STANDARD LIMITATIONS IN ACCORDANCE WITH CORPORATE STANDARD STO

Transcription

1 STANDARD LIMITATIONS IN ACCORDANCE WITH CORPORATE STANDARD STO

2 TABLE OF CONTENT TABLE OF CONTENT ABOUT SVEZA...4 FACE VENEER GRADES...5 VENEER CUTING METHODS...6 FACE VENEER MATCHING...7 FACE VENEER MATCHING SAPWOOD...9 HEARTWOOD...9 COLOR STREAKS OR SPOTS COLOR VARIATION...10 SCATTERED SOUND...10 COLOR CONTRASTS (DISCOLORATION)...11 SHARP COLOR CONTRASTS AT JOINTS...12 BURL...13 CROSS BARS...15 MINERAL STREAKS...15 REPAIRED KNOTS (KNOTHOLES, OPEN KNOT)...16 BARK POCKETS...16 WORM TRACKS...17 VINE MARKS...17 RAY FLAKE (FLECK)...18 GUM SPOTS...18 WARPING...19 RIFT AND COMB GRAIN...19 SUMMARY OF HARDWOOD FACE GRADE SVEZA FANCY CHARACTERISTICS...20 GLOSSARY...22 NOTES...24 PIN KNOTS...14 Disclaimer: The photographs in this publication are presented as examples only, and are not intended to represent or predict in any form the actual appearance of any grade or species. No range of color, grain, or other natural characteristics can be fully depicted in any single photograph or collection of photographs, and no representation or guarantee of appearance of any grade or species is made with respect to any such photograph contained herein. NOTE: This note is provided only as explanatory information for linking various natural characteristics in wood to grades based on the appearance of such characteristics on the exposed face surface or surfaces. Wood is a natural material. Thus, its appearance is influenced by a number of factors uncontrolled by man. In temperate zones, the primary growing seasons affect the formation of springwood and summerwood which can result in wood with different cellular porosity and appearance as it is formed during the spring and summer seasons. These differences can be pronounced in some species. 2 SVEZA SVEZA FANCY FACE VENEER GRADES 3

3 ABOUT SVEZA FACE VENEER GRADES SVEZA Group is the world leader in birch plywood production. SVEZA produces high-quality plywood of 100 % birch. SVEZA products attracted the loyalty of customers from 70 countries on five continents. Products are used in eco-friendly furniture items and modern interior designs, in construction of skyscrapers and Olympic facilities, in manufacture of long-haul trucks, high-speed trains and LNG-carriers. The safety of products for human health is confirmed by International certificates. SVEZA is committed to responsible using of forest resources, which is confirmed by FSC TM -certificates. ESTONIA LATVIA LITHUANIA BELARUS St. Petersburg Moscow UKRAINE Ust-Izhora Kostroma Veliky Ustyug Manturovo RUSSIA Perm Novator Ekaterinburg Tyumen Verhnaya Sinyachiha Ural ABOUT SVEZA FANCY SVEZA Fancy is a hardwood plywood with a solid birch core and a variety of face and back veneers (maple, oak, cherry etc.). Due to uniform innerplyes of 1/16 its edges look naturally attractive and are widely used as a design elements. The all-hardawood construction machines well and holds fasteners securely. SVEZA Fancy is designed for contemporary furniture, architectural interiors, retail fixtures, woodworking jigs, drawer sides and other furniture and interiors applications. GRADES The grades of veneers are listed below with the identification symbol for each grade: Face and back grades (for fancy veneer (species)) А,B,C. Back grades (for birch veneer) I,II, III, IV. The name of the face veneer (species) is put before the grade designation. WHITE Kostroma Manturovo Uralskiy Tyumen KAZAKHSTAN Siberia SVEZA mills are located in regions that are naturally rich in birch forests. (Plain sliced) (Quarter Sliced or Rift cut) 4 SVEZA SVEZA FANCY FACE VENEER GRADES 5

