THE HEATH INTRODUCTION TO LITERATURE FIFTH EDITION. Alice S. Landy. ; D. C. HEATH AND COMPANY Lexington, Massachusetts Toronto

Transcription

1 THE HEATH INTRODUCTION TO LITERATURE FIFTH EDITION Alice S. Landy ; D. C. HEATH AND COMPANY Lexington, Massachusetts Toronto

2 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION: ON LITERATURE 1 THE BASES OF LITERATURE 3 2 WRITING ABOUT LITERATURE 9 Fiction as Narrative FICTION 3 THE ART OF NARRATION: GIVING MEANING TO ACTION 23 Anonymous, Clever Manka 23 Kate Chopin, The Story of an Hour 27 4 THE STORYTELLERS 35 Black Elk, High Horse's Courting 36 I. L. Peretz, If Not Higher 40 Robert Heinleiri,; And He Built a Crooked House 44 5 THE REPORTERS 61 Ernest Hemingway, Hills Like White Elephants 62 Katherine Mansfield, Miss Brill 66 Eudora Welty, A Worn Path 70 Joyce Carol Oates, Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been? 11 6 FIRST-PERSON NARRATORS 91 Herman Melville, Bartleby the Scrivener 93 Charlotte Perkins Gilman, The Yellow Wall-Paper 121 Toni Cade Bambara, My Man Bovanne 134 Judith Ortiz Cofer, Not for Sale TALES WITHIN TALES 145. Joseph Conrad, Youth: A Narrative 146 Mark Twain, The Celebrated Jumping Frog ofcalaveras County 168 xv

3 xvi Contents Character Study and Social Commentary 8 LOOKING INWARD AND OUTWARD 173 Nathaniel Hawthorne, My Kinsman, Major Molineux 174 William Faulkner, A Rose for Emily 188 Grace Paley, Anxiety 195 Tillie Olsen, Dream-Vision BEYOND REALITY 201 Edgar Allan Poe, The Masque of the Red Death 202 Gabriel Garcia Marquez, A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings 206 Kurt Vonnegut Jr., Harrison Bergeron AUTOBIOGRAPHY 219 Mark Twain, from Old Times on the Mississippi 220 N. Scott Momaday, from The Names 228 Maya Angelou, from I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings 234 AN ANTHOLOGY OF SHORT STORIES Ambrose Bierce, Chickamauga 243 James Joyce, Araby 248 D. H. Lawrence, The Rocking-Horse Winner 252 James Baldwin, Sonny's Blues 263 Richard Wright, The Man Who Was Almost a Man 287 Katherine Anne Porter, The Jilting of Granny Weatherall 297 John Steinbeck, The Chrysanthemums 304 Flannery O'Connor, A Good Man Is Hard to Find 312 POETRY 11 READING POETRY 327 Simon Ortiz, And there is always one more story 329 Leslie Marmon Silko, The Storyteller's Escape 333 Anonymous, Sir Patrick Spens 338 Anonymous, The Cherry-Tree Carol 339 Anonymous, Get Up and Bar the Door 341 Dudley Randall, Ballad of Birmingham 342 Edgar Allan Poe, Annabel Lee 344 Sterling Brown, Slim in Hell 345 Elements of Poetry 12 REPETITION AND RHYTHM 349 William Shakespeare, It Was a Lover and His Lass 349 Thomas Hardy, The Ruined Maid 350

