Experiment 1 Identification of Components and Breadboard Realization

Transcription

1 Experiment 1 Identification of Components and Breadboard Realization Aim: Introduction to the lab and identification of various components and realization using bread board. Hardware/Software Required: 1) Jumper/connecting Wires 2) Breadboard 3) Resistor Procedure: In this part, students are be familiarized with breadboard, various resistors and basic components. To accomplish this experiment using Breadboard follow the steps as below: 1) Realize series, parallel connections and functioning of breadboard with understanding of ground. 2) Practice connecting various resistors and connecting wires to understand given simple sample circuit. Circuit Realization: In this section student should practice breadboard connections with random components and connecting wires using various combinations in series and parallel. KL UNIVERSITY 1

2 Experiment - 2 Interfacing LED to Arduino Aim: Write a program and demonstrate blinking of LED interfacing with Arduino UNO Hardware/Software Required: 1) Personal Computer 2) Arduino UNO Hardware 3) Arduino UNO Software 4) LED 5) Jumper/connecting Wires 6) Breadboard 7) Resistor (Optional) Block Diagram: ARDUINO L E D Figure: Block diagram of Experiment Procedure (Arduino Program Code & Hardware Implementation): In this part, students should write a program to blink led by connecting on breadboard with various delays of ON and OFF time. To accomplish this experiment using Breadboard Arduino Board and Arduino software follow the steps given below: 1) Open Arduino IDE. 2) On the Arduino menu, select file and create a new file. 3) Type the program as given below. 4) Go to sketch menu and click on select/verify. KL UNIVERSITY 2

3 5) Rectify errors if any. 6) Connect Arduino and related components as shown in figure. 7) After connections select upload option from sketch menu. 8) Observe the output. Program Code: void setup() { // initialize digital pin 13 as an output. pinmode(13, OUTPUT); // the loop function runs over and over again forever void loop() { digitalwrite(13, HIGH); // turn the LED on (HIGH is the voltage level) delay(1000); // wait for a second digitalwrite(13, LOW); // turn the LED off by making the voltage LOW delay(1000); // wait for a second Circuit Realization: Figure: Circuit connections KL UNIVERSITY 3

4 Experiment - 3 Interfacing of Push Button to Arduino Aim: Write a program and demonstrate blinking of LED using switch interfacing with Arduino UNO. Hardware/Software Required: 1) Personal Computer 2) Arduino UNO Hardware 3) Arduino UNO Software 4) LED 5) Push Button 6) Jumper/connecting Wires 7) Breadboard 8) Resistor Block Diagram: B U T T O N ARDUINO L E D Figure: Block diagram of Experiment Procedure (Arduino Program Code & Hardware Implementation): In this part, students should write a program to read the state of a button connected to pin 2 (it may be changed). To accomplish this experiment using Breadboard Arduino Board and Arduino software follow the steps given below: 1) Open Arduino IDE. 2) On the Arduino menu, select file and create a new file. 3) Type the program as given below. 4) Go to sketch menu and click on select/verify. 5) Rectify errors if any. 6) Connect Arduino and related components as shown in figure. KL UNIVERSITY 4

5 7) After connections select upload option from sketch menu. 8) Observe the output. Program Code: const int buttonpin = 2; const int ledpin = 3; int buttonstate = 0; void setup() { pinmode(ledpin, OUTPUT); pinmode(buttonpin, INPUT); void loop() { buttonstate = digitalread(buttonpin); if (buttonstate == HIGH) { digitalwrite(ledpin, HIGH); else if (buttonstate == LOW) { digitalwrite(ledpin, LOW); Circuit Realization: Figure: Circuit connections KL UNIVERSITY 5

6 Experiment - 4 Interfacing of 7-Segment Display to Arduino Aim: Write a program and demonstrate 7-Segment display interfacing with Arduino UNO. Hardware/Software Required: 1) Arduino UNO Hardware 2) Arduino UNO Software 3) Seven Segment Display 4) Jumper/connecting Wires 5) Breadboard 6) Resistor (Optional) Block Diagram: B U T T O N ARDUINO 7-SEGMENT LED Figure: Block diagram of Experiment Procedure (Arduino Program Code & Hardware Implementation): To accomplish this experiment using Breadboard Arduino Board and Arduino software follow the steps given below: 1) Open Arduino IDE. 2) On the Arduino menu, select file and create a new file. 3) Type the program as given below. 4) Go to sketch menu and click on select/verify. 5) Rectify errors if any. 6) Connect Arduino and related components as shown in figure. KL UNIVERSITY 6

