday 360 app s panorama images whose virtual tour is coded in XCode CSU Holiday 360 app s implementation screenshots in our iphone 5s 28 Table of Tables Figure Title Page No. 1. Tools and Techniques Used 7 2. List of Studied Applications 8 CIS 632/EEC 687 Final Report 4

6 Abstract With the introduction of Virtual Reality SDK for smartphone Operating Systems like Android and ios and also making available the Google Cardboard VR viewer, Google Inc. not only give rise to numerous applications for experiencing virtual reality but also kept open source, the SDK for both ios and Android platforms. Inspired by the unique aesthetics of VR concept and eagerness to utilize the SDK available for acquiring the capability of doing VR development, our project dealt with the understanding, development and experiencing of Virtual Reality from the software standpoint. Under this project, we did the study of required development tools and techniques including smartphone IDEs, coding language, smartphone applications development basics and so on. Besides this, we required to perform study of several existing applications of Google VR and gain understanding regarding their working with Google Cardboard viewer. Apart from this, we also performed superficial study of Google VR SDK for both ios and Android and in parallel worked with the necessary downloading and installation of tools for development. Later on, we implemented a demo application for both ios and Android, performed enhancements to both of them. Moreover, we also succeeded in implementing two more android applications and one nice ios application for Google Cardboard. Also, we faced several challenges at every stage of study and implementation. In a nutshell, through the extensive study and implementations of the application, we demonstrated our acquired capability for doing Google Cardboard application development for both ios and Android and also got five applications ready to be deployed on Apple s App Store or Google s Play Store. Keywords Used Google Cardboard, Virtual Reality (VR), smartphones, Google VR SDK, ios, Android, Integrated Development Environment (IDE), Application Programming Interface (API), Xcode, Android Studio, Objective-C, Swift, XML, Java, Cocoapods, App Store, Play Store. Section I: Introduction 1.1 Project Vision/ Goal To learn the smartphone applications development for Google Cardboard using the Google VR SDK for ios and Google VR SDK for Android. Our project vision directs at supporting the Google s mission of bringing amazing experiences to the world from software standpoint. 1.2 Project Scope The scope of our project covers the following main five aspects as described below: Who: Our project will provide aid to Mobile application developers (both Android and ios), Users of Google Cardboard Viewer, enthusiasts of Virtual Reality experiments and also to the general academic students or professors. What: Our project involved demonstration of understanding of the VR based smartphone application development through some implementation of applications using it. This CIS 632/EEC 687 Final Report 5

7 included doing the extensive study of developed applications using Google Cardboard Viewer, superficial study of SDKs for VR, performing building of demo applications, doing some enhancements to them, downloading and installing of necessary tools and IDE for development, study of Mobile application development, understanding of VR, graphics development and so on. Where: We accomplished this project at College campus or home using the acquired tools for doing the project. When - We did this project from September, 2016 to 14th December, 2016 during the free hours. Why - To gain the understanding regarding the actual working principle and procedure of Virtual Reality and to acquire the capability of developing smartphone applications for Google Cardboard VR Viewer. 1.3 Project Schedule Below is a list of some main tasks that we needed to accomplish while doing this project for achieving the objective or goal of our project: 1. Study Mobile Application Development for Smartphones. 2. Study Platforms for application development namely Xcode And Android Studio for ios and Android respectively. 3. Get necessary understanding of the application development programming languages like Objective-C, Swift, Java and XML. 4. Research on several applications already deployed using Google VR SDK for ios and Android. 5. Study Google VR SDK for ios and Google VR SDK for Android. 6. Implement demo Application(s) using this SDKs on corresponding platforms and demonstrate their working and deployment on smartphones using Google Cardboard viewer. 7. Perform enhancement of this implemented application(s) on either or both platforms. 8. Implement as many as possible applications within the time limit to demonstrate the understanding regarding the Google VR SDK. 9. Perform the final demonstration of these applications. CIS 632/EEC 687 Final Report 6

8 Section II: List of Tools and Techniques Used We studied and made use of following tools and techniques to carry out our project: 1. Integrated Development Environment (IDE) 1. Xcode 2. Android Studio 3. Adobe Photoshop 2. Software Development Kits (SDK s) 1. Google VR SDK for Android 2. Google VR SDK for ios 3. Online Image Processing 4. Mobile Application Development 1. ios Mobile Application Development 2. Android Mobile Application Development 5 Languages Used for Development 1. Objective-C 2. Swift 3. Java 4. XML 5. Linux Shell script 6. OpenGL 7 Google Cardboard 8 Cocoapods- Dependency Manager for ios 9. Smartphones with Android and ios Operating Systems 10.Windows based Laptop and Mac OS based Macbook Pro for Development 11. Cables to connect phone with Macbook and Windows based laptop 12. ios developer account for signing the applications developed Table 1: Tools and Techniques Used We provided the detailed discussion regarding each of these things in our mid term and other progress reports. CIS 632/EEC 687 Final Report 7

