Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence 5405

Transcription

1 Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence 5405 Edited by R. Goebel, J. Siekmann, and W. Wahlster Subseries of Lecture Notes in Computer Science

2 Michael Fisher Fariba Sadri Michael Thielscher (Eds.) Computational Logic in Multi-Agent Systems 9th International Workshop, CLIMA IX Dresden, Germany, September 29-30, 2008 Revised Selected and Invited Papers 13

3 Series Editors Randy Goebel, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada Jörg Siekmann, University of Saarland, Saarbrücken, Germany Wolfgang Wahlster, DFKI and University of Saarland, Saarbrücken, Germany Volume Editors Michael Fisher University of Liverpool Department of Computer Science Ashton Street, Liverpool, L69 3BX, UK Fariba Sadri Imperial College London Department of Computing 180 Queen s Gate, London, SW7 2AZ, UK fs@doc.ic.ac.uk Michael Thielscher Dresden University of Technology Department of Computer Science Artificial Intelligence Institute Computational Logic Group Nöthnitzer Str. 46, Dresden, Germany mit@inf.tu-dresden.de Library of Congress Control Number: CR Subject Classification (1998): F.3, D.3.2, F.4, I.2.3-4, D.3, H.1.1, G.2 LNCS Sublibrary: SL 7 Artificial Intelligence ISSN ISBN Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York ISBN Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, re-use of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Violations are liable to prosecution under the German Copyright Law. springer.com Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2009 Printed in Germany Typesetting: Camera-ready by author, data conversion by Scientific Publishing Services, Chennai, India Printed on acid-free paper SPIN: /

4 Organization CLIMA Steering Committee Jürgen Dix Michael Fisher João Leite Fariba Sadri Ken Satoh Francesca Toni Paolo Torroni Technical University of Clausthal, Germany University of Liverpool, UK New University of Lisbon, Portugal National Institute of Informatics, Japan University of Bologna, Italy CLIMA IX 2008 Program Committee Natasha Alechina Jose Julio Alferes Rafael H. Bordini Gerhard Brewka Stefania Costantini Mehdi Dastani Marina De Vos Juergen Dix Michael Fisher Chiara Ghidini James Harland Hisashi Hayashi Katsumi Inoue Joao Leite Fangzhen Lin Viviana Mascardi Paola Mello John Jules Meyer Leora Morgenstern Naoyuki Nide Mehmet Orgun Maurice Pagnucco Jeremy Pitt Enrico Pontelli Fariba Sadri Chiaki Sakama Ken Satoh Renate Schmidt University of Nottingham, UK New University of Lisbon, Portugal University of Durham, UK Leipzig University, Germany University of Aquila, Italy Utrecht University, The Netherlands University of Bath, UK Clausthal University of Technology, Germany University of Liverpool, UK FBK irst, Italy RMIT University, Australia Toshiba, Japan National Institute of Informatics, Japan New University of Lisbon, Portugal Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong University of Genoa, Italy University of Bologna, Italy Utrecht University, The Netherlands IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, USA Nara Women's University, Japan Macquarie University, Australia The University of New South Wales, Australia New Mexico State University, USA Wakayama University, Japan National Institute of Informatics, Japan The University of Manchester, UK

5 VIII Organization Tran Cao Son Michael Thielscher Francesca Toni Wiebe van der Hoek Cees Witteveen New Mexico State University, USA Dresden University of Technology, Germany University of Liverpool, UK Delft University of Technology, Netherlands CLIMA IX 2008 Additional Reviewers Francisco Azevedo Tristan Behrens Naoki Fukuta Wojtek Jamroga Jianmin Ji Naoyuki Nide Peter Novak Dmitry Tishkovsky Yisong Wang

