Precision, Micropower, Low-Dropout Voltage References MAX6190 MAX6195/MAX6198

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1 19-108; Rev 3; /10 Precision, Micropower, General Description The precision, micropower, low-dropout voltage references offer high initial accuracy and very low temperature coefficient through a proprietary curvature-correction circuit and lasertrimmed precision thin-film resistors. These series-mode bandgap references draw a maximum of only 35µA quiescent supply current, making them ideal for battery-powered instruments. They offer a supply current that is virtually immune to input voltage variations. Load-regulation specifications are guaranteed for source and sink currents up to 500µA. These devices are internally compensated, making them ideal for applications that require fast settling, and are stable with capacitive loads up to 2.2nF. PART MAX6192A MAX6192B MAX6192C MAX6193A MAX6193B MAX6193C MAX619A MAX619B MAX619C A B C VOLTAGE (V) Selector Guide INITIAL ACCURACY (mv) A ±2 B ± C ±6 MAX6191A 2.08 ±2 MAX6191B 2.08 ±5 MAX6191C 2.08 ±10 MAX6198A MAX6198B MAX6198C ±10 ±10 ±10 ±10 <10 <25 Typical Operating Circuit appears at end of data sheet. ±2 ±5 ±2 ±5 ±2 ±5 ±10 ±2 ±5 ±2 ±5 TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT (ppm/ C) <5 <10 <25 <5 <10 <25 <5 <10 <25 <5 <10 <25 <5 <10 <25 <5 <10 <25 <5 ±2mV (max) Initial Accuracy 5ppm/ C (max) Temperature Coefficient 35µA (max) Supply Current 100mV Dropout at 500µA Load Current 0.12µV/µA Load Regulation 8µV/V Line Regulation Features Applications Hand-Held Instruments Analog-to-Digital and Digital-to-Analog Converters Industrial Process Control Precision 3V/5V Systems Hard-Disk Drives TOP VIEW N.C. IN N.C. GND Ordering Information PART TEMP RANGE PIN-PACKAGE AESA+ -0 C to +85 C 8 SO BESA+ -0 C to +85 C 8 SO CESA+ -0 C to +85 C 8 SO MAX6191AESA+ -0 C to +85 C 8 SO MAX6191BESA+ -0 C to +85 C 8 SO MAX6191CESA+ -0 C to +85 C 8 SO MAX6192AESA+ -0 C to +85 C 8 SO MAX6192BESA+ -0 C to +85 C 8 SO MAX6192CESA+ -0 C to +85 C 8 SO Ordering Information continued at end of data sheet. +Denotes a lead(pb)-free /RoHS-compliant package. + Pin Configuration MAX6198 SO N.C. N.C. OUT N.C. Maxim Integrated Products 1 For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim/Dallas Direct! at , or visit Maxim s website at

2 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Voltages Referenced to GND IN V to +13.5V OUT V to (V IN + 0.3V) Output Short Circuit to GND or IN (V IN < 6V)...Continuous Output Short Circuit to GND or IN (V IN 6V)...60s Continuous Power Dissipation (T A = +70 C) 8-Pin SO (derate 5.88mW/ C above +70 C)...71mW Stresses beyond those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS Operating Temperature Range...-0 C to +85 C Junction Temperature C Storage Temperature Range C to +150 C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) C Soldering Temperature (reflow) C (V IN = 5V, I OUT = 0nA, T A = T MIN to T MAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at.) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX A Output Voltage B C Output-Voltage Temperature Coefficient (Note 1) Line Regulation Load Regulation Short-Circuit Current Temperature Hysteresis (Note 2) Long-Term Stability DYNAMIC Noise Voltage Ripple Rejection Turn-On Settling Time Capacitive-Load Stability Range TC I OUT I SC cycle time e OUT /V IN t R C OUT A B C 2.5V V IN 12.6V Sourcing: 0 I OUT 500µA Sinking: -500µA I OUT 0 Short to GND Short to IN 1000hrs at +25 C 0.1Hz to 10Hz 10Hz to 10kHz V IN = 5V ±100mV, f = 120Hz To 0.1%, C OUT = 50pF (Note 3) INPUT Supply Voltage Range V IN Guaranteed by line-regulation test V Quiescent Supply Current I IN µa Change in Supply Current I IN /V IN 2.5V V IN 12.6V µa/v UNITS V ppm/ C µv/v µv/µa ppm ppm/ 1000hrs µv P-P µv RMS db µs nf 2

