Seamless Energy Management Systems. Part II: Development of Prototype Core Elements

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Project Report Power Systems Engineering Research

1 Seamless Energy Management Systems Part II: Development of Prototype Core Elements Final Project Report Power Systems Engineering Research Center Empowering Minds to Engineer the Future Electric Energy System

2 Seamless Energy Management Systems Part II: Development of Prototype Core Elements Final Project Report Project Faculty Team Santiago Grijalva, Georgia Institute of Technology Anjan Bose, Washington State University Polo Chau, Georgia Institute of Technology Graduate Research Students Leilei Xiong, Brian Minsuk Kahng, Robert Pienta Georgia Institute of Technology Yannan Wang, Pradeep Yemula Washington State University PSERC Publication 14-5 September 2014

3 For information about this project contact: Santiago Grijalva Georgia Power Distinguished Professor Director, Advanced Computational Electricity Systems (ACES) Laboratory School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta, Georgia Phone: Power Systems Engineering Research Center The Power Systems Engineering Research Center (PSERC) is a multi-university Center conducting research on challenges facing the electric power industry and educating the next generation of power engineers. More information about PSERC can be found at the Center s website: For additional information, contact: Power Systems Engineering Research Center Arizona State University 527 Engineering Research Center Tempe, Arizona Phone: Fax: Notice Concerning Copyright Material PSERC members are given permission to copy without fee all or part of this publication for internal use if appropriate attribution is given to this document as the source material. This report is available for downloading from the PSERC website Georgia Institute of Technology, All rights reserved.

4 Acknowledgements This is Part II of the final report for the Power Systems Engineering Research Center (PSERC) research project entitled Seamless Energy Management Systems (S-53G for ). The project has been sponsored by EPRI. We express our appreciation to EPRI and in particular Paul Myrda for his support and guidance for the project. We also express our appreciation for the support provided by PSERC s industrial members, as well as EPRI members, and by the National Science Foundation s Industry/University Cooperative Research Center program. i

5 Executive Summary This is the second in a series of reports about Seamless Energy Management Systems. The first report Seamless Energy Management Systems, Part I: Assessment of Energy Management Systems and Key Technological Requirements focused on an assessment of the current state-ofthe art in EMS architectures, and developed technological requirements for seamless systems. This second report focuses on a subset of core technologies for a seamless EMS prototype, including communication systems, unified model, and visualization. Energy management systems (EMS), control centers that manage the transmission-generation grid, have existed since the 1960s. They have gradually evolved over the years mostly in an incremental manner. Now, major transformation is of EMS systems is essential to support emerging behavior the power system, affected by variable and less predictable renewable energy penetration, availability of newer types of sensors, and communication systems, and powerful computation platforms. As part of this project, various seams have been identified that are of interest and that are apparent in current power system operations and control practices. These seams are: 1. Communication architecture of current systems is not suitable for enhanced sensing capability enabled by synchronized phasor measurement units (PMU) 2. The difficulty in comparing application results due to the utilization of different models in operations and planning, and to tie these models to PMU data 3. Repetitiveness of simulations in contingency analysis applications 4. Continued utilization of legacy code in today s software applications, which rely primarily on sequential computing rather than taking advantage of modern high performance computing technology 5. A lack of look-ahead visualization capabilities, which are critical for today s modern electric grid with its non-dispatchable renewables, increasing levels of demand response, and deployment of energy storage. There exists a need for next generation power system management tools that use unified geospatial models, more efficiently handle massive scenario evaluation such as contingency analysis, and provide look-ahead visualization capabilities. This report focuses on attempting to address some of these limitations. Chapter II of this report provides a summary of advances in fast communication systems for PMU applications, and it proposes a novel communication architecture that would support further deployment of PMUs. ii

6 In Chapter III, the unified network applications framework is extended to the study of contingencies that result in bus splits and bus mergers. Dynamic pointer assignment and incremental subnet processing allow seamless realization of consolidated representations necessary to model arbitrary post-contingency topologies. Numerical simulation results for a large scale ISO node-breaker model are used to quantitatively determine the advantages of the proposed framework. Chapter IV introduces the concept of using distribution factors to directly transition from the power flow solution of one system state to the contingency analysis results for a similar but different state is introduced. A new time-dependent PTDF is defined and combined with OTDFs to estimate post-contingency transmission line flows for a scenario that deviated slightly from the base case. Representative results for an illustrative 7-bus example and the IEEE 24-bus reliability test system are presented and compared against traditional distribution factor-based contingency analysis. In Chapter V, a novel 3D navigational method of visualization for the exploration of past, present, and future power system states is presented. The 3D stacking approach is illustrated on the PowerWorld 7-bus test system. As a complement to the 3D overview visualization, a 2D visualization interface that shows more detailed information is also discussed. Color was used to emphasize components that are threatened while the components under normal operation were grayed out. The user interaction was especially designed with detailed navigation and exploration of system changes over time in mind. Interactive pop-up bus labels, line charts, and detailed tabular views are all essential to achieve those goals. In Chapter VI we provide concluding remarks, and Chapter VII discusses possible future directions of research. iii

Phasor Measurements for Blackout Prevention

Phasor Measurements for Blackout Prevention Anjan Bose Washington State University Pullman, WA, USA i-pcgrid 2013 San Francisco, CA March 26-28, 2013 Monitoring the Power Grid (SCADA) Visualization Tables