6 Preface Multi-Agent Systems are communities of problem-solving entities that can exhibit varying degrees of intelligence. They can perceive and react to their environment, they can have individual or joint goals, for which they can plan and execute actions. Work on such systems integrates many technologies and concepts in artificial intelligence and other areas of computing as well as other disciplines. The agent paradigm has become very popular and widely used in recent years, due to its applicability to a large range of domains, from search engines to educational aids, to electronic commerce and trade, e-procurement, recommendation systems, and ambient intelligence, to cite only some. Computational logic provides a well-defined, general, and rigorous framework for studying syntax, semantics and procedures for various capabilities and functionalities of individual agents, as well as interaction amongst agents in multi-agent systems. It also provides a well-defined and rigorous framework for implementations, environments, tools, and standards, and for linking together specification and verification of properties of individual agents and multi-agent systems. The CLIMA workshop series was founded to provide a forum for discussing, presenting and promoting computational logic-based approaches in the design, development, analysis and application of multi-agent systems. The first workshop in this series took place in 1999 in Las Cruces, New Mexico, USA, under the title Multi-Agent Systems in Logic Programming (MASLP 1999), and was affiliated with ICLP The name of the workshop changed after that to Computational Logic in Multi-Agent Systems (CLIMA), and it has since been held in countries including UK, Cyprus, Denmark, USA, Portugal, Japan and Germany. Further information about the CLIMA series, including past and future events and publications can be found at The ninth edition of CLIMA (CLIMA IX) was held on September 2008 in Dresden, Germany. It was co-located with the 11th European Conference on Logics in Artificial Intelligence (JELIA 2008). More details about the event can be found at This volume of proceedings contains revised and improved versions of eight of the workshop regular papers and two invited contributions, one a full paper by Wojciech Jamroga, and another, an extended abstract by Mehdi Dastani. All the papers included in the proceedings have gone through a thorough revision process, with at least two rounds of reviewing. The papers cover a broad range of topics. The invited contributions discuss complexity results for model-checking temporal and strategic properties of multi-agent systems, and the challenges in design and development of programming languages for multi-agent systems. The topics discussed in the regular papers include the use of automata-based techniques for verifying agents conformance with protocols, and an approach based on the C+ action description language to provide formal specifications of social processes such as those used in business processes and social networks. Other topics include casting reasoning as planning and thus providing an analysis of reasoning with

7 VI Preface resource bounds, a discussion of the formal properties of Computational Tree Logic (CTL) extended with knowledge operators, and the use of argumentation in multiagent negotiation. We would like to thank all the authors for responding to the call for papers with their high quality submissions, and for revising their contributions for inclusion in this volume. We are also grateful to the members of the CLIMA IX 2008 Program Committee and other reviewers for their valuable work in reviewing and ensuring the quality of the accepted papers. We would also like to thank the local organizers in Dresden for all their help and support. We are grateful to them for handling all the registration details and providing an enjoyable social program. April 2009 Michael Fisher Fariba Sadri Michael Thielscher

8 Table of Contents Invited Papers Easy Yet Hard: Model Checking Strategies of Agents... 1 Wojciech Jamroga Programming Multi-agent Systems (Extended Abstract) Mehdi Dastani Regular Papers Verifying Agents Conformance with Multiparty Protocols Laura Giordano and Alberto Martelli Run-Time Semantics of a Language for Programming Social Processes Juan M. Serrano and Sergio Saugar Embedding Linear-Time Temporal Logic into Infinitary Logic: Application to Cut-Elimination for Multi-agent Infinitary Epistemic Linear-Time Temporal Logic Norihiro Kamide Bounded-Resource Reasoning as (Strong or Classical) Planning Alexandre Albore, Natasha Alechina, Piergiorgio Bertoli, Chiara Ghidini, and Brian Logan A Formal Framework for User Centric Control of Probabilistic Multi-agent Cyber-Physical Systems Marius C. Bujorianu, Manuela L. Bujorianu, and Howard Barringer Revisiting Satisfiability and Model-Checking for CTLK with Synchrony and Perfect Recall Cătălin Dima Contracts Violation: Justification via Argumentation Stefania Costantini, Arianna Tocchio, and Panagiota Tsintza Argument-Based Decision Making and Negotiation in E-Business: Contracting a Land Lease for a Computer Assembly Plant Phan Minh Dung, Phan Minh Thang, and Nguyen Duy Hung Author Index