PentlandX. David McCann Paul Bell. Field demonstration of the capabilities of X-band radar for coastal remote sensing.
|
|
- Bertha Armstrong
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 PentlandX Field demonstration of the capabilities of X-band radar for coastal remote sensing David McCann Paul Bell
2 Disclaimer Please be aware that the results presented in this presentation are the result of an interim analysis of the full range of data collected for the project. Therefore the final report contains results that differ (in some places considerably) from the final report.
3 PentlandX - Introduction Knowledge Exchange partnership between NERC and MeyGen ltd. Working towards a better understanding of the tidal energy resource of the Pentland Firth (N. Scotland) through application of NOC research methods Showcasing the capabilities of X-band radar oceanography in a challenging, remote operational environment Help MeyGen develop their models to a point of high confidence for turbine placement, and thus maximise energy generation on site.
4 Current capability Alongside the commercially available WaMoS HRC algorithms, the current NOC radar toolbox comprises a range of analyses, all performed on the same raw radar data Bathymetric survey (depth inversion of wave dispersion) Current measurement (dynamic effect of current on wave dispersion) Sea surface roughness analysis (tidal effect on surface roughness due to turbulence) Small target tracking (Marine wildlife, both airborne and seaborne)
5 Project area Pentland Firth Isle of Stroma John O Groat s Radar site Duncansby head
6 Co-tidal chart (POLPRED ORKM grid)
7 Project overview Deployment 5 th March to 11 th June 2013 Radar data recorded for 5 minutes every minutes continuously Compression routine run to reduce data rate to ~ 320Mb per hour WaMoS High Resolution Current (HRC) analysis run in real time All data stored and backed up to removable media Currently working through post-processing with NOC research-grade analyses
8 Equipment set-up Kelvin Hughes X-band marine surveillance radar equipped with a 2.4m antenna, mounted on a tower apprx. 12m above MSL WaMoS II radar computer and frame digitiser (OceanWaveS GmbH) GPS time-keeper for accurate data time-stamping Diesel generator (6kVa) connected to an inverter/charger and wet cell battery bank (OffGrid Energy)
9 Equipment set-up Radar antenna 4.2m Radar computer and data recorders Generator Battery bank
10 Equipment set-up GPS antenna WaMoS II Radar recorder PC Radar display Kelvin Hughes X-band radar GPS time-keeper
11 OffGrid Grid2Go Portable power supply system Remote location required a portable power solution Battery supply lasted ~ 3 days between each 6 hour charge 6kVa Diesel generator burned 371 lt of fuel over 91 days Equivalent use if generator was run continuously ~ 3325 lt Estimated CO 2 emission from generator ~ 971kg Approximate CO 2 emission from equivalent grid energy use ~ 732kg Estimated CO 2 emission if generator run continuously ~ 8.7 tonnes
12 Raw radar data Stroma Radar Duncansby Lighthouse
13 Raw radar data Example of the raw data that is fed to the analyses. Images like this are captured every 2.4 seconds for a total of 256 images in ~ 5 minutes. Importantly, the radar is simply a microwave camera, taking sequential images of not only waves but everything on the sea surface (and land) that reflects microwave energy. Every 256 image run, the compression routine packs the data for storage and the WaMoS HRC commercial toolbox runs before the next sample period. Critically, it is the wave signal that produces the data for most of the analyses. Without a certain threshold of wave activity there can be no current calculation. As waves are affected by refraction and diffraction the wave direction (swell) is vital for data quality in certain areas During the majority of the project the wave direction was Easterly, creating a significantly lowered area of data quality in the West of the inner sound. This should be kept in mind when interpreting output.
14 WaMoS HRC data (Flood tide)
15 WaMoS HRC data (Flood tide) Here is an example of a snapshot of tidal currents from the WaMoS HRC analysis for an arbitrary flood tide, highlighting the resolution and general data quality of the method. The radar s range is denoted by the red line and the red diamond denotes the antenna position. The Lease areas of Meygen (left) and Scottish Power (right) are denoted by black polygons. Data quality to the West of the inner sound has been severely degraded due to the lack of penetration of Easterly waves into the area. Data quality is also degraded towards the maximum range of the radar due to range effects. In short, the quality of the WaMoS HRC data for the majority of the survey was greatest in the centre and East of the inner Sound.