4 VENEER CUTTING METHODS FACE VENEER MATCHING VENEER CUTS MATCHING 6 ROTARY CUT PLAIN SLICED QUARTER SLICED The entire log is cut or peeled. Can yield full sheets of veneer. Grain pattern is broad with no plain or quarter sliced appearance. Veneer cut along the growth rings. Method produces a cathedral grain pattern. Produces a series of stripes straight in some woods, varied in others. BOOK MATCHED SVEZA SLIP MATCHED SVEZA FANCY FACE VENEER GRADES PLANK MATCHED RANDOM MATCHED 7

5 FACE VENEER MATCHING THE FOLLOWING MATCHING ARE AVAILABLE UPON CUSTOMER S REQUEST SAPWOOD The living wood of lighter color occurring in the outer portion of a tree, sometimes referred to as sap. HEARTWOOD The non-active or dormant center of a tree, generally distinguishable from the outer portion (sapwood) by its darker color, sometime referred to as heart. SAPWOOD HEARTWOOD WHITE WHITE BOOK MATCHED SLIP MATCHED PLANK MATCHED RANDOM MATCHED A mirror image at the splice joint. Veneers spliced together without rotating any flich turning over any component. So-called rustic effect, veneers spliced together in a deliberate overturned way. Veneers spliced with no matching by color or grain. Maple Yes Yes Yes White oak No Yes Yes Cherry No No Yes Maple Yes Yes Yes White oak Yes Yes Yes Cherry Yes Yes Yes 8 SVEZA SVEZA FANCY FACE VENEER GRADES 9

6 COLOR STREAKS OR SPOTS COLOR VARIATION Streaks and stains that differ in color from other parts of the wood. SCATTERED SOUND Knots that are solid across their face and fixed by growth to retain their place. COLOR CONTRASTS (DISCOLORATION) Stains in wood substances. Common veneer stains are sap stains, blue stains, produced by chemical action caused by the iron in the cutting knife coming in contact with the tannic acid of the wood extractives to oxygen and light, to chemical action of vat treatments or adhesive components, and/or to the surface finish. COLOR STREAKS OR SPOTS COLOR VARIATION SCATTERED SOUND COLOR CONTRASTS WHITE Maple Yes Yes Yes White oak Yes Yes Yes Cherry Yes Yes Yes White oak Yes Yes Yes Maple Yes Yes Yes Cherry Yes Yes Yes Birch Plywood SVEZA Fancy. 10 SVEZA SVEZA FANCY FACE VENEER GRADES 11

7 SHARP COLOR CONTRASTS AT JOINTS This term means that face veneer of lighter than average color shall not be joined at the edges with veneer of darker than average color and that adjacent pieces of veneer shall not be widely dissimilar in grain, figure, and other natural characteristics. BURL A swirl, twist, or distortion in the grain of the wood which usually occurs near a knot or crotch. A conspicuous burl is associated with abrupt color variation and/or a cluster of small dark piths caused by a cluster of adventitious buds. SHARP COLOR CONTRASTS AT JOINTS BURL 12 SVEZA SVEZA FANCY FACE VENEER GRADES 13

8 PIN KNOTS Sound knots 6.4 mm (¼ inch) or less in diameter containing dark centers. CROSS BARS Irregularity of grain resembling a dip in the grain running at right angles, or nearly so, to the length of the veneer. MINERAL STREAKS Sharply contrasting elongated discolorations of the wood substance. PIN KNOTS CROSS BARS MINERAL STREAKS 14 SVEZA SVEZA FANCY FACE VENEER GRADES 15

9 REPAIRED KNOTS (KNOTHOLES, OPEN KNOT) BARK POCKETS WORM TRACKS VINE MARKS A patch, shim, or filler material inserted and/or glued into veneer or a panel to achieve a sound surface. A patch is used for knotholes - openings produced when knots drop from the wood in which they were embedded. Bark around which the tree has later grown. Marks caused by various types of wood attacking larvae. Often appear as sound discolorations running with or across the grain in straight to wavy streaks. Sometimes referred to as «pith flecks» in certain species of maple because of a resemblance to the color of pith. Bands of irregular grain running across or diagonally to the grain which are caused by the growth of climbing vines around the tree. REPAIRED KNOTS BARK POCKETS WORM TRACKS VINE MARKS White oak No Yes* Yes White oak No Yes* Yes Maple No Yes* Yes Maple No Yes* Yes Cherry No Yes* Yes Cherry No Yes* Yes 16 SVEZA SVEZA FANCY FACE VENEER GRADES 17

