LA DOTD s Nighttime Standards for Construction Operations. Presented by: Tom Ervin Traffic Solutions, Inc.
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1 LA DOTD s Nighttime Standards for Construction Operations Presented by: Tom Ervin Traffic Solutions, Inc.
2 NIGHTTIME CONSTRUCTION OPERATIONS (02/06) NIGHTTIME CONSTRUCTION OPERATIONS (02/06): Section 105, Control of Work, of the 2000 Standard Specifications is amended to add the following NIGHTTIME CONSTRUCTION OPERATIONS. (a) Description: This work consists of furnishing, installing, operating, maintaining, moving, and removing portable light towers and equipmentmounted fixtures for nighttime construction operations. Nighttime construction operations are defined as work performed after sunset and before sunrise. (b) Equipment Requirements: Materials and equipment shall be in good operating condition and in compliance with applicable OSHA, NEC, and NEMA codes. The contractor shall furnish, to the engineer, two light meters capable of measuring the level of illuminance. These light meters will be used by the engineer to check the adequacy of illumination throughout the nighttime construction operations. The light meters will become the property of the contractor after final acceptance.
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4 Illuminance The amount of light falling on an object Measured in lux or footcandles with an illuminance meter Illuminance is different from Luminance ( brightness ) which measures how bright an object appears to the driver.
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7 Portable Trailer-Mounted Light Tower In position Being transported
8 Vehicle Headlights All construction vehicles must be equipped with conventional vehicle headlights to permit safe movement in non-illuminated areas. Headlights should not be permitted as the sole means of illumination while working.
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10 Flashing Rotating Beacons Recommended for all nighttime vehicles Use in pairs for better visibility Amber color for warning 360-degree visibility
11 Markings on Vehicles
12 Classification of Illumination Requirements by Task Each work area, task or both must be categorized as to what level lighting is required The TCP may specify the required illuminance levels for the type and location of work
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15 Illuminance Levels Depend on the type and location of the work Three levels are defined: Level I Level II Level III
16 Level I Illuminance General illumination of all work operations by personnel in areas of general construction operations, including: Layout and measurement ahead of the actual work Excavation Cleaning and sweeping Landscaping (planting and seeding)
17 Level I Illuminance Needed where crew movement may take place Limited to tasks requiring: Low accuracy Slow-moving equipment Large objects Setup and removal of closures Tapers require Level I illumination!
18 Remote Area Illuminated at Level I
19 Level II Illuminance Recommended for areas on or around construction equipment Necessary both for: Safety in operating equipment Attaining an acceptable level of accuracy Examples: Asphalt paving and milling Concrete placement and removal
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21 Level III Illuminance Suggested for tasks requiring: A higher level of visual performance A higher level of difficulty Examples: Pavement crack/pothole filling Patching Installation of electrical equipment
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23 Rule of Thumb Separation between luminaires should not exceed 2-4 times the mounting height. X 4X X
24 Illumination Criteria Level Min. Illuminance Level, lux (footcandle) I 54 (5) II 108 (10) III 216 (20)
25 Recommended Min. Illuminance Levels & Categories for NWZ LEV. Min. Illuminance Level (lx (fc) I 54 (5) II 108 (10) III 216 (20) Area of Illumination Throughout spaces Of tasks and around equipment Illuminance on task Examples of Activities Excavation, sweeping & cleanup, movement area in work zone, movement between two tasks Paving, milling, concrete work, around paver or miller Crack filling, pot filling, tasks requiring extreme accuracy and attention
26 Glare Interference with the visual perception caused by an uncomfortably bright source Two types: 1. Discomfort glare 2. Disabling glare Bright!
27 1. Discomfort Glare Results in fatigue which may have a deleterious effect on vision
28 2. Disabling Glare Results from light scatter within the eye which effectively reduces contrast and therefore the visibility of objects
29 Minimizing Glare Locate luminaires so that the axis of maximum candlepower is located away from the line of sight of motorists Looking ahead Looking at signs
30 Factors Affecting Angle Between Luminaire s Beam and Line of Sight Distance between driver and the luminaire Height of the luminaire Direction the luminaire is aimed Adjusting these factors can control glare!
31 Controlling Glare Tower-mounted luminaires should be aimed either parallel or perpendicular to the roadway
32 Controlling Glare All luminaires should be aimed such that the center of the beam axis is no greater than 60 above the vertical (straight down) 60 MAX
33 Controlling Glare None of the luminaires should provide a luminous intensity greater than 20,000 candela at an angle of 72 above the vertical (straight down). 72 < 20,000 candela
34 TCS Responsibilities During Nighttime Operations Make sure illuminance called for in the plans is provided Minimize glare Protect workers Enhance layouts for nighttime Proper visibility of devices and hazards
35 Operational Requirements Lighting plan 30 days prior to construction Lighting inspections nightly Light meter measurements Observation of glare potential for drivers & workers Physical check of lighting equipment
36 Good News/Bad News Failure to meet lighting requirements shall result in suspension of construction operations until required level of illumination is restored
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