16 NOC research analysis (Bathymetry and currents)
17 NOC research analysis (Bathymetry and currents) This image is an example of the output from the NOC research-grade analysis for an arbitrary Ebb tide. Contour colours are bathymetry below Mean Sea Level (MSL) from the NOC bathymetric inversion algorithm and vectors are flow speed (no scale). Both resolution and overall data quality of the NOC analysis are greater than the HRC toolbox, however the execution time for the NOC analysis is an order of magnitude longer. As such, the NOC analysis area has been limited to that of the Meygen lease area in order to analyse as much data as possible for the project. The NOC analysis is more sensitive to smaller wave events, leading to an overall increase in data quality for secondary analyses.
18 Tidal currents harmonic analysis Radar derived currents are strongly affected by signal strength, which is related to wave energy Tidal current snapshots do not convey enough long-term information about a tidal resource Tidal harmonic analysis of radar-derived currents provide this information while acting to statistically minimise errors caused by occasional drops in signal strength
19 Tidal harmonic analysis, single point comparison WaMoS HRC Constituent % Energy Amplitude (m/s) Phase (deg) M S M N NOC research analysis POLPRED ORKM grid Constituent % Energy Amplitude (m/s) Phase (deg) M S N M Constituent % Energy Amplitude (m/s) Phase (deg) M S N L
20 Tidal harmonic analysis of WaMoS HRC data Harmonic analysis was performed at each point in the survey area, creating a map of tidal harmonic components Harmonic analysis is sensitive to record length the input data defines the output constituents so reductions in data quality cause reductions in constituent quality and quantity. The aforementioned signal strength problems in the West of the Inner Sound (and much of MeyGen s lease area) have severely reduced the computed amplitudes of tidal constituents and therefore can not be trusted However, closer to the antenna and through much of the Eastern area of the Firth, record length and data quality was high enough to produce a strongly-converging set of tidal constituents.
21 Tidal harmonic analysis of WaMoS HRC data
22 Tidal harmonic analysis of WaMoS HRC data The following images depict the M2 tidal velocity amplitude as well as the estimated maximum spring (M2+ S2) and minimum neap (M2 - S2) amplitudes. It should be noted that these are only two of the four most important constituents in the area. The maximum tidal flow speed is a combination of up to 40 constituents and meteorological effects and so will be greater than just the M2 component for example. However, tidal harmonics are periodic and if accurate can be used to predict tidal currents for any time. Radar data is unique in that tidal harmonic maps may be produced conventional survey techniques do not allow this. The residual tidal velocities represent the mean (residual) tidal flow after harmonic analysis has removed the harmonic component of the tide. The distinctive circulation seen in the residual vectors is believed to be responsible for a quasi-stationary dune field at this location.
23 Tidal harmonic analysis of WaMoS HRC data
24 Tidal harmonic analysis of WaMoS HRC data
25 Tidal harmonic analysis of WaMoS HRC data
26 Tidal harmonic analysis of NOC research data A similar analysis was performed on the radar-derived tidal velocities from the NOC research-grade analysis As the overall data quality is higher from the NOC analysis the record lengths being input into the harmonic analysis were longer and therefore an overall increase in predictive quality is observed Quality control techniques automatically reject data below a certain quality, denoted by grey areas in the following plots. Unfortunately, the increase in analytical quality is paired with a substantial computational cost and so not all of the data has been analysed. It is expected that eventually much of the greyed area will be filled in as more Westerly wave events are worked up.
27 Tidal harmonic analysis of NOC research data
28 Tidal harmonic analysis of NOC research data
29 Tidal harmonic analysis of NOC and HRC data
30 Tidal harmonic analysis of NOC and HRC data
31 Flood/Ebb misalignment Flood/Ebb misalignment is the angular difference from a rectilinear flow that is to say the angle between Flood and Ebb flow directions minus 180 degrees This angle is important for tidal turbine considerations as the turbine needs to face the flow with no oblique angle. Differences from a rectilinear tidal flow therefore require adjustments in design in order to maximise energy yield. The misalignment in the subset area of the MeyGen lease is predominantly due to inertial flow around the Isle of Stroma which is forced through the channel around a bend. Flood and Ebb currents flow around this bend from different incoming directions, increasing the misalignment.
32 Flood/Ebb misalignment
33 ADCP and NOC research data comparison Validation of radar-derived currents was achieved through co-incident ADCP surveys, an example of which is displayed in the following figure In this case the comparison is better during flood tides (higher peaks) as at this date the waves were Easterly which oppose a flood current. Opposing currents and waves are known to increase the signal to noise ratio in our radar analysis through a backing up of the waves.
