Acknowledgments...xvii. Introduction... Chapter 0: Setting Up and Useful Skills Chapter 1: The Reaction-Time Machine... 25

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Hortense Sherman
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1 Brief Contents Acknowledgments...xvii Introduction... xix Chapter 0: Setting Up and Useful Skills Chapter 1: The Reaction-Time Machine Chapter 2: An Automated Agitator for PCB Etching Chapter 3: The Regulated Power Supply Chapter 4: A Watch Winder Chapter 5: The Garage Sentry Parking Assistant Chatper 6: The Battery Saver Chapter 7: A Custom ph Meter Chapter 8: Two Ballistic Chronographs Chapter 9: The Square-Wave Generator Chapter 10: The Chromatic Thermometer Index

3 Acknowledgments xvii Introduction Who This Book Is For xx How This Book Is Organized... xx About the Parts Lists... xxii Tools and Supplies... xxiii Drilling, Cutting, and Assembling.... xxiii Prototyping, Soldering, and Testing... xxiv Online Retailers...xxv About the Online Resources....xxv xix 0 Setting Up and Useful Skills 1 Preparing the Arduino Board Affixing the I 2 C Board to the LCD... 3 Uploading Sketches to Your Arduino... 5 Installing the Arduino IDE... 5 Using the Arduino IDE... 5 Connecting and Programming an Arduino Nano... 6 Connecting and Programming an Arduino Pro Mini... 8 Using PCB Software Making Your Own PCBs Applying the Pattern Etching the Board Drilling the Board Connectors Used in This Book Using SOICs What Are SMT Devices? The Solder Paste Method Soldering Directly Closing Thoughts The Reaction-Time Machine 25 Required Tools Parts List Downloads Reaction vs. Reflex How Does the Game Work? Measuring Time with the Arduino Nano Expected Speed Ranges The Schematic The Breadboard

4 The Sketch Customized Reaction Commentary What Happens in the Loop Construction Preparing a Sturdy Case Mounting the Hardware Ideas for Customization An Automated Agitator for PCB Etching 41 Required Tools Parts List Downloads How Automatic Motor Reversal Works The Schematic Determining the Reversal Threshold Using an H-Bridge The Breadboard The Sketch The Shield PCB Layout Shield Design Notes Construction The Limit Wires The Crank Bushing Packaging The Etching Process The Regulated Power Supply 69 Required Tools Parts List Downloads A Flexible Voltage Regulator Circuit How the Circuit Works The Schematic The Breadboard Preparing the Arduino Pro Mini and LCD Building the Breadboard The Sketch The Shield Construction Preparing the Enclosure Mounting the Circuit Board A Watch Winder 89 Why a Watch Winder? Required Tools xii

5 Parts List Acrylic Other Hardware and Circuit Components Downloads Basic Watch Winder Requirements Using an Arduino to Control Winder Revolutions Using a Hall Effect Sensor to Monitor Rotations The Schematic The Breadboard The Sketch The Shield Overview of the Motor Assembly Construction Preparing the Motor Mount and Bearing Box Acrylic Bonding the Acrylic for the Bearing Box Building the Stand Preparing the Motor and the Driveshaft Making the Watch Basket Adding the LEDs Leaving the Components on Display Keeping the Watches in the Basket Design Notes Total Rotation Adjustment How Many LEDs to Use and Where to Put Them Motor Voltage How Many Rotations Does the Watch Winder Make? The Garage Sentry Parking Assistant 129 Required Tools Parts List Deluxe Parts Downloads The Schematic Basics of Calculating Distance How the Garage Sentry Works The Breadboard The Sketch Inside the setup() Function Inside the loop() Function Determining Distance Triggering the Alarm Construction Drilling Holes for the Electronics Mounting Options Soldering the Transistors and Current-Limiting Resistors Wiring the Pieces Together The Deluxe Garage Sentry The Deluxe Schematic The Deluxe Sketch xiii

6 The Deluxe Shield A Bigger Box The Battery Saver 155 Boats, Tractors, and Other Vehicles Required Tools Parts List Downloads The Schematic How the Battery Saver Prevents Draining Arduino to the Rescue The Breadboard The Sketch The Shield The PCB Layout Preparing the Shield and Pro Mini Controller Construction Preparing the Enclosure The Contact Support Preparing the Copper Contact Assembly Mounting Supplies for the Solenoid Preparing the Release Rod, Springs, and E-Clip Making the Release Lever and Pylon Assembling All the Parts Installing the Battery Saver into a Vehicle Operating the Battery Saver Normal Operation Setting the Threshold Voltage Protection from the Environment Applying Cool Amp A Custom ph Meter 185 Why Build Your Own ph Meter? Required Tools Parts List Downloads About the ph Probe The Schematic Integrating the High-Impedance Probe General Design Notes The Op-Amp Circuit in Detail Some Notes on IC Selection Preparing the LCD The Breadboard Calibrating the Custom ph Meter About the Effects of Temperature Adding a Temperature Sensor Checking Accuracy xiv

7 The Sketch Smoothing the ph and Temperature Output Centering an Analog Meter The Shield Construction The Custom ph Meter Enclosure Mounting the Circuit Board Installing the Other Hardware Two Ballistic Chronographs 217 What Is a Ballistic Chronograph? Commercial Chronographs Measuring Muzzle Velocity This Project s Approach The Chronograph Lite Required Tools Parts List Downloads The Schematic Building a Test Bed The Breadboard The Sketch Construction The Full Ballistic Chronograph Required Tools Parts List Downloads Improving the Accuracy Designing the Full Ballistic Chronograph The Schematic The Sketch The Shield Soldering the Full Ballistic Chronograph Construction The Sensor Channel Building the Sensor Channel Optoschmitt Light Sensors and UV LEDs Sensor Umbilical Cable Final Setup and Operation Using the Full Ballistic Chronograph Using the Chronograph Lite The Square-Wave Generator 255 Why Build a Square-Wave Generator? What Is a Square Wave? Why Square Waves Are Useful A Frequency Counter xv

8 Shortcomings of the Square-Wave Generator Required Tools Parts List Downloads The Schematic Important Notes on the Pro Mini How the Square-Wave Generator Was Developed Deciding How to Generate Signals Planning How to Display the Frequency Signal Integrity Fine-tuning with a Decade Counter The Oscillator in Detail The Breadboard The Sketch The Shield Construction Preparing the Enclosure Wiring the Electronics Design Notes and Mods Displaying Frequency in Other Units Reading External Input Frequencies Battery Power The Chromatic Thermometer 279 Choosing a Temperature Sensor Required Tools Parts List Downloads How the Chromatic Thermometer Works The Schematic The Breadboard The Sketches Sketch for the LM35 System Sketch for the MCP9808 System How the Temperature Readouts Work The Shield Construction Using the Chromatic Thermometer index 303 xvi

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