3 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS MAX6191 (V IN = 5V, I OUT = 0nA, T A = T MIN to T MAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at.) PARAMETER Output Voltage Output-Voltage Temperature Coefficient (Note 1) Line Regulation Load Regulation Short-Circuit Current Temperature Hysteresis (Note 2) Long-Term Stability DYNAMIC Noise Voltage Ripple Rejection Turn-On Settling Time Capacitive-Load Stability Range SYMBOL TC I OUT I SC cycle time e OUT /V IN t R C OUT MAX6191A MAX6191B MAX6191C 2.5V V IN 12.6V Sourcing: 0 I OUT 500µA Sinking: -500µA I OUT 0 Short to GND Short to IN 1000hrs at +25 C 0.1Hz to 10Hz 10Hz to 10kHz V IN = 5V ±100mV, f = 120Hz To 0.1%, C OUT = 50pF (Note 3) CONDITIONS MAX6191A MAX6191B MAX6191C MIN TYP MAX INPUT Supply Voltage Range V IN Guaranteed by line-regulation test V Quiescent Supply Current I IN µa Change in Supply Current I IN /V IN 2.5V V IN 12.6V µa/v UNITS V ppm/ C µv/v µv/µa ppm ppm/ 1000hrs µv P-P µv RMS db µs nf 3

4 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS MAX6192 (V IN = 5V, I OUT = 0nA, T A = T MIN to T MAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at.) Output Voltage Line Regulation DYNAMIC Noise Voltage PARAMETER Output-Voltage Temperature Coefficient (Note 1) Load Regulation Dropout Voltage (Note ) Short-Circuit Current Temperature Hysteresis (Note 2) Long-Term Stability Ripple Rejection Turn-On Settling Time Capacitive-Load Stability Range SYMBOL TC time e OUT /V IN t R C OUT MAX6192A MAX6192B MAX6192C 1000hrs at +25 C 0.1Hz to 10Hz 10Hz to 10kHz V IN = 5V ±100mV, f = 120Hz To 0.1%, C OUT = 50pF (Note 3) CONDITIONS MAX6192A MAX6192B MAX6192C MIN TYP MAX ( + 0.2V) V IN 12.6V Sourcing: 0 I OUT 500µA I OUT Sinking: -500µA I OUT V IN - 0.2%, I OUT = 500µA I SC Short to GND Short to IN cycle INPUT Supply Voltage Range V IN Guaranteed by line-regulation test V Quiescent Supply Current I IN µa Change in Supply Current I IN /V IN ( + 0.2V) V IN 12.6V µa/v UNITS V ppm/ C µv/v µv/µa mv ppm ppm/ 1000hrs µv P-P µv RMS db µs nf

5 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS MAX6193 (V IN = 5V, I OUT = 0nA, T A = T MIN to T MAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at.) PARAMETER Output Voltage Output-Voltage Temperature Coefficient (Note 1) Line Regulation Load Regulation Dropout Voltage (Note ) Short-Circuit Current Temperature Hysteresis (Note 2) Long-Term Stability DYNAMIC Noise Voltage Ripple Rejection Turn-On Settling Time Capacitive-Load Stability Range SYMBOL TC V IN - I SC cycle time e OUT /V IN t R C OUT MAX6193A MAX6193B MAX6193C 2.5V V IN 12.6V 1000hrs at +25 C 0.1Hz to 10Hz 10Hz to 10kHz V IN = 5V ±100mV, f = 120Hz To 0.1%, C OUT = 50pF (Note 3) CONDITIONS MAX6193A MAX6193B MAX6193C MIN TYP MAX INPUT Supply Voltage Range V IN Guaranteed by line-regulation test V Quiescent Supply Current I IN µa Change in Supply Current I IN /V IN ( + 0.2V) V IN 12.6V µa/v UNITS V ppm/ C µv/v V V IN 12.6V µv/v I OUT = 500µA mv Short to GND Short to IN ppm ppm/ 1000hrs µv P-P µv RMS db µs nf 5