9 Section III: Overview of Applications Studied We performed the study, download. installation and experiment through Google Cardboard, the twenty popular applications for Google VR, available on Apple s App Store or Google s Play Store or both. Detailed discussion regarding these applications was already covered in the previous progress report and presentation submitted by us. Below is a brief enlisting of these twenty applications: Sr No. Details of Application Studied 1. Cardboard Camera This application is available for both the App Store and Play Store. The application is used for capturing and sharing the VR based moments in photos. These captured VR photos provides the experience of both the sound and scenery in all the directions. In 3D view, it allows viewing properly the near things in near way and far things at far place. Using this application, once can capture moments from family get togethers to vacation spending and then can relive using the same in VR. We utilized this application for capturing the 360 degree images, sounds and videos needed for developing our applications. 2. Official Cardboard Application This application is available on both App Store and Play Store. It serves as the very first means of experiencing Google VR through smartphones. This application lets us get set up for Cardboard viewer and also includes few demos to get started with the same. It is recommended that this application should not be used while walking, driving or in situations of getting distracted from some real world phenomenon that might prevent us from following the necessary traffic rules and regulations. 3. Proton Pulse This application is available on both App Store and Play Store. It is all about playing 3D arcade breaking task from a completely novel approach in virtual reality. 4. Street View This application is also available on both Play store and App Store. Through this application, one can explore the landmarks of the world, perform discovery of the natural wonders and can also dive into the locations like restaurants, arenas, museums, small businesses, etc. CIS 632/EEC 687 Final Report 8

10 Also, this application allows creation of photosphere score adding an individual's own street view experiences. 5. Orbulus This application is available for both the App Store and Play Store. This application allows controlling the environment just by looking at things hence one can have fun by doing experimentations. It's latest version contains many old favourite locations. 6. Rollercoaster This application is available on both App Store and Play Store. It allows riding a deserted Roller Coaster in the midst of tropical island and hence allows one to see a dream of Virtual world. 7. Hang Gliding This application is available on Google s Play Store. Through this application one needs to fix his/her Hang glider and then can explore the fascinating landscape of Alpine area. It is basically a movie, a 3D environment in real time. 8. Dive Deep This application is available on Google s play store. It is all about diving deep into the sea for having the underwater experience in Virtual Reality. This application has similar version of ios namely View-Master Discovery Underwater that also do the same thing. 9. NYT VR- Virtual Reality Stories from the NY Times This application is available both on App Store and play store. It allows experiencing those places in VR where we cannot go in real world through putting us at the center of the stories that could only be spoken about, allows doing the experience of films developed for VR by the journalists of NYT in an immersive video of 360 degree. 10. Virtual Reality Moon for Google Cardboard This application is available for App Store. The application allows for exploring the moon on our foot in Virtual Reality. 11. InMind This is an amazing and sensual application available on both the App Store and Play Store. Through this application, one can experience the tour of a particular patient s brain, searching for neurons of the brain that contributes towards causing brain CIS 632/EEC 687 Final Report 9

11 disorder. It allows for diving deep into the micro world and get the experience of the miracles that take place in the mind of human beings. 12. Full Dive This application is available on both App Store and Play Store. This application allows the user to search and see the media s new generation like watching 360 and 3D videos and photos from a completely novel view as never experienced before. 13. Google Arts and Culture This application is available both on App Store and Play Store. This application provides the capability of exploring the art and culture with Google. Through using this application, one can meet individuals, travel places and get the information regarding the events shaping one s world. 14. Chair In a Room This application is available for Play Store. This application s latest version consists of a new story namely Greed, in which the user will be a business lawyer who is proceeding towards the top while rising over the elevator of corporate terms, with the revealing of novel story at each stop, comprising of one s dental, profit and corruption, thereby leading to the ultimate proof of one s perfect demise. 15. Expeditions This application is available on both the App store and Play store. This application serves as a teaching tool in VR providing the user to be a part of some immersive trips throughout the world in VR mode. This application is actually built for the use in small group or for small classroom, allowing the user to perform the role of a guide for leading the small group of explorers by making use of number of 3D and 360 images along with directing towards some interesting views on the path. 16. Snow Shaker Maker This application is available on both the App Store and Play Store. This application is a gift for the school students to celebrate the season of festival. Through this application, there is a launching of Snow Shaker Maker for both the kids and the teachers. 17. Star Wars This application is available for Play Store only. This application works like an official connection through mobile to the distant galaxy, the one that is really very far away. CIS 632/EEC 687 Final Report 10

