Real Time Implementation of Power Electronics System

Transcription

1 Real Time Implementation of Power Electronics System Prof.Darshan S.Patel M.Tech (Power Electronics & Drives) Assistant Professor,Department of Electrical Engineering Sankalchand Patel College of Engineerig-Visnagar URL:

2 What is power electronics? Power Electronics: is the electronics applied to conversion and control of electric power. milli watts mega watts giga watts

3 POWER INPUT v i, i i Power Processor POWER OUTPUT v o, i o Source Load Controller measurement reference

4 Technology Associated with Efficient Conversion, Control and Conditioning of electric power/energy using semiconductor devices from any available electric input form to any desirable output power form. Input Electric Power :AC/DC in the form of (Voltage/Current) Output Electric Power :AC/DC in the form of (Voltage/Current)

5 The Interdisciplinary Nature William E. Newell s description Electronics Devices,circuits Power Electronics 学 Continuous, discrete Control Power 学 Static & rotating power equipment Power electronics is the interface between electronics and power.

6 Circuit Ct theory Electric machines Systems& Control theory Power electronics Signal Processing Simulation & computing electronics Power systems Electromagnetics Solid state physics

7 The Lohner-Porsche Mixte Hybrid was the first hybrid vehicle developed by Ferdinand Porsche. (1990 s)

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9 Battery operated 2 Wheelers

10 Power semiconductor devices (Power switches) Power switches: work-horses of PE systems. Operates in two states: Fully on. i.e. switch closed. POWER SWITCH Conducting state I I=0 Fully off, i.e. switch opened. Blocking state V in V switch = 0 V in V switch = V in Power switch never operates in linear mode. SWITCH ON (fully closed) SWITCH OFF (fully opened)

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12 Can be categorised into three groups: Uncontrolled: Diode Semi-controlled: Thyristor (SCR). Fully controlled: Power transistors: e.g. BJT, MOSFET, IGBT, GTO, IGCT 12

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14 C (collector) I C G (gate) + V GE _ + V CE _ E (emitter)

15 AC input DC output

16 DC input DC output

17 DC input AC output

18 V 0(RMS) AC Input Voltage f s V s f s AC Voltage Controller Variable AC RMS O/P Voltage f S

19 Power Conversion Concept Supply from 50Hz, 240V RMS (340V peak). Customer need DC voltage for welding purpose, say. V s (Volt) sine-wave supply gives zero DC component! tim e We can use simple half-wave rectifier. A fixed DC voltage is now obtained. This is a simple PE system. V o V dc tim e

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21 How if customer wants variable DC voltage? More complex circuit using SCR is required. v s i a i g wt + v s _ + v o _ v o wt i g a wt 21

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24 Sine PWM.

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27 AC-AC Converter AC Voltage Controller

28 Simulink Diagram Continuous pow ergui Pulse Generator g m a k Detailed Thyristor i + - Current Measurement Detailed Thyristor1 m g Scope k a + Series RLC Branch + - Voltage Measurement v AC Voltage Source + - Voltage Measurement1 v Pulse Generator1 DC Voltage Source

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30 What about Real Time??? Simulation is for the verification only Hardware Implementation is must for the Power conversion. HOW????? Microcontrollers DSPs FPGA

31 Moore's law

32 Popular Microcontrollers Early day (1970 s/80 s) Intel 8048 Intel 8051 Zilog Z8 Motorola 68HC05

33 Popular Microcontrollers Current day Microchip PIC / PICAXE Amtel AVR / ATmega Cortex M3

34 Hardware Implementation of Full Bridge Inverter using 89C51

35 Block Diagram

36 Hardware Implementation Power Circuit Control Circuit

37 Testing of controller card in Proteus software

38 Microcontroller Card

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42 Simulation/Hardware Results

43 ds PIC Microcontrollers High-Performance, 16-bit Digital Signal Controllers Timer/Counters, up to nine 16-bit timers: - Can pair up to make four 32-bit timers - Programmable prescaler Input Capture (up to 8 channels): - 16-bit capture input functions - 4-deep FIFO on each capture Output Compare (up to 8 channels) - Single or Dual 16-Bit Compare mode - 16-bit Glitch less PWM mode

44 Ardunio A free development system based on Atmel AVR 8 bit microcontrollers.

45 What do these do? Digital IO (LEDs, switches) Analog IO (resistive sensor data) Serial Connection (Sensors, GPS etc..) Program from your computer Your limit is only your creativity!