4 Contents xvii E. E. Cummings, All in green went my love riding 351 N. Scott Momaday, The Delight Song oftsoai-tallee 353 Etheridge Knight, Ilu, the Talking Drum COMPRESSION AND VERSE FORMS 357 Countee Cullen, For a Lady I Knew 358 Gwendolyn Brooks, We Real Cool 359 Arthur Guiterman, On the Vanity of Earthly Greatness 360 Marianne Moore, I May, I Might, I Must 360 Ezra Pound, In a Station of the Metro 361 Amy Lowell, Wind and Silver 361 William Carlos Williams, The Dance 361 William Wordsworth, The World Is Too Much with Us 362 Emily Dickinson, There's a Certain Slant of Light 363 Emily Dickinson, Tell All the Truth but Tell It Slant WORD CHOICE: MEANINGS AND SUGGESTIONS 365 Emily Dickinson, The Bustle in the House 366 Emily Dickinson, Because I Could Not Stop for Death 366 William Wordsworth, She Dwelt Among the Untrodden Ways 368 Robert Herrick, Upon Julia's Clothes 368 A. E. Housman, With Rue My Heart Is Laden 369 Gerard Manley Hopkins, Heaven-Haven 370 Carl Sandburg, Cool Tombs 370 Ezra Pound, These Fought in Any Case 371 E. E. Cummings, in Just- 373 The Speaker in the Poem 15 THE SPEAKER'S VOICE 375 Theodore Roethke, My Papa's Waltz 377 Theodore Roethke, / Knew a Woman 377 Edna St. Vincent Millay, What Lips My Lips Have Kissed, and Where, and Why 378 Nikki Giovanni, You Are There 379 John Crowe Ransom, Bells for John Whiteside's Daughter 380 Robert Hayden, Mourning Poem for the Queen of Sunday 381 Denise Levertov, At David's Grave 382 William Butler Yeats, The Folly of Being Comforted 383 Robert Browning, My Last Duchess 384 Robert Frost, Birches 385 Simon Ortiz, Notes for My Child THE SPEAKER'S VISION 393 William Wordsworth, I Wandered Lonely As a Cloud 395 John Keats, When I Have Fears 396

5 xviii Contents Walt Whitman, A Noiseless Patient Spider 397 William Butler Yeats, The Irish Airman Foresees His Death 398 Robert Frost, Two Tramps in Mud Time 398 Garrett Hongo, Something Whispered in the Shakuhachi 401 Maya Angelou, On the Pulse of Morning PROTEST AND SOCIAL COMMENT 409 Audre Lorde, Power 410 Joy Harjo, Anchorage 411 Marge Piercy, Rape Poem 413 Wilfred Owen, Duke et Decorum Est 414 E. E. Cummings, "next to of course god america i BEYOND THE SPEAKER: THE DOUBLE VISION OF IRONY 417 Adrienne Rich, Aunt Jennifer's Tigers 419 A. E. Housman, When I Was One-and-Twenty 419 Dorothy Parker, Resume 420 Percy Bysshe Shelley, Ozymandias 420 W. H. Auden, The Unknown Citizen 421 Denise Levertov, Mid-American Tragedy 422 Imagery 19 SIMILES, METAPHORS, AND PERSONIFICATION 423 Walt Whitman, The Dalliance of the Eagles 424 Alfred, Lord Tennyson, The Eagle 424 Langston Hughes, Harlem 426 John Keats, On First Looking into Chapman's Homer ' 427 Carl Sandburg, Fog 428 William Wordsworth, Composed upon Westminster Bridge, September 3, 1802 '430 Emily Dickinson, I Like to See It Lap the Miles 430 Nikki Giovanni, Woman 431 Sylvia Plath, Metaphors 431 Richard Wilbur, Love Calls Us to the Things of This World SYMBOL AND ALLEGORY 435 George Herbert, Love'(III) 437 Ralph Waldo Emerson, Days 437 Edna St. Vincent Millay, First Fig 438 Stephen Crane, The Heart 438 Allen Ginsberg, In back of the real -,438 Langston Hughes, Mother to Son 439 John Keats, Ode on a Grecian Urn 440 William Blake, The Lamb 441 William Blake, The Tyger 442