12 This application also received an award namely 2016 People s Voice Webby Award. Through this application, the user can immerse into the rich media, breaking news, special events, social updates and other interactive features. 18. Jaunt VR- The North face Climb This application is available on Play Store only. This application allows viewing around one hundred and fifty VR experiences that are premium and cinematic and that too either with or without using a headset. 19. Lanterns This application is available only on Google s Play Store. This application demonstrates the typical scenario during night of the celebration of a Lantern festival. The calm mountains get lightened by the reflection of full moon in the river and the flickering of the lanterns becomes apparent both on water surface and in the air. 20. Within-VR (Virtual Reality) This application is available on both the App Store and Play Store. This application provides discovery of the amazing content regarding Virtual reality from the finest creators of VR, everything in a single application. Table 2: List of Studied Applications More details and download regarding any of these applications could be obtained upon visiting the Apple s App Store or Google s Play Store and searching for the name of the desired application. The study of these applications was important because that provided us with the understanding of how a typical Virtual Reality application is designed and how to experience its aesthetics with the combination of Smartphone and Google Cardboard. It helped us in implementing the other applications in Xcode and Android Studio. CIS 632/EEC 687 Final Report 11

13 Section IV: Discussion Of Applications Implemented In this section, there is an overview of several applications implemented by us as a part of this project Treasure Hunt for ios and Android: The very first application implemented by us was the one whose sample code was available with the download of Google VR SDK for ios and this application name is- TreasureHunt. The proper discussion regarding its implementation was provided by us in our mid-term submission. This application was all about moving in 3D space and hunting for the cube in it. Upon finding the cube, the player needs to keep on staring upon it till it turns orange. When it turns orange, activation of trigger input needs to be done for capturing the cube. Likewise a user needs to keep wandering in 3D space through the head movement for the searching and collecting of more cubes. Apart from this, we also implemented sample Treasure Hunt application in Android and discussed its implementation during midterm submission. It also works in the same manner in Google Cardboard as mentioned for ios. Also, for the implementation of both these applications, we needed to work a lot regarding the Dependency Manager which is Cocoapods in case of Xcode IDE and Gradle Script in case of Android Studio. Implementation of these applications was struggling as it was dependent upon the installation and setup of lots of things. Below is a screenshot for one of its implementation: Figure 1: Screenshot of TreasureHunt Application 4.2 Modified TreasureHunt for both ios and Android: After being done with the implementation of demo Treasure Hunt application for both the ios and Android, we did the implementation of certain enhancements upon gaining knowledge from studying the Google VR SDK and several other applications. Working in CIS 632/EEC 687 Final Report 12

14 this area, we succeeded in doing the following enhancements to these applications. Following are the enhancement areas of ios version of Treasure Hunt: 1. Treasure Hunt Logo Design and Implementation Figure 2: Screenshot of Treasure Hunt Application icons implemented in our Xcode IDE 2. Modification of Audio system Figure 3: Screenshot of part of code for audio system modification in TreasureHunt Application 3. Modification of dimensions of the 3D cube Figure 4: Screenshot of cube s dimension modification code of TreasureHunt Application in our xcode CIS 632/EEC 687 Final Report 13

15 4. Modification of colours of faces of 3D cube. Figure 5: Screenshot of cube face s color modification code of TreasureHunt Application in our xcode Figure 6: Screenshot of cube s changed appearance and face colors in our iphone 5s 5. Modification of the environment of the game. Figure 7: Screenshot of game s environment changing code in Treasure Hunt application in Xcode CIS 632/EEC 687 Final Report 14

16 Figure 8: Screenshot of game s environment changing code in our iphone 5s 6. Modification of interaction in trigger input Figure 9: Screenshot of code for changing the trigger input interaction in Treasure Hunt application Figure 10: Screenshot of Trigger input variation experienced in our iphone 5s with Cardboard CIS 632/EEC 687 Final Report 15