6 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS MAX619 (V IN = 5V, I OUT = 0nA, T A = T MIN to T MAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at.) INPUT Output Voltage Line Regulation Noise Voltage PARAMETER Output-Voltage Temperature Coefficient (Note 1) Load Regulation Dropout Voltage (Note ) Short-Circuit Current Temperature Hysteresis (Note 2) Long-Term Stability DYNAMIC Ripple Rejection Turn-On Settling Time Capacitive-Load Stability Range SYMBOL TC I OUT V IN - I SC cycle time e OUT /V IN t R C OUT MAX619A MAX619B MAX619C ( + 0.2V) V IN 12.6V Sourcing: 0 I OUT 500µA Sinking: -500µA I OUT 0 0.2%, I OUT = 500µA Short to GND Short to IN 1000hrs at +25 C 0.1Hz to 10Hz 10Hz to 10kHz V IN = 5V ±100mV, f = 120Hz To 0.1%, C OUT = 50pF (Note 3) CONDITIONS MAX619A MAX619B MAX619C MIN TYP MAX Supply Voltage Range V IN Guaranteed by line-regulation test V Quiescent Supply Current I IN µa UNITS V ppm/ C µv/v µv/µa mv ppm ppm/ 1000hrs Change in Supply Current I IN /V IN ( + 0.2V) V IN 12.6V µa/v µv P-P µv RMS db µs nf 6

7 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (V IN = 5.5V, I OUT = 0nA, T A = T MIN to T MAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at.) PARAMETER INPUT Output Voltage Output-Voltage Temperature Coefficient (Note 1) Line Regulation Load Regulation Dropout Voltage (Note ) Short-Circuit Current Temperature Hysteresis (Note 2) Long-Term Stability DYNAMIC Noise Voltage Ripple Rejection Turn-On Settling Time Capacitive-Load Stability Range SYMBOL TC I OUT V IN - I SC cycle time e OUT /V IN t R C OUT A B C ( + 0.2V) V IN 12.6V Sourcing: 0 I OUT 500µA Sinking: -500µA I OUT 0 Short to GND Short to IN 1000hrs at +25 C 0.1Hz to 10Hz 10Hz to 10kHz V IN = 5.5V ±100mV, f = 120Hz To 0.1%, C OUT = 50pF (Note 3) CONDITIONS 0.2%, I OUT = 500µA A B C MIN TYP MAX INPUT Supply Voltage Range V IN Guaranteed by line-regulation test V Quiescent Supply Current I IN µa Change in Supply Current I IN /V IN ( + 0.2V) V IN 12.6V µa/v UNITS V ppm/ C µv/v µv/µa ppm ppm/ 1000hrs µv P-P µv RMS db µs nf 7

8 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS MAX6198 (V IN = 5V, I OUT = 0nA, T A = T MIN to T MAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at.) Output Voltage INPUT PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS Output-Voltage Temperature Coefficient (Note 1) Line Regulation Load Regulation Dropout Voltage (Note ) Supply Voltage Range Quiescent Supply Current Change in Supply Current MAX6198A MAX6198B V MAX6198C MAX6198A 2 5 TC MAX6198B 10 ppm/ C MAX6198C 8 25 ( + 0.2V) V IN 12.6V µv/v Sourcing: 0 I OUT 500µA I OUT Sinking: -500µA I OUT V IN - 0.2%, I OUT = 500µA Short to GND Short-Circuit Current I SC Short to IN Temperature Hysteresis (Note 2) Long-Term Stability cycle time V IN I IN I IN /V IN 1000hrs at +25 C Guaranteed by line-regulation test ( + 0.2V) V IN 12.6V Note 1: Temperature Coefficient is measured by the box method; i.e., the maximum is divided by the maximum t. Note 2: Thermal Hysteresis is defined as the change in +25 C output voltage before and after cycling the device from T MIN to T MAX. Note 3: Not production tested. Guaranteed by design. Note : Dropout voltage is the minimum input voltage at which changes 0.2% from at V IN = 5.0V (V IN = 5.5V for ). µv/µa mv 75 ppm 50 ppm/ 1000hrs DYNAMIC Noise Voltage e OUT 0.1Hz to 10Hz 100 µv P-P 10Hz to 10kHz 200 µv RMS Ripple Rejection /V IN V IN = 5V ±100mV, f = 120Hz 77 db Turn-On Settling Time t R To 0.1%, C OUT = 50pF 160 µs Capacitive-Load Stability Range C OUT (Note 3) nf V µa µa/v 8

