Noise in Home Networks
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1 Noise in Home Networks Arvind Mallya AT&T ATS 2600 Camino Ramon 2S303 San Ramon, CA 94583
2 Introduction and Agenda Overview of U-Verse Home Network Architecture Grounding and Bonding Types of Home Networks HomePlug HPNA Coax CAT3 andcat5 HPNA CAT3 POF Types of Noise in Home Networks Static Impulse Noise Detection and Mitigation Treadmill Interference AM Radio Noise WiFi Interference CFL Interference Rogue TV Interference Summary 2
3 Home Network Architecture Unstructured Wiring 3
4 Home Network Architecture Structured Wiring 4
5 Types of Noise in Home Network Static and Impulse Noise Narrowband Impulse Radiated and Conducted Vacuum Cleaners, Pool pumps, hairdryers, Washing machines, Treadmills, Transformers Wideband Steady state Radiated and Conducted AM Radio Noise Rogue TV HAM radio Unlicensed Radio Frequency 5
6 Noise Detection and Mitigation Radio Frequency Interference Hunting tools RF Sniffers (Radar Engineers) Tektronix RF Hawk Wideband Low Noise Spectrum Analyzers Andrew, Pacific Wireless Wideband Antennas YAGI Omin Directional Mag Mounts Software Defined Radio (SDR) Flex Radio Ground Resistance Testers VOM HPNA Noise test software Air Magnet WiFi Analyzer HomePlug Adapters for Noise Detection Tektronix AC-DC Power Clamp-on Probes 6
7 Bonding and Grounding in Homes 7
8 Treadmill Noise Test Setup 8
9 Noise Spectral Captures Figure 2: Radiated RFI with Treadmill ON Figure 3: RFI Detected on the Audio Cable from Treadmill *Spectrum Analyzer capture radiated noise to 30 MHz when treadmill was turned-on and RFI measured on the Audio cable of the Treadmill 9
10 Noise Spectral Captures Figure 4: RFI Detected on the Power Cable from Treadmill Figure 5: RFI Detected after Belkin Surge Noise suppressor from Treadmill *Spectrum Analyzer capture radiated noise to 30 MHz when treadmill was turned-on and RFI measured on the Audio cable of the Treadmill 10
11 Noise Spectral Captures on HPNA Coax Figure 6: Treadmill Noise on Coax-Treadmill Off Figure 7: Treadmill Noise on Coax-Treadmill ON *Noise measured on HPNA Cox band using Noise test 11
12 Treadmill Noise Pickup on IW Radiated Treadmill Noise Pickup ON IW IW Noise Pickup Treadmill ON IWNoisepickup Treadmill Off PSD (dbm/hz) Frequency (MHz) Figure 8: Treadmill Noise on Twisted Pair *Spectrum Analyzer capture radiated noise to 12 MHz when treadmill was turned-on and RFI measured on the Cat3 IW 12
13 Rogue TV Noise Noise PSD (dbm/hz) Frequency: 0-10Mhz RBW: 20Khz Rogue TV Noise Spectrum Analyzer Noise Floor Frequency (MHz) Figure 9-10: Rogue TV Radiated and Conducted Noise 13
14 Noise Pickup by Different Media -80 Noise (Night Time) on IW and Twisted Pair Drop Cable Frequency: 0-20 MHz RBW: 20 KHz 26 AWG Tw isted Pair Drop 3Kft Old Belden RG-59 Coax Cable 120 Kft New Pasternack RG-6 Coax Cable 120 ft TEK 3303A SA Noise Floor New Belkin CAT5E Cable 120 ft Noise PSD (dbm/hz) Frequency (MHz) Figure 11: Treadmill Noise on Coax-Treadmill ON 14
15 AM Noise on IW Figure 12: AM Radio Noise on IW 15
16 Treadmill and Coax Interference Figure 13: TV and Treadmill Setup Figure 14: TV and Coax connection to STB 16
17 Location of Power and Coax Cable Single Shield RG6 Coax Power Line Cable Figure 15: Location of Single Shield RG6 next to the Power Cable 17
18 Single and Quad Shield Coax RG6 QUAD Shield coax RG6 Single Shield coax Figure 16: Quad Shield RG6 Coax Cable Figure 17: Single Shield RG6 Coax Cable 18
19 WiFi Interference WiFi Camera Figure 18: WiFi Interference Home 19
20 WiFi Spectral Captures Figure 19: WiFi Camera Transmitting in 2.443GHz Band Figure 20: WiFi Camera Transmitting in 2.432GHz Band 20
21 WiFi Spectral Captures Figure 21: WiFi Camera Transmitting in 2.414GHz Band Figure 22: WiFi Camera Transmitting in GHz Band 21
22 YAGI Antennna Setup Yagi Antenna Yagi Directional Antenna Figure 23: Omi and Directional WiFi Antenna Mounted on a Telescopic pole 22
23 Air Magnet Laptop Analyzer Figure 24: Air Magnet Laptop analyzer Channel Interference Summary 23
24 Air Magnet Analyzer Figure 25: Air Magnet Laptop Spectrum Analyzer 2.4GHz-2.5GHz 24
25 Plastic Optical Fiber (POF) Size Comparision, POF, CAT5 and Coax POF Optical Switch POF Cutting tool 25
26 Summary and Next Steps Currently, all home networks have limitations to RFI and loss of customer service, many cases the offending source will have to be removed and alternative mitigation methods are not effective Noise in home networks continues to be a problem as new electronic homes devices are coming on line and RFI detection is a problem Built in noise suppression and compliance to FCC radiated emission requirements are not followed in many instances Stricter adherence to FCC mandated RFI emission will need to be enforced Improve WiFi, HomePlug and HPNA Noise detection and mitigation techniques 26
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