CARSAMPAF, October LEADERS IN THE FIELD SINCE 1989 Wildlife Management & Consulting

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1 CARSAMPAF, October 2016 Evaluation Approach for Assessing Wildlife Management Programs at Canadian airports / Enfoque de valoración de un programa de gestión de la vida silvestre en aeropuertos canadienses. Pierre MOLINA, M.Sc., Vice-president - Environmental Airport Division Marilou SKELLING, B.SC. DESS, Project Director Maxime ALLARD, M.Sc., R&D, GIS Specialist Rob SHEVALIER, Vice-president Wildlife Management Division LEADERS IN THE FIELD SINCE 1989 Wildlife Management & Consulting

2 You think you have a great wildlife program!

3 How do you measure the QUALITY of your program?

4 SMS is a QUALITY ASSURANCE Process Canadian SMS Regulation is mandatory (2008) A safety management system shall include (CAR ): a process for setting goals for the improvement of aviation safety and for measuring the attainment of those goals; A QUALITY CONTROL indicator is needed

5 SMS is a QUALITY ASSURANCE Process Report Document Analyze Assess Plan Correct

6 The Process of Managing Risk Report Document Analyze Assess Plan Correct

7 The Process of Managing Risk Report Document Analyze Assess Plan Correct

8 KPI 101 Why we need them; How we develop them; How do we use them.

9 How We Develop Them? Decrease the risk of wildlife strikes Reduce the number of bird strikes to maximum of 3 strikes / movements

10 What is a KPI? Ex.: Number of wildlife strikes per 10,000 movements Properly compiled Strike Data Yearly movements/operations numbers

11 KPI #1 Montreal Int. Airport Annual Strike Rate per mvts Year Strike / mvmts KPI threshold = 3 strikes / mvmts

12 But why choose this threshold? On average there are 5 strikes per mvmts for airports worldwide. Thorpe 1992 Canada has an average of 2.6 strikes / mvmts from 2010 to 2014 One Canadian target was 3 strikes / mvmts. TP

13 KPIs Case Study Montreal Int. Airport Cumulative Strike Rate per mvts

14 KPIs Case Study Montreal Airport KPI: Strike Rate per mvts from 2010 to

15 Strike Rates is the oldest KPI but not applicable for all airports

16 How to determine if a KPI is reliable? Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

17 Potential KPI #2: Many Canadian Airports Yearly # Wildlife Adverse Effect Events (AEE) DEFINITION of AAE Any occurence involving wildlife: Resulting in damage, or; Effect on flight: Emergency/precautionary landing Rejected take-off or missed approach Obstructed vision Fire, smoke in cabin, or Any change to the flight plan.

18 Potential KPI #2: Many Airports Yearly # Wildlife Adverse Effect Events (AEE) Relatively rare events The strike events that count in the end Primary prevention events

19 Calculations for KPI #2 Yearly # Wildlife Adverse Effect Events (AEE) Year AEE

20 Potential KPI #3 Toronto Int. Airport Monthly # High Risk Species Strikes / mvmts Primary High Risk Events (prevention events) High risk Species : Most likely to be involved in collisions with aircraft & cause the greatest damages

21 High Risk Species Identified Gulls and Terns Starlings Geese Hawks Ducks and Allies

22 Calculations for KPI #3 Monthly # High Risk Species Strikes / mvmts Year # of High Risk Species Strikes / Month # of Movements / Month

23 Strike Rate Calculations for KPI # January February March April May June July August September October November December Very High High Moderate Low Very High Threashold: 1 strike/10,000 mvmts High Threashold: 2 strikes/10,000 mvmts Moderate Threashold: 4 strikes/10,000 mvmts

24 Potential KPI #4 Yearly Mass of Strikes relative to bird abundance normalized by movements Mass of confirmed strikes Mass of birds monitored in vicinity of airport Total Movements 10,000

25 Calculations for KPI #4 Yearly # Strikes relative to bird abundance normalized by movements Year Confirmed strike mass(g) Bird Mass Monitored(kg) Movements / KPI KPI threshold = SITE SPECIFIC

26 Different use of KPIs! Quality control: reactive KPIs Operational use: proactive KPIs

27 Potential Operational KPI #5 Snowy Owl invasion 2013 to 2016

28 Snowy Owl Strikes

29 Snowy Owl Strikes

30 Operational KPI Case Study Montreal Airport Number of Snowy Owl Encountered Number of Snowy Owl Encountered from 2012 to Jan Feb Mar Apr May June Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec

31 Operational KPI Case Study Montreal Airport KPI: Daily Number of Snowy Owl KPI Analysis Recurrence: Daily Threshold: When Above 2 Birds on the Airfield Action Triggered: Add manpower = extra 24hrs per week for capturing SNOW until below threshold

32 Operational KPI Case Study Toronto Int. Airport KPI: Daily Number of Snowy Owl KPI Analysis Recurrence: Daily Threshold: When Above 4 Birds on the Airfield Action Triggered: Add manpower = add extra WCO daily for capturing SNOW until below threshold

33 Nb encountered Nb encountered Nb encountered Nb encountered Nb encountered Operational KPI Case Study Toronto Int. Airport Counts of Very High and High-Risk Species Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 0 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul AugSep Oct Nov Dec

34 Number of Indvidual Encountered Strike Rate per mvts More KPIs for Pearson Airport TOTAL High Risk Species Counts as a predictor of High Risk Strikes Encountered 2013 Encountered 2014 Strike Rate 2013 Strike Rate 2014

35 More Operational KPIs for Toronto Int. Airport Working on Operational KPIs: thresholds of wildlife counts that will identify a Strike Risk TRIGGER There will be used to add resource when needed They need to be agreed upon before the wildlife management activities

36 What are the features of a good KPI? Quantitative (Measurable value); Demonstrate Trend (Pattern); Risk based; Take into account changing conditions; Actionable effect change

37 KPIs Challenge Get the stakeholders interested Set measurable objectives, ex. less than 2 AEE strike / year Capturing the data to generate KPIs Monitor the KPIs on the identified recurrence ex. daily, weekly, yearly, etc. Reassess objectives and KPIs relevance

38 QUESTIONS? Thank you!

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