9 Typical Operating Characteristics (V IN = 5V for /1/2/3//8, V IN = 5.5V for ; I OUT = 0nA; ; unless otherwise noted.) (Note 5) VOUT (V) VOLTAGE CHANGE (µv) VOLTAGE CHANGE (mv) VOLTAGE TEMPERATURE DRIFT THREE TYPICAL PARTS TEMPERATURE DRIFT ( C) LINE REGULATION T A = -0 C T A = +85 C INPUT VOLTAGE (V) LOAD REGULATION T A = -0 C T A = +85 C LOAD CURRENT (µa) toc01 toc0 toc07 VOUT (V) VOLTAGE CHANGE (µv) VOLTAGE CHANGE (mv) VOLTAGE TEMPERATURE DRIFT THREE TYPICAL PARTS TEMPERATURE DRIFT ( C) LINE REGULATION T A = -0 C T A = +85 C INPUT VOLTAGE (V) LOAD REGULATION T A = -0 C T A = +85 C LOAD CURRENT (µa) toc02 toc05 MAX6012 toc08 VOLTAGE (V) DROPOUT VOLTAGE (V) DROPOUT VOLTAGE (V) LONG-TERM DRIFT THREE TYPICAL PARTS TIME (HOURS) MAX6192/MAX6193 DROPOUT VOLTAGE vs. SOURCE CURRENT T A = -0 C T A = +85 C SOURCE CURRENT (µa) MAX619//MAX6198 DROPOUT VOLTAGE vs. SOURCE CURRENT T A = -0 C T A = +85 C SOURCE CURRENT (µa) toc03 toc06 toc09 9

10 Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (V IN = 5V for /1/2/3//8, V IN = 5.5V for ; I OUT = 0nA; ; unless otherwise noted.) (Note 5) PSR (mv/v) IMPEDANCE (Ω) POWER-SUPPLY REJECTION vs. FREQUENCY k 10k 100k 1M 10M FREQUENCY (Hz) 1k IMPEDANCE vs. FREQUENCY toc10 toc13 PSR (mv/v) IMPEDANCE (Ω) k POWER-SUPPLY REJECTION vs. FREQUENCY V CC = 5.5V ±0.25V k 10k 100k 1M 10M FREQUENCY (Hz) IMPEDANCE vs. FREQUENCY MAX16190 toc11 toc1 SUPPLY CURRENT (µa) SUPPLY CURRENT (µa) SUPPLY CURRENT vs. INPUT VOLTAGE VALID OVER SPECIFIED V IN (MIN) TO V IN (MAX) FOR EACH PART INPUT VOLTAGE (V) SUPPLY CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE V IN = 12.5V V IN = 7.5V V IN = 5.5V V IN = 2.5V (/MAX6191 ONLY) toc12 toc k 10k 100k 1M FREQUENCY (Hz) k 10k 100k 1M FREQUENCY (Hz) TEMPERATURE ( C) 0.1Hz TO 10Hz NOISE 0.1Hz TO 10Hz NOISE TURN-ON TRANSIENT toc16 toc17 V IN 1V/div toc18 10µV/div 20µV/div 1V/div 1s/div 1s/div 10µs/div 10

11 Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (V IN = 5V for /1/2/3//8, V IN = 5.5V for ; I OUT = 0nA; ; unless otherwise noted.) (Note 5) I OUT 0µA/div 20mV/div I OUT 1/div LOAD-TRANSIENT RESPONSE toc19 10µs/div I OUT = ±25µA, AC-COUPLED LOAD-TRANSIENT RESPONSE toc22 +25µA -25µA +500µA -500µA I OUT 50µA/div 50mV/div I OUT 00µA/div 00mV/div LOAD-TRANSIENT RESPONSE 20µs/div V IN = 5.5V, I OUT = ±25µA, AC-COUPLED LOAD-TRANSIENT RESPONSE toc20 toc23 V IN 2V/div 2V/div V IN 200mV/div TURN-ON TRANSIENT 10µs/div LINE-TRANSIENT RESPONSE toc21 toc2 0.2V/div 100mV/div 10µs/div I OUT = ±500µA, AC-COUPLED LINE-TRANSIENT RESPONSE 20µs/div V IN = 5.5V, I OUT = ±500µA, AC-COUPLED 2.5µs/div V IN = 5V ±0.25V, AC-COUPLED V IN 200mV/div toc25 100mV/div 2µs/div V IN = 5.5V ±0.25V, AC-COUPLED Note 5: Many of the Typical Operating Characteristics of the family are extremely similar. The extremes of these characteristics are found in the (1.2V output) and the (5.0V output) devices. The Typical Operating Characteristics of the remainder of the family typically lie between these two extremes and can be estimated based on their output voltage. 11