10 RAY FLAKE (FLECK) GUM SPOTS WARPING RIFT AND COMB GRAIN Portion of a ray as it appears on the quartered or rift-cut surface. Fleck is often a dominant appearance feature in oak. Well-defined opening between rings of annual growth, containing gum or evidence of prior gum accumulations. Is bowing of the plywood sheet. Measured by putting a ruler diagonally against the sheet that rests on a flat surface, and gaging it s maximum deflection. A quality of rift cut veneer with exceptionally straight grain and closely spaced growth increments resembling the appearance of long strands of combed hair. Deflection R 63,5 mm 25,4 mm RAY FLAKE (FLECK) GUM SPOTS 305 mm Maple Yes Yes Yes Cherry Yes Yes Yes White oak Yes Yes Yes Maple Yes Yes Yes Cherry Yes* Yes Yes White oak Maple Cherry Rift permits 25.4 mm in 305 mm maximum grain slope, 63.5 mm in 305 mm maximum grain sweep. 18 SVEZA SVEZA FANCY FACE VENEER GRADES 19

11 SUMMARY OF HARDWOOD FACE GRADE SVEZA FANCY CHARACTERISTICS SUMMARY OF HARDWOOD FACE GRADE SVEZA FANCY CHARACTERISTICS ACCORDING TO STO BIRCH PLYWOOD SVEZA FANCY ACCORDING TO STO BIRCH PLYWOOD SVEZA FANCY Wood and processing defects Maple White Oak Cherry Wood and processing defects Maple White Oak Cherry Grades А В С А В С А В С 1 Sapwood Not allowed Not allowed 2 Heartwood Color Streaks or Spots Color Variation Color contrasts (discolorations) Sharp color contrasts at joints 6 Burl Pin knots Scattered Sound Knots Repaired knots (knotholes, open knot) Mineral streaks if Slip, Plank or Random matched : not more than 4/м 2 : 6 mm, Not Not : not more than 6/м 2 : 6 mm, 3/m 2 : 9,5 mm, : 3,2 mm, (in amount with 8) : 12,7 mm, 3/m 2 : 12,7 mm, (in amount with 8) if Slip, Plank or Random matched : not more than 4/м 2 : 6 mm, 4/m 2 Not Not color mixing : not more than 8/м 2 : 6 mm, 6/m 2 : 9,5 mm, : 3,2 mm, (in amount with 8) : up to 305 mm, not more than 5 pcs/sheet : 12,7 mm, 3/m 2 : 12,7 mm, (in amount with 8) if Slip, Plank or Random matched : 8/м 2 : 6 mm, 6/m 2 Not Not : 22/м 2 6 mm, 1 : 9,5 mm, : 3,2 mm, (in amount with 8) : 12,7 mm, 3/m 2 : 12,7 mm, (in amount with 8) Grades А В С А В С А В С Bark pockets Worm Tracks Vine Marks Cross Bars Rough Cut Blended Repaired Tapering Hairline Splits 17 Repairs 18 Rift and Comb Grain Not Not : up to 3.2x25.4 mm, 3 pcs/sheet : with length up to 30 mm, width up to 2 mm, 3 pcs/sheet Not : 1.6 mm wide, 152 mm long, 2 pcs/sheet Very small blending : up to 6.4x50.8 mm, 3 pcs/sheet Not : Not 1/м 2 : 3.2 mm wide, 203 mm long, 4 pcs/sheet Small blending : diameter of up to 203 mm, not more than 2 pcs/sheet : 4.8 mm wide, 203 mm long, 4 pcs/sheet Blending Rift permits 25.4 mm in 305 mm maximum grain slope, 63.5 mm in 305 mm maximum grain sweep. : up to 3.2x25.4 mm, 3 pcs/sheet : with length up to 30 mm, width up to 2 mm, 3 pcs/sheet : up to 6.4x50.8 mm, 3 pcs/sheet Not : 1/м 2 Not : with length up to 30 mm, width up to 2 mm, not more than 3 pcs/sheet : up to 3.2x25.4 mm, 3 pcs/sheet : 1/м 2 Not Not : 1.6 mm wide, 152 mm long, 2 pcs /sheet Very small blending : 3.2 mm wide, 203 mm long, 4 pcs /sheet Small blending : 4.8 mm wide, 203 mm long, 4 pcs/sheet Blending Rift permits 25.4 mm in 305 mm maximum grain slope, 63.5 mm in 305 mm maximum grain sweep. : 1.6 mm wide, 152 mm long, 2 pcs/sheet Very small blending : 3.2 mm wide, 203 mm long, 4 pcs/sheet Small blending : up to 6.4x50.8 mm, 3 pcs/sheet : 4.8 mm wide, 203 mm long, 4 pcs/sheet Blending Rift permits 25.4 mm in 305 mm maximum grain slope, 63.5 mm in 305 mm maximum grain sweep. 19 Ray flake (fleck) : 20% of sheet surface 20 Gum spots 21 Warping Ignored in SVEZA FANCY plywood up to 6.5 mm thick, allowed in plywood over 6.5 mm thick; up to 15 mm/m of the SVEZA FANCY plywood sheet s diagonal length. : 1 pcs/ sheet NOTE: Wood and processing defects, which are not listed in this table are not limited. 20 SVEZA SVEZA FANCY FACE VENEER GRADES 21