7 7) After connections select upload option from sketch menu. 8) Observe the output. Program Code: void setup() { pinmode(2, OUTPUT); pinmode(3, OUTPUT); pinmode(4, OUTPUT); pinmode(5, OUTPUT); pinmode(6, OUTPUT); pinmode(7, OUTPUT); pinmode(8, OUTPUT); pinmode(9, OUTPUT); digitalwrite(9, 0); // start with the "dot" off void loop() { // write '0' digitalwrite(2, 1); digitalwrite(3, 1); digitalwrite(4, 1); digitalwrite(5, 1); digitalwrite(6, 1); digitalwrite(7, 1); digitalwrite(8, 0); delay(1000); // write '1' digitalwrite(2, 0); digitalwrite(3, 1); digitalwrite(4, 1); digitalwrite(5, 0); digitalwrite(6, 0); digitalwrite(7, 0); digitalwrite(8, 0); delay(1000); // write '2' digitalwrite(2, 1); digitalwrite(3, 1); digitalwrite(4, 0); digitalwrite(5, 1); digitalwrite(6, 1); digitalwrite(7, 0); digitalwrite(8, 1); digitalwrite(2, 1); digitalwrite(3, 0); digitalwrite(4, 1); digitalwrite(5, 1); digitalwrite(6, 0); digitalwrite(7, 1); digitalwrite(8, 1); delay(1000); // write '6' digitalwrite(2, 1); digitalwrite(3, 0); digitalwrite(4, 1); digitalwrite(5, 1); digitalwrite(6, 1); digitalwrite(7, 1); digitalwrite(8, 1); delay(1000); // write '7' digitalwrite(2, 1); digitalwrite(3, 1); digitalwrite(4, 1); digitalwrite(5, 0); digitalwrite(6, 0); digitalwrite(7, 0); digitalwrite(8, 0); delay(1000); // write '8' digitalwrite(2, 1); digitalwrite(3, 1); digitalwrite(4, 1); digitalwrite(5, 1); digitalwrite(6, 1); digitalwrite(7, 1); digitalwrite(8, 1); delay(1000); // write '9' digitalwrite(2, 1); digitalwrite(3, 1); digitalwrite(4, 1); digitalwrite(5, 1); KL UNIVERSITY 7

8 delay(1000); // write '3' digitalwrite(2, 1); digitalwrite(3, 1); digitalwrite(4, 1); digitalwrite(5, 1); digitalwrite(6, 0); digitalwrite(7, 0); digitalwrite(8, 1); delay(1000); // write '4' digitalwrite(2, 0); digitalwrite(3, 1); digitalwrite(4, 1); digitalwrite(5, 0); digitalwrite(6, 0); digitalwrite(7, 1); digitalwrite(8, 1); delay(1000); // write '5' digitalwrite(6, 0); digitalwrite(7, 1); digitalwrite(8, 1); delay(1000); Circuit Realization: Figure: Circuit connections KL UNIVERSITY 8

9 Figure: On board connections example KL UNIVERSITY 9

10 Experiment - 5 Interfacing of LCD Display to Arduino Aim: Write a program and demonstrate liquid crystal display (LCD) interfacing with Arduino UNO. Hardware/Software Required: 1) Arduino UNO Hardware 2) Arduino UNO Software 3) LCD 4) Jumper/connecting Wires 5) Breadboard 6) Resistor (Optional) Block Diagram: B U T T O N ARDUINO LCD Figure: Block diagram of Experiment Procedure (Arduino Program Code & Hardware Implementation): To accomplish this experiment using Breadboard Arduino Board and Arduino software follow the steps given below: 1) Open Arduino IDE. 2) On the Arduino menu, select file and create a new file. 3) Type the program as given below. 4) Go to sketch menu and click on select/verify. 5) Rectify errors if any. 6) Connect Arduino and related components as shown in figure. 7) After connections select upload option from sketch menu. KL UNIVERSITY 10