34 ADCP and NOC research data comparison
35 Sea surface roughness analysis Application of experimental NOC research analysis to Pentland Firth data Identified tidally-modulated sea surface roughness signatures imaged by the radar Such signals are believed to be related to bathymetricallylocked vertical turbulent eddies and horizontal shear zones Could provide important information on large-scale turbulence which could severely affect turbine operation
36 5 minute (256 frame) mean image, Flood tide
37 5 minute (256 frame) mean image, Ebb tide
38 5 minute (256 frame) mean image, Ebb tide
39 Tidal surface roughness amplitude The following image is an example of the output from the new sea surface roughness analysis. Here the tidally-modulated component of the sea surface roughness signal is correlated to its relationship to either the flood or ebb tide In the image, red colours indicate signals that are correlated with the flood and blue the ebb tides The presence of tidally persistent signals over the dune field suggest the interaction between bathymetrically-locked vertical eddies created by flow separation over the dune crests Other features include wakes and horizontal shear zones that persistently occur every flood or ebb tide
40 Tidal surface roughness amplitude
41 Small target tracking Radar images any microwave reflector on or above the sea surface Seabirds and other airborne/seaborne targets can therefore be tracked Employs a relatively simple yet robust Global Nearest Neighbour (GNN) data associator and a target kinematic model Able to track multiple targets simultaneously in good weather, 24 hours a day Could provide a significant augment to traditional ecological impact surveys at MRE sites
42 Target tracks over 5 minutes (speed in m/s) The following figure shows the output of 5 minutes of bird tracking with individual target tracks coloured by their measured movement speed (m/s) The concentration of targets around the radar is predominantly a range effect the tracking method has a range of approximately 2km due to the range-dependent component of the signal to noise ratio. A lack of targets further than 2km does not necessarily denote a real lack of bird activity Further analysis on the bird tracking data will provide estimates of abundance maps, as well as correlated bird counts on flood/ebb tides and day/night cycles.
43 Target tracks over 5 minutes (speed in m/s)
44 Conclusions Demonstrable benefits to the MRE sector Preliminary site investigation reduces financial risk inherent in traditional point survey methods Cost effective monitoring Long term, site-wide data products without the financial overhead of vessel-based surveying Data products add a vast amount of information, context and texture to surveys and models, allowing the MRE sector to make a better informed decision on their resource
45 Thank you for your attention National Oceanography Centre Joseph Proudman Building 6 Brownlow Street, Liverpool, L3 5DA. Tel: + 44 (0) National Oceanography Centre University of Southampton Waterfront Campus European Way, Southampton, SO14 3ZH. Tel: + 44 (0)
SATELLITE OCEANOGRAPHY
SATELLITE OCEANOGRAPHY An Introduction for Oceanographers and Remote-sensing Scientists I. S. Robinson Lecturer in Physical Oceanography Department of Oceanography University of Southampton JOHN WILEY
More informationEnvironmental Acoustics and Intensity Vector Acoustics with Emphasis on Shallow Water Effects and the Sea Surface
DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A. Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. Environmental Acoustics and Intensity Vector Acoustics with Emphasis on Shallow Water Effects and the Sea Surface LONG-TERM
More informationOverview of Recent Tidal Projects in the United States
1 st Tides and Water Levels Working Group Meeting Overview of Recent Tidal Projects in the United States Stephen Gill National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Ocean Service Center for
More informationCHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
1 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION In maritime surveillance, radar echoes which clutter the radar and challenge small target detection. Clutter is unwanted echoes that can make target detection of wanted targets
More informationRemote Sensing: John Wilkin IMCS Building Room 211C ext 251. Active microwave systems (1) Satellite Altimetry