46 Arduino I/O Boards

47 What is Arduino? Open Source Hardware, you can make your own board, or buy one. Cheap, easily available. Open Source Software. Very widespread, many projects openly available. Inexpensive ($ 29 from Sparkfun)

48 Arduino (ATmega based) The 555 of the 21 st century Open Source Hardware Open architecture for expansion USB, Ethernet, wireless, motor, LCD Open Source Software Development Tools Integrated Development Environment Rich library sets for supporting peripherals I/O

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50 Arduino Instruction Set

51 Arduino Board Overview

52 Arduino Language C like syntax, but simplified Abstracts the pin naming to numbers Trades efficience for ease of use Easy to learn, yet powerful Lots of example code Easy to reuse C-code from other projects Libraries can be written in C++ Lots of libraries available

53 Programming the Arduino

54 Sample code for LED // Pin 13 has an LED connected on most Arduino boards. // give it a name: int led = 13; // the setup routine runs once when you press reset: void setup() { } // initialize the digital pin as an output. pinmode(led, OUTPUT); // the loop routine runs over and over again forever: void loop() { } digitalwrite(led, HIGH); // turn the LED on (HIGH is the voltage level) delay(1000); // wait for a second digitalwrite(led, LOW); // turn the LED off by making the voltage LOW delay(1000); // wait for a second

55 A call to analog Write() is on a scale of 0-255, such that analog. Write (255) requests a 100% duty cycle (always on). Analog Write(127) is a 50% duty cycle (on half the time) for example.

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57 dspace Work Station

58 dspace DS1103 system consisting of: DS1103 Board. Expansion Box. CLP1103 PPC Connector and LED Panel. Control Desk Version 3.2.2/Other dspace provided Software Applications. PC dedicated to the workstation containing other software applications required (Matlab/Simulink Version R2008a and libraries).

59 DS1103 Workstation

60 PWM Output lses_ms_in Sum K Gain_out Kz Kz_out z z z z Gc TF_out Hz_DutyCycle Duty 0_to_1 DutyCycle PWM Channel 1 PWM Channel 2 PWM Channel 3 PWM Output Ground PWM Channel 4 DS1103 SL_DSP_PWM 1000 pulses_ms_to_hz Hz Hz_to_RPM RPM_out Terminator 1

61 Hardware Implementation of Three Level CHB inverter using DSP

62 Simulation of Three Phase Three Level CHB Inverter Cascaded H bridge Inverter Load PWM Controller 62

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64 Block Diagram DC LINK Three Level Cascaded H bridge Inverter Load PWM Controller 64

65 Arrangement of DC Link Given CHB Topology of Multilevel inverter needed Three separate DC Link for three module of H Bridge. For that Three transformer for isolation and three rectifier is used for generate the DC Link Voltage. 65

66 Three Level CHB Inverter Power Circuit 66

67 Three Level CHB Inverter Power Circuit For the Proposed Prototype Three Phase Three Level Inverter 12 IGBTs Used of Infineon make IKW40T120. Two carriers and one Modulating signal needed for generating the pulses for 12 IGBTs. Separate Three DC Links needed for the proposed prototype. 67

68 Block Diagram of the Control Circuit From The TMS320F24PQ DSP control card 12 Signals Generated which distribute into the four of top and bottom signals for each module Leg. Into the FRC connector card six 14 Pins connectors are used from which each connector gives the top bottom pulses to the each leg. 68

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70 TMS320F240PQ Control Card DSP Signal to GATE Signals From The DSP to Driver card DRIVER Through Through FRC FRC 70

71 FRC Connector 71

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75 Power Testing The prototype testing of the three-level inverter has been carried out and the results have been verified. Various quantities and waveforms have been observed and recorded for the further analysis. The 3-level Phase Shifted SPWM scheme is used for the PWM signal generation. During the Power Testing of the Inverter line to neutral and line to line voltages waveform observed and satisfactory results obtained. 75

76 Waveforms for Line to Neutral Voltages Van Vcn 76

77 Popular Digital Controllers Texas Instruments(TI) Microcontrollers And Digital Signal Processors MSP430 TMS320F2407 TMS Series Piccolo, Delfino, Concerto etc. Micro-Chip DsPIC Micro-controllers DSPACE Simulink Based Controller RT-1104 RT-1103 RT 1105 OPAL-RT National Instruments(NI) Lab-View FPGA Based Digital Controllers Xilinx, Altera

78 OPAL RT

79 Large Scale Power Grid Simulation Smart Grid and Renewable Energy High Voltage Power Electronics Plugin Hybrid and Drives Control and Data Acquisition

80 Virtual Instrumentation With Lab VIEW

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82 Some IDEs

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84 U can Down load this Presentation Thank U

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