12 GLOSSARY GLOSSARY Bark pockets Bark around which the tree has later grown. Ray flake (fleck) Portion of a ray as it appears on the quartered or rift-cut surface. Fleck is often a dominant appearance feature in oak. Burl A swirl, twist, or distortion in the grain of the wood which usually occurs near a knot or crotch. A conspicuous burl is associated with abrupt color variation and/or a cluster of small dark piths caused by a cluster of adventitious buds. Repaired knots (knotholes, open knot) A patch, shim, or filler material inserted and/or glued into veneer or a panel to achieve a sound surface with acrylic putty. A patch is used for knotholes openings produced when knots drop from the wood in which they were embedded. Color Streaks or Spots Color Variation Streaks and stains that differ in color from other parts of the wood. Rift and Comb Grain Sound A quality of rift cut veneer with exceptionally straight grain and closely spaced growth increments resembling the appearance of long strands of combed hair. Color contrasts (discolorations) Stains in wood fiber. Common veneer stains are sap stains, blue stains, oxidation during sling chemical reactions to vat treatments or adhesives and/or to the surface finish. Sapwood The living wood of lighter color occurring in the outer portion of a tree, sometimes referred to as sap. Cross Bars Gum spots Irregularity of grain resembling a dip in the grain running at right angles, or nearly so, to the length of the veneer. Well-defined opening between rings of annual growth, containing gum or evidence of prior gum accumulations. Scattered Sound Sharp color contrasts at joints Knots that are solid across their face and fixed by growth to retain their place. This term means that face veneer of lighter than average color shall not be joined at the edges with veneer of darker than average color and that adjacent pieces of veneer shall not be widely dissimilar in grain, figure, and other natural character markings Heartwood The non-active or dormant center of a tree, generally distinguishable from the outer portion (sapwood) by its darker color, sometime referred to as heart. Vine Marks Bands of irregular grain running across or diagonally to the grain which are caused by the growth of climbing vines around the tree. Mineral streaks Pin knots Sharply contrasting elongated discolorations of the wood fiber. Sound knots 6.4 mm (¼ inch) or less in diameter containing dark centers. Worm Tracks Marks caused by various types of wood attacking larvae. Often appear as sound discolorations running with or across the grain in straight to wavy streaks. Sometimes referred to as pith flecks in certain species of maple because of a resemblance to the color of pith. 22 SVEZA SVEZA FANCY FACE VENEER GRADES 23

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