6 Contents xix 21 CONCEITS AND ALLUSIONS 443 John Donne, Hymn to God My God, in My Sickness 444 Anonymous, Sumer Is Icumen In 445 Ezra Pound, Ancient Music 446 William Shakespeare, Sonnet Robert Frost, The Silken Tent 447 John Donne, The Sun Rising 447 Sir Philip Sidney, Sonnet Andrew Marvell, To His Coy Mistress 449 Judith Ortiz Cofer, The Latin Deli: An Ars Poetica PATTERNS OF IMAGERY 453 Percy Bysshe Shelley, Ode to the West Wind 454 John Keats, Ode to a Nightingale 456 Matthew Arnold, Dover Beach 458 William Butler Yeats, Sailing to Byzantium 459 Dylan Thomas, Fern Hill 460 Sound 23 METER AND ITS VARIATIONS 463 Anonymous (modern version by Ezra Pound), The Seafarer 467 Gerard Manley Hopkins, Felix Randal 470 Alfred, Lord Tennyson, The Splendor Falls on Castle Walls 471 George Herbert, The Collar 472 William Shakespeare, Sonnet John Milton, On Shakespeare RHYME SCHEMES AND VERSE FORMS 475 Robert Herrick, The Night-Piece, To Julia 477 Robert Browning, Home-Thoughts, from Abroad 477 Sir Thomas Wyatt, They Flee from Me 478 Dylan Thomas, Do Not Go Gentle into That Good Night 479 Anonymous, Lord Randal 480 William Wordsworth, Ode: Intimations of Immortality from Recollections of Early Childhood THE SONNET 489 William Shakespeare, Sonnet John Donne, Sonnet John Milton, On His Blindness 490 Gerard Manley Hopkins, God's Grandeur 491 Robert Frost, Design 491 Edna St. Vincent Millay, Love Is Not All: It Is Not Meat nor Drink 492 Wilfred Owen, Anthem for Doomed Youth 492 E. E. Cummings, the Cambridge ladies who live in furnished souls 493

7 xx Contents AN ANTHOLOGY OF POEMS Anonymous, Western Wind 497 Christopher Marlowe, The Passionate Shepherd to His Love 497 Sir Walter Raleigh, The Nymph's Reply to the Shepherd 498 William Shakespeare, Sonnet John Donne, Sonnet Edmund Waller, Go, Lovely Rose 499 Sir John Suckling, The Constant Lover 500 William Blake, London 500 Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Kubla Khan 501 Alfred, Lord Tennyson, Ulysses 502 Robert Browning, The Bishop Orders His Tomb at Saint Praxed's Church 504 Walt Whitman, Out of the Cradle Endlessly Rocking 508 A. E. Housman, "Terence, This Is Stupid Stuff..." 513 A. E. Housman, To an Athlete Dying Young 515 James Weldon Johnson, O Black and Unknown Bards 516 Wallace Stevens, Thirteen Ways of Looking at a Blackbird 517 William Butler Yeats, Leda and the Swan 519 H.D. (Hilda Doolittle), Heat 520 Marianne Moore, Poetry 520 D. H. Lawrence, Piano 521 T. S. Eliot, The Love Song ofj. Alfred Prufrock 522 Archibald MacLeish, Ars Poetica 525 W. H. Auden, Musee des Beaux Arts 526 Allen Tate, The Wolves 527 James Dickey, The Heaven ofanimals 528 Gwendolyn Brooks, The Bean Eaters 529 Lawrence Ferlinghetti, The pennycandy story beyond the El 529 Allen Ginsberg, A Supermarket in California 530 Anne Sexton, Welcome Morning 531 Ted Hughes, Pike 532 Amiri Baraka (LeRoi Jones), W. W. 533 Garrett Hongo, Yellow Light 533 Adrienne Rich, Hunger READING DRAMA 539 DRAMA 27 GREEK TRAGEDY 543 Sophocles, Oedipus Rex (an English version by Dudley Fitts and Robert Fitzgerald) 547

8 Contents xxi Sophocles, Antigone (an English version by Dudley Fitts and Robert Fitzgerald) SHAKESPEARE AND ELIZABETHAN DRAMA 625 William Shakespeare, Hamlet 633 William Shakespeare, Much Ado About Nothing REALISM 817 Henrik Ibsen, A Doll's House (a translation by Otto Reinert) CONTEMPORARY DRAMA 877 Tennessee Williams, The Glass Menagerie 881 Lorraine Hansberry, A Raisin in the Sun 932 Vdclav Havel, Protest (translated and adapted by Vera Blackwell) 1002 INDEX OF TERMS 1023 INDEX OF AUTHORS AND TITLES 1031 INDEX OF FIRST LINES 1037