17 Besides these enhancements in ios version of Treasure Hunt, we did all of them in our Android version too as below: 1. Treasure Hunt Logo Design and Implementation Figure 11: Screenshot of Treasure Hunt Application icons implemented in our Android Studio 2. Modification of Audio system Figure 12: Screenshot of part of code for audio system modification in Treasure Hunt Application of Android Studio CIS 632/EEC 687 Final Report 16

18 3. Modification of dimensions and appearance of the 3D cube Figure 13: Screenshot of cube s dimension modification code of Treasure Hunt Application in our Android Studio 4. Modification of colours of faces of 3D cube Figure 14: Screenshot of cube s changed appearance and face colors in our HTC phone CIS 632/EEC 687 Final Report 17

19 5. Modification of the game s environment Figure 15: Screenshot of game s environment changing code in our HTC phone 5. Modification of interaction in trigger input Figure 16: Screenshot of Trigger input variation experienced in our HTC phone with Cardboard Below is a screenshot of the logo designed for the enhanced version of Treasure Hunt application for both Android and ios. For android part, one original design was enough but for ios, we needed to implement twelve different resolutions that required us to perform the image processing of the icon. CIS 632/EEC 687 Final Report 18

20 Figure 17: Screenshot of TreasureHunt Application Logo Designed in Photoshop 4.3. SimpleVRPanoramaActivity Android app This is a demo application implemented by us regarding Panorama View which we already discussed in our fourth progress report. Below is a screenshot of that implementation: Figure 18: Screenshot of SimpleVRPanoramaActivity Application implemented in our HTC Android phone CIS 632/EEC 687 Final Report 19

21 4.4. CSU Panorama Application This is another application which is an enhanced version of the SimpleVRPanoramaActivityApp. In this application, we developed three activities, corresponding to three XML layout files in conjunction with coding these three XML layout files and other supporting files needed to accomplish the application. Below are two screenshots of the panorama images captured using Google Cardboard Camera application of our iphone in our University: Figure 19: Panorama Image of a Transit Center near CSU Figure 20: Panorama Image of third floor of Michael Schwartz library at CSU Apart from this, we did image processing and converted these two images into the stereo panorama view for implementing it in Google Cardboard s VR view. Below is a screenshot for these converted stereo embedded view images: Figure 21: Embedded stereo panorama of Transit center CIS 632/EEC 687 Final Report 20

22 Figure 22: Embedded stereo panorama of Michael Schwartz library s third floor Finally we did necessary coding and succeeded in generating the.apk file for this application and installing the same in our HTC Android phone as well as viewing in the Google Cardboard. Below are the screenshots of these implementations: Figure 23: Screenshots of CSUPanorama Application Logo designed in photoshop CIS 632/EEC 687 Final Report 21

23 Figure 24: Screenshots of CSUPanorama Application s three main activities implemented in our HTC phone Figure 25: Screenshots of CSUPanorama Application s two web pages corresponding to Transit Center and Michael Schwartz library, implemented in our HTC phone CIS 632/EEC 687 Final Report 22

24 Figure 26: Screenshots of CSUPanorama Application s two main cardboard views as implemented in our HTC phone 4.5. CSU VR Video Application This is a Google s VR SDK for virtual reality video view implementation based small application implemented by us. We got a video file named congo.mp4 having the 360 video of Gorillas ape in South Africa and upon video processing using HMDConverter application, we converted it into the embedded VR Video View for making it available in Google Cardboard s VR view. We also designed its application logo. Figure 27: Logo of CSU VR Video app CIS 632/EEC 687 Final Report 23

25 Figure 28: Screenshot of implementation of CSU VideoView application in HTC Android smartphone Figure 29: Screenshot of cardboard view of CSU Video View application implemented in our HTC Android phone CIS 632/EEC 687 Final Report 24

26 4.6. CSU sholiday360 Application This is an ios application completely designed by us with the help of one tutorial on internet. We implemented this application during the final last week. It involved creating the User Interfaces in Xcode IDE, creating the whole application from the scratch, including Cocoapods dependency management, creation or collection of panorama images, video and conversion into stereo Embedded VR view, designing of logo in the Adobe Photoshop, generating twelve different image resolutions, launching the application, installing and running in the phone and so on. This was really interesting part of this project but at the same time was very challenging too. This application is all about exploring the panoramic views of different parts of the India and some other parts of the world for which we worked upon. Apart from this, it also allows viewing the video of elephants in the congo rain forest including controlling their path along the way and also to play and pause the sounds made by them along with their walks. In a nutshell, the application is all about giving user, an experience of the different parts of the world by sitting home and feeling like personally at the place, a virtual tour of the world. Below is a screenshot for its icon, designed in the Adobe Photoshop: Figure 30: Logo of CSU s Holiday 360 Application On next page is the screenshots for the implementation of this application in Xcode IDE: CIS 632/EEC 687 Final Report 25