11 8) Observe the output. Program Code: // include the LCD library #include <LiquidCrystal.h> // initialize the library with the numbers of the interface pins LiquidCrystal lcd(12, 11, 5, 4, 3, 2); void setup() { // set up the LCD's number of columns and rows: lcd.begin(16, 2); void loop() { lcd.setcursor(0, 0); lcd.print("embedded SYSTEMS"); lcd.setcursor(0, 1); lcd.print("klu HYDERABAD"); Circuit Realization: Figure: Circuit connections KL UNIVERSITY 11

12 Figure: On board connections example KL UNIVERSITY 12

13 Experiment - 6 Interfacing of DC Motor with Arduino Aim: Write a program and demonstrate DC Motor interfacing with Arduino UNO. Hardware/Software Required: 1) Arduino UNO Hardware 2) Arduino UNO Software 3) DC Motor 4) Motor Driver 5) Jumper/connecting Wires 6) Breadboard 7) Resistor (Optional) Block Diagram: ARDUINO D R I V E R DC MOTOR DC MOTOR Figure: Block diagram of Experiment Procedure (Arduino Program Code & Hardware Implementation): To accomplish this experiment using Breadboard Arduino Board and Arduino software follow the steps given below: 1) Open Arduino IDE. 2) On the Arduino menu, select file and create a new file. 3) Type the program as given below. 4) Go to sketch menu and click on select/verify. 5) Rectify errors if any. 6) Connect Arduino and related components as shown in figure. KL UNIVERSITY 13

14 7) After connections select upload option from sketch menu. 8) Observe the output. Program Code: #include <LiquidCrystal.h> LiquidCrystal lcd(13, 12, 11, 10, 9, 8); //RF Robot int sw1 =4; int sw2 =5; int sw3 =6; int out1=2; int out2=3; void setup() { pinmode(out1,output); pinmode(out2,output); pinmode(sw1,input); pinmode(sw2,input); lcd.begin(16, 2); lcd.print("dc MOTOR"); lcd.setcursor(0,1); lcd.print("control"); delay(1000); void loop() { digitalwrite(sw1,high); digitalwrite(sw2,high); if ((digitalread(sw1)==low) && (digitalread(sw2)==high)) { digitalwrite(out1,high); digitalwrite(out2,low); KL UNIVERSITY 14

15 lcd.clear(); lcd.print("motor CCW"); delay(500); else if ((digitalread(sw1)==high) && (digitalread(sw2)==low)) { digitalwrite(out1,low); digitalwrite(out2,high); lcd.clear(); lcd.print("motor CW"); delay(500); else if ((digitalread(sw1)==high) && (digitalread(sw2)==high) && (digitalread(sw3)==low)) { digitalwrite(out1,low); digitalwrite(out2,low); lcd.clear(); lcd.print("motor STOP"); delay(500); KL UNIVERSITY 15

16 Circuit Realization: Figure: Possible Circuit with Display connections Figure: On board connections example KL UNIVERSITY 16

17 Experiment - 7 Interfacing Temperature Sensor (LM35) to Arduino Aim: Write a program and demonstrate LM-35 (temperature sensor) interfacing with Arduino UNO. Hardware/Software Required: 1) Arduino UNO Hardware 2) Arduino UNO Software 3) LM-35 4) Display (Optional) 5) Jumper/connecting Wires 6) Breadboard 7) Resistor (Optional) Block Diagram: LM35 (TEMP. SENSOR) ARDUINO MONITOR Figure: Block diagram of Experiment Procedure (Arduino Program Code & Hardware Implementation): To accomplish this experiment using Breadboard Arduino Board and Arduino software follow the steps given below: 1) Open Arduino IDE. 2) On the Arduino menu, select file and create a new file. 3) Type the program as given below. 4) Go to sketch menu and click on select/verify. 5) Rectify errors if any. 6) Connect Arduino and related components as shown in figure. KL UNIVERSITY 17

