Structural Parameters of the Abrasion Resistance in Car Seats

Transcription

1 Association of Universities for Textiles Structural Parameters of the Abrasion Resistance in Car Seats E-TEAM MASTER THESIS Ivona Jerković June 2009

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3 Association of Universities for Textiles Structural Parameters of the Abrasion Resistance in Car Seats E-TEAM MASTER THESIS Ivona Jerković June 2009

4 Copyright(c): The author gives admission to make this Master s thesis available for consultation and to copy parts of the Master s thesis for personal use. Any other use falls under the limitations of the copyright, especially with regard to the obligation of mentioning the source explicitly on quoting the results of this Master s thesis.

5 To my mother, my father and my brothers Thank you for faith, love and support

6 Summary The object of this paper was to determine the effects of the car seat cover by measuring abrasion resistance. Four apparatus were used and compared: Martindale, Taber, Schopper and Transversal (Leitat device). Also, five abrasive materials were analyzed. In accordance to the final results, it can be observed that the thickness of the foam structure has one big influence on the abrasion resistance. In addition, the relationship between the weight loss due to abrasion for Martindale and Taber was expressed by single regression equations. Finally, another observation was concluded that Taber, using the wheels CS10, and Schopper, using the abrasive paper P320, give similar results. Key words: automotive textiles, fabric structures, abrasion resistance, testing.

7 Abstract This work has for the object determination of the abrasion resistance of the seat car materials; a comparison of the results obtained with the different testing methods, used by standards and specifications of car producers, and the influence of different type of the abrasive materials. The used specifications define the performance requirements for interior seating and trim fabrics.

8 Table of contents 1. Introduction Automotive textiles: fibres, parts Fibres Parts Seats Needle technology for the production of car seats Natural leather Artificial leather and suede Bonnet (hood) liners Door casings Carpet Security passive Air bag Seat belts Parcel shelves Requirements and performance profiles for automotive textile Fabric structures Fabric structures-wovens Weaving-flat fabrics Weaving- pile fabrics Fabric structures-warp knitted Single-needle guide bar structure Two- needle guide bar full-set structure Fabric structures-weft knitted Single-jersey latch needle machines Double-jersey machines Flat machines Circular machines...27

9 5. Other structures; foam, nonwoven Foam Polyurethane foam Polyolefin foam Nonwoven fabrics Bonding Needlepunching Extrusion or spun methods and hydroentangling Alternative solutions for polyurethane foam Mechanical bonding Stitch bonded Spacer fabrics Seating foams derived from soya oil Quality assurance and testing Quality assurance Lightfastness and UV degradation resistance Abrasion resistance Pilling Snagging Analysis of apparatus tests for abrasion resistance Schopper rotary abrasion test Procedure Taber abrasion test Procedure Martindale abrasion apparatus Procedure Transversal abrasion apparatus Procedure Analysis of the materials Fabric structure Abrasive papers and wheels Abrasive papers Wheels...53

10 9. Experimental conditions Pre-testing Testing Experimental plan Comparison of the structures using Martindale apparatus Comparison of the apparatus Comparison of the abrasive papers Variability of the abrasive papers Abrasion kinetic Abrasion kinetic by using the Martindale apparatus Relation between abrasive papers Abrasion kinetic by using the Taber apparatus Conclusions 93 Acknowledgements.94 Appendices...95 References.124