Remote Sensing: John Wilkin wilkin@marine.rutgers.edu IMCS Building Room 211C 732-932-6555 ext 251 Active microwave systems (1) Satellite Altimetry Active microwave instruments Scatterometer (scattering
More informationOil Spill Detection (OSD) by using X-band radar
Oil Spill Detection (OSD) by using X-band radar Ina Adegeest, Rutter Inc./ OceanWaveS GmbH, Germany Head Office: Rutter Inc. Canadian company Head Office in St. John s, NL, Canada Incorporated in 1998
More informationActive microwave systems (2) Satellite Altimetry * range data processing * applications
Remote Sensing: John Wilkin wilkin@marine.rutgers.edu IMCS Building Room 211C 732-932-6555 ext 251 Active microwave systems (2) Satellite Altimetry * range data processing * applications Satellite Altimeters
More informationIn search of a Historic Grave: GPR Investigation near the Yellowstone Lake Store: 7/15/2010
In search of a Historic Grave: GPR Investigation near the Yellowstone Lake Store: 7/15/2010 Steven Sheriff Professor of Geophysics Department of Geosciences University of Montana Missoula, Montana Introduction
More informationORE SuperGen Marine Challenge Workshop. Jeremy Thake Head of Engineering
ORE SuperGen Marine Challenge Workshop Jeremy Thake Head of Engineering jeremythake@atlantisresourcesltd.com Atlantis Resources Limited Global developer of tidal power generation Turbine and Engineering
More informationGNSS Ocean Reflected Signals
GNSS Ocean Reflected Signals Per Høeg DTU Space Technical University of Denmark Content Experimental setup Instrument Measurements and observations Spectral characteristics, analysis and retrieval method
More informationTKI Wind op Zee. Program
TKI Wind op Zee Program 2018-2019 Version: Final version Date: December 2017 Table of Contents 1. INTRODUCTION 3 2. TOPICS HIGHLIGHTED DURING THE TKI WIND OP ZEE PROGRAMME 5 TOPIC 1 COST REDUCTION AND
More informationCoherent Marine Radar. Measurements of Ocean Wave Spectra and Surface Currents
Measurements of Ocean Wave Spectra and Surface Currents Dennis Trizna Imaging Science Research, Inc. dennis @ isr-sensing.com Presentation Outline: Introduction: Standard Marine Radar vs. Single Image
More informationOld House Channel Bathymetric and Side Scan Survey
FIELD RESEARCH FACILITY DUCK, NC Old House Channel Bathymetric and Side Scan Survey COASTAL AND HYDRAULICS LABORATORY FIELD DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS BRANCH Michael Forte December 2009 View looking
More informationEstimation of Ocean Current Velocity near Incheon using Radarsat-1 SAR and HF-radar Data
Korean Journal of Remote Sensing, Vol.23, No.5, 2007, pp.421~430 Estimation of Ocean Current Velocity near Incheon using Radarsat-1 SAR and HF-radar Data Moon-Kyung Kang and Hoonyol Lee Department of Geophysics,
More informationRutter High Resolution Radar Solutions
Rutter High Resolution Radar Solutions High Resolution Imagery, Target Detection, and Tracking At the core of our enhanced radar capabilities are proprietary radar processing and imaging technologies.
More informationSeaSonde Measurements in COPE-3
SeaSonde Measurements in COPE-3 Jeffrey D. Paduan Department of Oceanography, Code OC/Pd Naval Postgraduate School Monterey, CA 93943 phone: (831) 656-3350; fax: (831) 656-2712; email: paduan@nps.navy.mil
More informationImprovement of GPS Ambiguity Resolution Using Height Constraint for Bathymetric Surveys
Improvement of GPS Ambiguity Resolution Using Height Constraint for Bathymetric Surveys Mami Ueno (Centre for Research in Geomatics, Laval University, Ste-Foy, QC G1K 7P4, Canada; (418) 656-2131 #7149;
More informationAn ETI Perspective. Lessons learnt from UK offshore renewables innovation
An ETI Perspective Lessons learnt from UK offshore renewables innovation CONTEXT OFFSHORE WIND Today, offshore wind energy in the UK is a proven technology. It is being deployed commercially (by the summer
More informationRemote Sensing: John Wilkin IMCS Building Room 211C ext 251. Active microwave systems (1) Satellite Altimetry
Remote Sensing: John Wilkin wilkin@marine.rutgers.edu IMCS Building Room 211C 732-932-6555 ext 251 Active microwave systems (1) Satellite Altimetry Active microwave instruments Scatterometer (scattering
More informationActive microwave systems (1) Satellite Altimetry