27 Figure 31: CSU Holiday 360 app s Launch screen designed in XCode Figure 32: CSU Holiday 360 app s Main screen designed in XCode CIS 632/EEC 687 Final Report 26

28 Figure 33: CSU Holiday 360 app s Launch icons designed in XCode Figure 34: CSU Holiday 360 app s panorama images whose virtual tour is coded in XCode CIS 632/EEC 687 Final Report 27

29 Figure 35: CSU Holiday 360 app s implementation screenshots in our iphone 5s Section V: Challenges Faced Right from selection of the topic for project, forming project goal to doing the final demonstration, we faced number of challenges or issues. Below is a listing of them: 1. Selection of Project scope, project goal and project implementation platform and so on. 2. Downloading, installing and understanding the Mobile application development platform. 3. Downloading, installing and understanding Google VR SDK for Android and Google VR SDK for ios. 4. Lots of problem in understanding the Graphics coding especially OpenGL library. 5. Problem of membership and application signing identity with Apple application development. 6. Problem with adding the Google VR SDK library in our Xcode project. 7. Problem learning a new dependency manager called Cocoapods. 8. Problem with implementing the Treasure Hunt Application for both the platforms. CIS 632/EEC 687 Final Report 28

30 9. Lots of issues with modifying the code for this application and introducing our own enhancements which we demonstrated later. 10. Problem with learning the conversion of normal panorama images or videos to the mono or stereo embedded VR view images for demonstration in VR mode. 11. Problem with searching for desired tools or techniques to achieve the mono or stereo 360 view of an application. 12. Problem with the design of different resolutions of logo for our smartphone applications developed especially for the ios. 13. Problem with working regarding the graphics rendering in 3D. Section VI: Conclusion and Future Work In a nutshell, at this stage, we successfully accomplished all the tasks as mentioned in our project schedule. We started our project work with exploring the topic upon which to work, finalized doing Google Cardboard project, acquired all the necessary tools and materials, studied all the necessary concepts as mentioned before and did the implementations as much as we could based upon the availability of time. Upon completion of this project, we acquired a superficial understanding regarding the Google VR SDK for both the Android and ios, especially the GVRPanoramaView, GVRCardboard, GVRWidgetView, GVRVideoWidgetView. Moreover, we got five applications ready to be deployed on App store or Play store. Apart from this, the most important thing is that, we acquired the capability of developing an Android or ios smartphone application using Google VR SDK SDK for Virtual Reality and hence accomplished our very goal. Further work that could be done with this project included requesting the Apple s App store for deploying our applications, also requesting Google s Play Store for the deployment of our applications, downloading and installing Unity, Daydream or Unreal softwares and Google VR SDK for Unity for extending our scope for VR development. Section VI: References 1. Google VR 2. Reference for Virtual Reality 3. Reference for twelve best google cardboard applications as of Reference for Google VR SDK for Android 5. Reference for Google VR SDK for ios 6. Reference for Cardboard official application 7. Reference for Proton Pulse application 8 Reference for Snow Shaker Maker application CIS 632/EEC 687 Final Report 29

31 9. Reference for Street View application Reference for Orbulus application Reference for Rollercoaster application Reference for Hang Gliding application Reference for Dive Deep application Reference for NYT VR- Virtual Reality Stories from the NY Times Reference for Virtual Reality Moon for Google Cardboard 16 Reference for getting superficial details regarding Xcode IDE Reference for using Google VR SDK for ios Reference for getting superficial details regarding Objective-C programming language Reference for getting superficial details regarding Swift Programming Language Reference for Cocoapods Reference for Android Studio Reference for studying 360 color coordinates Reference for studying Embedded VR view Reference for Cardboard Camera application study Reference for capturing Indian 360 panoramas for Holiday 360 application &tbm=isch&tbo=u&source=univ&sa=x&ved=0ahukewje37cunppqahug2sykhzfya5uqsaqi Lw#imgrc=WgkZVSXz1KCzDM%3A 26. Reference for studying and downloading ios cardboard applications Reference for studying and downloading Android cardboard applications CIS 632/EEC 687 Final Report 30