18 7) After connections select upload option from sketch menu. 8) Observe the output. Program Code: #include <LiquidCrystal.h> LiquidCrystal lcd(12,11,5,4,3,2); int temppin = A0; // the output pin of LM35 int temp; void setup() { Serial.begin(9600); lcd.begin(16,2); lcd.setcursor(0,0); lcd.print("temperature"); lcd.setcursor(0,1); lcd.print("indicator"); delay(2000); lcd.clear(); void loop() { temp = *analogRead(A0); Serial.print("Temperature:"); Serial.print(temp); Serial.println("degree"); lcd.print("temp: "); lcd.print(temp); // display the temperature lcd.print(" C "); delay(500); lcd.clear(); Circuit Realization: KL UNIVERSITY 18

19 Figure: Possible Circuit with Display connections Figure: On board connections example KL UNIVERSITY 19

20 Experiment - 8 Interfacing of Relay to Arduino Aim: Write a program and demonstrate relay interfacing with Arduino UNO to glow a bulb. Hardware/Software Required: 1) Arduino UNO Hardware 2) Arduino UNO Software 3) LM-35 4) Display (Optional) 5) Jumper/connecting Wires 6) Breadboard 7) Resistor (Optional) Block Diagram: B U T T O N ARDUINO R E L A Y B U L B Figure: Block diagram of Experiment Procedure (Arduino Program Code & Hardware Implementation): To accomplish this experiment using Breadboard Arduino Board and Arduino software follow the steps given below: 1) Open Arduino IDE. 2) On the Arduino menu, select file and create a new file. 3) Type the program as given below. 4) Go to sketch menu and click on select/verify. 5) Rectify errors if any. 6) Connect Arduino and related components as shown in figure. 7) After connections select upload option from sketch menu. KL UNIVERSITY 20

21 8) Observe the output. Program Code: void setup() { // initialize digital pin 5 as an output. pinmode(5, OUTPUT); // the loop function runs over and over again forever void loop() { digitalwrite(5, HIGH); // turn the Relay on (HIGH is the voltage level) delay(3000); // wait for 3 seconds digitalwrite(5, LOW); // turn the Relay off by making the voltage LOW delay(5000); // wait for 5 seconds Circuit Realization: Figure: On board connections example KL UNIVERSITY 21

22 Experiment - 9 Interfacing LDR Sensor with Arduino Aim: Write a program and demonstrate light dependent register (LDR) interfacing with Arduino UNO. Hardware/Software Required: 1) Arduino UNO Hardware 2) Arduino UNO Software 3) LDR 4) Display (Optional) 5) Jumper/connecting Wires 6) Breadboard 7) Resistor (Optional) Block Diagram: LDR ARDUINO MONITOR Figure: Block diagram of Experiment Procedure (Arduino Program Code & Hardware Implementation): To accomplish this experiment using Breadboard Arduino Board and Arduino software follow the steps given below: 1) Open Arduino IDE. 2) On the Arduino menu, select file and create a new file. 3) Type the program as given below. 4) Go to sketch menu and click on select/verify. 5) Rectify errors if any. 6) Connect Arduino and related components as shown in figure. 7) After connections select upload option from sketch menu. KL UNIVERSITY 22

23 8) Observe the output. Program Code: void setup() { Serial.begin(9600); // the loop function runs over and over again forever void loop() { int x=analogread(a0); Serial.println(x); Int y=x/4; analogwrite(5,y); delay(100); Circuit Realization: Figure: On board connections example KL UNIVERSITY 23

24 Experiment - 10 Interfacing of Humidity and Temperature Sensor(DHT11) to Arduino Aim: Write a program and display temperature and humidity by interfacing DHT 11 with Arduino UNO. Hardware/Software Required: 1) Arduino UNO Hardware 2) Arduino UNO Software 3) DHT11 4) Display (Optional) 5) Jumper/connecting Wires 6) Breadboard 7) Resistor (Optional) Block Diagram: DH11 ARDUINO MONITOR Figure: Block diagram of Experiment Procedure (Arduino Program Code & Hardware Implementation): To accomplish this experiment using Breadboard Arduino Board and Arduino software follow the steps given below: 1) Open Arduino IDE. 2) Import DHT11 Library 3) On the Arduino menu, select file and create a new file. 4) Type the program as given below. 5) Go to sketch menu and click on select/verify. 6) Rectify errors if any. KL UNIVERSITY 24

