Factories and Workers

Transcription

1 The Industrial Revolution Factories and Workers Main Idea The transition from cottage industries changed how people worked in factories, what life was like in factory towns, labor conditions, and eventually processes within factories. Content Statement 9/Learning Goal Analyze the social, political and economic effects of industrialization on Western Europe and the world. Easy terms: How did Industrialization impact society, government, and the economy?

2 Industrial Revolution Ch 7-2 WS The Industrial Revolution Advantages Produce more items Produce items for lower price More jobs Growth of the middle class Less skill involved in work; more employable Wealth for owners Growth of cities Disadvantages Quality of items in question Pollution surrounding factories Working conditions: 1,000 injuries reported to one hospital each year due to factory work. Hiring of immigrants causes tension STRIKES! MUNDANE, Repetitious JOBS Lower wages Sanitation: 6 of every10 children died before age 5 City of Manchester: 2 toilets per 250 residents

3 The Industrial Revolution Ch 7-2 Vocabulary p.242 Labor union: Strike: Mass production: Interchangeable parts : Assembly line

4 The Industrial Revolution Ch 7-2 Vocabulary p.242 Labor union: an organization representing workers interests Strike: work stoppage Mass production: the system of manufacturing large numbers of identical items Interchangeable parts : identical parts that can replace each other. Assembly line: a mass production process in which a product is moved forward through many work stations, where workers perform specific tasks

5 The Industrial Revolution Production before Factories Work in the Home Raw materials delivered Work done to completion Merchant takes product to market Workers controlled schedules, quality Family life revolved around business. All work done at home. Problems for Cottage Industries Destruction of equipment Time to learn skills Physical strength required Factory owners took advantage of drawbacks

6 The Industrial Revolution Where employees worked Major change from cottage industry Had to leave home to work Hardships for some workers Working in a factory Life in factory towns Factories and Factory Towns Dangerous work for all Long workdays Poor factory conditions common Towns grew up around factories Urbanization Towns, factories rose near coal mines Sanitation poor in many factory towns: 2 toilets per 250 residents. 6 of 10 children died before age of 5.

7 The Factory System and Workers The Industrial Revolution Workers in a New Economy Cottage Workers Unrest Wealthy to invest in, own factories Mid-level to run factories Low-level to run machines Handmade goods more expensive than factory made Luddite movement, 1811 Violence spread, 1812 Changing Labor Conditions No government regulation Labor unions organized Strikes brought change Sadler Report 1832 brought to light abuses of factory system Parliament legalizes unions in 1871 New Class of Workers Growth of middle class Managers, accountants, engineers, mechanics, salesmen NOT WORKING CLASS!! Economy increased

8 The Industrial Revolution Page 246

9 Factories and Mass Production The Industrial Revolution The factory system changed the world of work. In addition, new processes further changed how people worked in factories. Mass Production Mass production began in U.S. Mass Production possible because of: Interchangeable parts Assembly line Production and repair more efficient Production more swift Effects of Mass Production Dramatic increase in production Businesses charged less Affordable goods More repetitious jobs Soon became norm