SAMPLE. Amplifier Fundamentals (EHH339A) LEARNING RESOURCE. Electrotechnology TRAINING AND EDUCATION SUPPORT INDUSTRY SKILLS UNIT MEADOWBANK
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1 Amplifier Fundamentals (EHH339A) LEARNING RESOURCE TRAINING AND EDUCATION SUPPORT INDUSTRY SKILLS UNIT MEADOWBANK Electrotechnology 1 k - 10k offset null 1 inverting input pin DIL (Dual In Line) non-inverting input 3 - V (viewed from above) 8 not connecte 7 + V 6 output 5 offset null + A v = Input Z i = Z o =0 Output First Edition Product Code: 2779
2 Publishing details: This published in January 2009 by Manufacturing, Engineering, Construction and Transport Curriculum Centre NSW TAFE Commission Corner Showground and Green Roads, Castle Hill Copyright details: Manufacturing, Engineering, Construction and Transport Curriculum Centre, TAFE NSW, 2009 Copyright of this material is reserved to the Manufacturing, Engineering, Construction and Transport Curriculum Centre, TAFE NSW. Reproduction or transmittal in whole or part, other than for the purposes and subject to the provision of the Copyright Act, is prohibited without the written authority of Manufacturing, Engineering, Construction and Transport Curriculum Centre, TAFE NSW. Copyright acknowledgements: MECAT Curriculum Centre would like to acknowledge the assistance and permission of the following companies for the use of copyright material Amplif er Fundamentals EHH339A/1 FEEDBACK We value your opinion and welcome suggestions on how we could improve this resource manual. Keep in mind that the manual is intended to help students learn and is not a text book. Send your comments and suggestions to: Training and Education Support, Industry Skills Unit, Meadowbank Level 3, Building J, See Street MEADOWBANK NSW 2114 Ph: (02) Fax: (02)
3 Contents Chapter 1: Introduction to Amplifiers Chapter 2: Amplifier Terminal Characteristics Chapter 3: Practical Amplifiers Chapter 4: Operational Amplifiers Part 1 Chapter 5: Operational Amplifiers Part 2 Chapter 6: Operational Amplifiers Part 3 Chapter 7: Operational Amplifiers Part 4 EHH339A/1 - Content i
4 Chapter 1: Introduction to Amplifiers Content topics: Purpose of amplifiers Introduction to black box model of amplifier Decibel engineering terms and formulae Measurement of gain and frequency response Learning objectives: Learners should be able to - a) Explain the purpose of a small signal amplifier within an audio or instrumentation system. b) Correctly sketch and identify all parts of a black box model of an amplifier c) Explain the concept of voltage/ power gain and frequency response d) State the formulae for power and voltage gain expressed in dbs e) Define the following terms: dbm, dbr, dbspl, dbu. f) Measure the voltage gain of a practical amplifier g) Measure the frequency response of a practical amplifier References for this section You will find the technical information to undertake this section in the following references. At least one reference text should be used. Floyd, Thomas Electronic Devices. Prentice Hall ISBN Bogart Theodore F. Electronic devices and Circuits Macmillan ISBN x EHH339A/1 - Chapter 1: Introduction to Amplifiers 1-1
5 Learner exercises chapter 1 1. An amplifier has a voltage gain of 38 and an input signal of 12mV. What is the no-load output voltage? 2. An amplifier has a gain of 3.2 and an output resistance of 600 ohms. If the input voltage is 5 mv and the load resistance is 500 ohms what is the output voltage? 3. Two cascaded amplifiers have gains of 9 db and 13 db, a) Calculate the total gain in db b) If the output voltage is 1.2V calculate the input voltage 4. For an amplifier the input voltage is measured as 0.1 V and the output voltage is measured as 5 V. Calculate the gain as a ratio and in db s 5. Express the following power gains in db s a) Ap = 1200 b) Ap = 0.5 c) Ap = 15 d) Ap = Express the following power gains in db s as a ratio a) Ap = -10 db b) Ap = 0 db c) Ap = 3 db d) Ap = -3 db Review questions These questions will help you revise what you have learnt in Section 1. For questions 1 to 3, tick the correct answer. 1. The voltage gain of an amplifier can be described as : the maximum output voltage before clipping the input voltage that produces the maximum output voltage before clipping how many times bigger the output voltage is than the input voltage how many times bigger the input voltage is than the output voltage 1-2 EHH339A/1 - Chapter 1: Introduction to Amplifiers
6 2. What are the characteristics of an ideal voltage amplifier? 3. Define a small signal amplifier and give two examples of typical applications. 4. An amplifier has an input voltage of 8mV and an output voltage of 1.3V calculate the voltage gain. 5. For the amplifier shown below: Signal Generator Amplifier Load V s =100mV A v =120 Calculate: a) The output voltage of the amplifier b) The amplifier gain required to achieve 7V across the load if the input remains at 100mV EHH339A/1 - Chapter 1: Introduction to Amplifiers 1-3
7 6. For the cascaded amplifiers below: Amp 1 Amp 2 Amp 3 V in Gain = 12dB Gain = 15dB Gain = 3dB V out Calculate: a) The overall gain of the amplifier system in db s b) V out if V in =16mV 7. An amplifier has a gain of 56 and an output resistance of 1.2k ohms. If the input voltage is 9mV and the load resistance is 2k ohms what is the output voltage? 8. For an amplifier the input voltage is measured as 0.1 V and the output voltage is measured as 5 V. Calculate the gain as a ratio and in db s 9. Express the following power gains in db s a) Ap = 200 b) Ap = 50 c) Ap = 2 d) Ap = Express the following power gains in db s as a ratio a) Ap = 26 db b) Ap = -9 db c) Ap = 1 db d) Ap = 12 db 11. What is meant by the term 3dB bandwidth? 1-4 EHH339A/1 - Chapter 1: Introduction to Amplifiers
8 12. The output power of an amplifier is measured as 3.7Watts. Calculate the amplifiers gain in dbm s. 13. A sound pressure level is measured as 3.6mPa. Calculate the gain in dbspl 14. If an amplifier with a gain of 17dB has an input of 5.6 mv what is the output voltage? 15. If an amplifier with a voltage gain of -7dB has an output voltage of.92mv what is the input voltage? 16. The reference level for a communications system is 72mV. If a signal is measured as -9.7dBr what voltage is it? EHH339A/1 - Chapter 1: Introduction to Amplifiers 1-5
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