25 7) Connect Arduino and related components as shown in figure. 8) After connections select upload option from sketch menu. 9) Observe the output. Program Code: #include "DHT.h" #define DHTPIN 2 // what pin we're connected to #define DHTTYPE DHT11 // DHT 11 DHT dht(dhtpin, DHTTYPE); #include <LiquidCrystal.h> LiquidCrystal lcd( 12, 11, 7, 6, 5, 4); void setup() { // set up the LCD's number of columns and rows: lcd.begin(16,2); dht.begin(); void loop() { // Reading temperature or humidity takes about 250 milliseconds! // Sensor readings may also be up to 2 seconds 'old' (its a very slow sensor) int h = dht.readhumidity(); int t = dht.readtemperature(); KL UNIVERSITY 25

26 // set the cursor to (0,0): lcd.setcursor(0, 0); // print from 0 to 9: lcd.print("temp: "); lcd.print(t); lcd.print("c"); // set the cursor to (16,1): lcd.setcursor(0,1); lcd.print("humidity: "); lcd.print(h); lcd.print("%"); delay(200); Circuit Realization: Figure: On board connections example KL UNIVERSITY 26

27 Experiment - 11 Interfacing of Stepper Motor to Arduino Aim: Write a program and demonstrate rotation of stepper motor interfacing with Arduino UNO. Hardware/Software Required: 1) Arduino UNO Hardware 2) Arduino UNO Software 3) Stepper Motor 4) ULN2003 Driver 5) Display (Optional) 6) Jumper/connecting Wires 7) Breadboard 8) Resistor (Optional) Block Diagram: ARDUINO D R I V E R STEPPER MOTOR Figure: Block diagram of Experiment Procedure (Arduino Program Code & Hardware Implementation): To accomplish this experiment using Breadboard Arduino Board and Arduino software follow the steps given below: 1) Open Arduino IDE. 2) On the Arduino menu, select file and create a new file. 3) Type the program as given below. 4) Go to sketch menu and click on select/verify. 5) Rectify errors if any. 6) Connect Arduino and related components as shown in figure. KL UNIVERSITY 27

28 7) After connections select upload option from sketch menu. 8) Observe the output. Program Code: /* Stepper Motor Control - one revolution This program drives a unipolar or bipolar stepper motor. The motor is attached to digital pins 8-11 of the Arduino. The motor should revolve one revolution in one direction, then one revolution in the other direction. */ #include <Stepper.h> const int stepsperrevolution = 200; // change this to fit the number of steps per revolution // for your motor // initialize the stepper library on pins 8 through 11: Stepper mystepper(stepsperrevolution, 8, 9, 10, 11); void setup() { // set the speed at 60 rpm: mystepper.setspeed(60); // initialize the serial port: Serial.begin(9600); void loop() { // step one revolution in one direction: Serial.println("clockwise"); mystepper.step(stepsperrevolution); delay(500); // step one revolution in the other direction: Serial.println("counterclockwise"); mystepper.step(-stepsperrevolution); delay(500); Circuit Realization: KL UNIVERSITY 28

29 Figure: On board circuit example KL UNIVERSITY 29

30 Experiment - 12 Interfacing of Gas Sensor(MQ2) to Arduino Aim: Write a program and demonstrate gas sensor (MQX) interfacing with Arduino UNO. Hardware/Software Required: 1) Arduino UNO Hardware 2) Arduino UNO Software 3) MQ2 Sensor 4) Display (Optional) 5) Jumper/connecting Wires 6) Breadboard 7) Resistor (Optional) Block Diagram: MQX (GAS SENSOR) ARDUINO MONITOR Figure: Block diagram of Experiment Procedure (Arduino Program Code & Hardware Implementation): To accomplish this experiment using Breadboard Arduino Board and Arduino software follow the steps given below: 1) Open Arduino IDE. 2) On the Arduino menu, select file and create a new file. 3) Type the program as given below. 4) Go to sketch menu and click on select/verify. 5) Rectify errors if any. 6) Connect Arduino and related components as shown in figure. 7) After connections select upload option from sketch menu. KL UNIVERSITY 30