12 PIN 1, 3, 5, 7, 8 NAME N.C. Pin Description FUNCTION No Connection. Not internally connected. 2 IN Supply Voltage Input GND Ground 6 OUT Reference Voltage Output Detailed Description The precision bandgap references use a proprietary curvature-correction circuit and laser-trimmed thin-film resistors, resulting in a low temperature coefficient of <5ppm/ C and initial accuracy of better than 0.1%. These devices can sink and source up to 500µA with <200mV of dropout voltage, making them attractive for use in low-voltage applications. Applications Information Output/Load Capacitance Devices in this family do not require an output capacitance for frequency stability. They are stable for capacitive loads from 0 to 2.2nF. However, in applications where the load or the supply can experience step changes, an output capacitor will reduce the amount of overshoot (or undershoot) and assist the circuit s transient response. Many applications do not need an external capacitor, and this family can offer a significant advantage in these applications when board space is critical. Supply Current The quiescent supply current of these series-mode references is a maximum of 35µA and is virtually independent of the supply voltage, with only a 0.8µA/V variation with supply voltage. Unlike series references, shuntmode references operate with a series resistor connected to the power supply. The quiescent current of a shunt-mode reference is thus a function of the input voltage. Additionally, shunt-mode references have to be biased at the maximum expected load current, even if the load current is not present all the time. In the series-mode family, the load current is drawn from the input voltage only when required, so supply current is not wasted and efficiency is maximized at all input voltages. This improved efficiency can help reduce power dissipation and extend battery life. When the supply voltage is below the minimum specified input voltage (as during turn-on), the devices can draw up to 200µA beyond the nominal supply current. The input voltage source must be capable of providing this current to ensure reliable turn-on. Output Voltage Hysteresis Output voltage hysteresis is the change in the output voltage at before and after the device is cycled over its entire operating temperature range. Hysteresis is caused by differential package stress appearing across the bandgap core transistors. The typical temperature hysteresis value is 75ppm. Turn-On Time These devices typically turn on and settle to within 0.1% of their final value in 30µs to 220µs, depending on the device. The turn-on time can increase up to 1.5ms with the device operating at the minimum dropout voltage and the maximum load. Positive and Negative Low-Power Voltage Reference Figure 1 shows a typical method for developing a bipolar reference. The circuit uses a MAX681 voltage doubler/inverter charge-pump converter to power an ICL7652, thus creating a positive as well as a negative reference voltage. 12

13 V S V CC V+ MAX681 GND V- -2V S 2V S IN MAX6198 OUT 1MΩ, 0.1% 1MΩ, 0.1% Figure 1. Positive and Negative References from Single 3V or 5V Supply GND Ordering Information (continued) PART TEMP RANGE PIN-PACKAGE MAX6193AESA+ -0 C to +85 C 8 SO MAX6193BESA+ -0 C to +85 C 8 SO MAX6193CESA+ -0 C to +85 C 8 SO MAX619AESA+ -0 C to +85 C 8 SO MAX619BESA+ -0 C to +85 C 8 SO MAX619CESA+ -0 C to +85 C 8 SO AESA+ -0 C to +85 C 8 SO BESA+ -0 C to +85 C 8 SO CESA+ -0 C to +85 C 8 SO MAX6198AESA+ -0 C to +85 C 8 SO MAX6198BESA+ -0 C to +85 C 8 SO MAX6198CESA+ -0 C to +85 C 8 SO MAX6198AESA/V+ -0 C to +85 C 8 SO +Denotes a lead(pb)-free /RoHS-compliant package. /V denotes an automotive qualified part. * 10nF V+ ICL7652 V- +REF -REF Typical Operating Circuit +SUPPLY INPUT (SEE SELECTOR GUIDE ON FIRST PAGE) IN MAX6198 GND OUT REFERENCE OUT 2.2nF MAX* *CAPACITORS ARE OPTIONAL PROCESS: BiCMOS Chip Information Package Information For the latest package outline information and land patterns, go to Note that a +, #, or - in the package code indicates RoHS status only. Package drawings may show a different suffix character, but the drawing pertains to the package regardless of RoHS status. PACKAGE TYPE PACKAGE CODE OUTLINE NO. LAND PATTERN NO. 8 SO S

14 REVISION NUMBER REVISION DATE 3 /10 DESCRIPTION Added automotive grade part, added lead-free information, and made style changes Revision History PAGES CHANGED 1 1 Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. 1 Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA Maxim Integrated Products Maxim is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.

Low-Cost, Low-Power, Low-Dropout, SOT23-3 Voltage References

13-1395; Rev 1; /99 Low-Cost, Low-Power, Low-Dropout, General Description The family of SOT23, low-cost series voltage references meets the cost advantage of shunt references and offers the power-saving