31 8) Observe the output. Program Code: void setup() { Serial.begin(9600); // the loop function runs over and over again forever void loop() { int x=analogread(a0); Serial.println(x); delay(1000); Circuit Realization: Figure:) On board circuit example KL UNIVERSITY 31

32 Experiment - 13 Interfacing of IR Remote(TSOP-1738) to Arduino Aim: Write a program and demonstrate IR sensor TSOP-1738 interfacing with Arduino UNO Hardware/Software Required: 1) Arduino UNO Hardware 2) Arduino UNO Software 3) TSOP ) LEDs (It can be used for any other devise such as Television remote control) 5) Display (Optional) 6) Jumper/connecting Wires 7) Breadboard 8) Resistor (Optional) Block Diagram: IR Sensor ARDUINO 4-LED s Figure: Block diagram of Experiment Procedure (Arduino Program Code & Hardware Implementation): By using arduino and IR Receiver TSOP 1738 we can decode any infrared remote code into hex or some other format. Before constructing the circuit check datasheet of IR receiver having in your hand, hence you can connect proper bias pins and output pin. To accomplish this experiment using Breadboard Arduino Board and Arduino software follow the steps given below: 1) Open Arduino IDE. 2) On the Arduino menu, select file and create a new file. 3) Type the program as given below. KL UNIVERSITY 32

33 4) Go to sketch menu and click on select/verify. 5) Rectify errors if any. 6) Connect Arduino and related components as shown in figure. 7) After connections select upload option from sketch menu. 8) Observe the output. Circuit Realization: Figure: IR Sensor application for remote control Figure: Final Connections KL UNIVERSITY 33

34 Figure: On board circuit example In this experiment first student have to execute the IRrecvDemo example program from the arduino IR library example and decoded IR rays from remote. (Note: If you have any error while running this library, remove IRremoteTools.cpp from libraries\robotirremote\irremotetools.cpp) Part1: Receiving IR Hex Code Arduino Code for Receiving IR as Hex code is given in program 1. Program Code 1: #include <IRremote.h> int RECV_PIN = 11; IRrecv irrecv(recv_pin); decode_results results; KL UNIVERSITY 34

35 void setup() { Serial.begin(9600); irrecv.enableirin(); // Start the receiver void loop(){ if (irrecv.decode(&results)) { Serial.println(results.value, HEX); irrecv.resume(); // Receive the next value Part-2: Remote Control With Arduino Then we used decoded data as switching condition in arduino sketch to turn on and off the three LEDs. Program Code 2: #include <IRremote.h> int RECV_PIN = 11; // int output1 = 2; int output2 = 4; int output3 = 6; int itsonled[] = {0,0,0,0; #define code1 0xFF807F // #define code2 0xFFA05F // #define code3 0xFF906F // IRrecv irrecv(recv_pin); decode_results results; KL UNIVERSITY 35

36 void setup() { Serial.begin(9600); // irrecv.enableirin(); // pinmode(output1, OUTPUT); pinmode(output2, OUTPUT); pinmode(output3, OUTPUT); void loop() { if (irrecv.decode(&results)) { unsigned int value = results.value; switch(value) { case code1: if(itsonled[1] == 1) { // digitalwrite(output1, LOW); // itsonled[1] = 0; // else { // digitalwrite(output1, HIGH); // itsonled[1] = 1; // break; case code2: KL UNIVERSITY 36

37 if(itsonled[2] == 1) { digitalwrite(output2, LOW); itsonled[2] = 0; else { digitalwrite(output2, HIGH); itsonled[2] = 1; break; case code3: if(itsonled[3] == 1) { digitalwrite(output3, LOW); itsonled[3] = 0; else { digitalwrite(output3, HIGH); itsonled[3] = 1; break; Serial.println(value); // you can comment this line irrecv.resume(); // Receive the next value KL UNIVERSITY 37