Remote Sensing: John Wilkin Active microwave systems (1) Satellite Altimetry jwilkin@rutgers.edu IMCS Building Room 214C 732-932-6555 ext 251 Active microwave instruments Scatterometer (scattering from
More informationContents. Analysis of Wave Fields from Temporal Sequences of X-Band Marine Radar Images. Sensors for Wave Measurements (I) Wave Measurements
Analysis of Wave Fields from Temporal Sequences of X-Band Marine Radar Images José Carlos Nieto Borge Dpt. of Signal Theory and Communications University of Alcalá. Spain josecarlos.nieto@uah.es Contents
More informationSCATTERING POLARIMETRY PART 1. Dr. A. Bhattacharya (Slide courtesy Prof. E. Pottier and Prof. L. Ferro-Famil)
SCATTERING POLARIMETRY PART 1 Dr. A. Bhattacharya (Slide courtesy Prof. E. Pottier and Prof. L. Ferro-Famil) 2 That s how it looks! Wave Polarisation An electromagnetic (EM) plane wave has time-varying
More informationOutlines. Attenuation due to Atmospheric Gases Rain attenuation Depolarization Scintillations Effect. Introduction
PROPAGATION EFFECTS Outlines 2 Introduction Attenuation due to Atmospheric Gases Rain attenuation Depolarization Scintillations Effect 27-Nov-16 Networks and Communication Department Loss statistics encountered
More informationHF-Radar Network Near-Real Time Ocean Surface Current Mapping
HF-Radar Network Near-Real Time Ocean Surface Current Mapping The HF-Radar Network (HFRNet) acquires surface ocean radial velocities measured by HF-Radar through a distributed network and processes the
More informationAssessing the Accuracy of GPS Control Point, Using Post-Processed and Absolute Positioning Data
American Journal of Environmental Engineering and Science 2017; 4(5): 42-47 http://www.aascit.org/journal/ajees ISSN: 2381-1153 (Print); ISSN: 2381-1161 (Online) Assessing the Accuracy of GPS Control Point,
More informationMicrowave Remote Sensing
Provide copy on a CD of the UCAR multi-media tutorial to all in class. Assign Ch-7 and Ch-9 (for two weeks) as reading material for this class. HW#4 (Due in two weeks) Problems 1,2,3 and 4 (Chapter 7)
More informationTest results of Array Type HF Radar in the eastern coast of Korea
Test results of Array Type HF Radar in the eastern coast of Korea Seung Bea Choi 1, Hyeon Seong Kim 1, Jong Yoon Moon 1, Kang Ho Lee 1, Isamu Ogasawara 2 and Matthias Kniephoff 3 1 Marine Information Technology,
More informationVERTICAL DATUM TRANSFORMATIONS FOR KINEMATIC GPS HYDROGRAPHIC SURVEYS. Kurt W. Hess, Dennis G. Milbert, Stephen K. Gill, and Daniel R.
VERTICAL DATUM TRANSFORMATIONS FOR KINEMATIC GPS HYDROGRAPHIC SURVEYS Kurt W. Hess, Dennis G. Milbert, Stephen K. Gill, and Daniel R. Roman National Ocean Service, NOAA ABSTRACT Kinematic Global Positioning
More informationThe Normal Baseline. Dick Gent Law of the Sea Division UK Hydrographic Office
The Normal Baseline Dick Gent Law of the Sea Division UK Hydrographic Office 2 The normal baseline for measuring the breadth of the territorial sea is the low water line along the coast as marked on large
More informationGNSS Reflectometry and Passive Radar at DLR
ACES and FUTURE GNSS-Based EARTH OBSERVATION and NAVIGATION 26./27. May 2008, TU München Dr. Thomas Börner, Microwaves and Radar Institute, DLR Overview GNSS Reflectometry a joined proposal of DLR and
More informationAPPLICATIONS OF KINEMATIC GPS AT SHOM
International Hydrographic Review, Monaco, LXXVI(1), March 1999 APPLICATIONS OF KINEMATIC GPS AT SHOM by Michel EVEN 1 Abstract The GPS in kinematic mode has now been in use at SHOM for several years in
More informationAbstract. Marío A. Bedoya-Martinez. He joined Fujitsu Europe Telecom R&D Centre (UK), where he has been working on R&D of Second-and
Abstract The adaptive antenna array is one of the advanced techniques which could be implemented in the IMT-2 mobile telecommunications systems to achieve high system capacity. In this paper, an integrated
More informationShipboard Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler Surveys to Assess Tidal Current Resources
Shipboard Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler Surveys to Assess Tidal Current Resources Jeffrey Epler, Brian Polagye, Jim Thomson Northwest National Marine Renewable Energy Center, University of Washington
More informationHYDROGRAPHIC SURVEY STANDARDS AND DELIVERABLES
TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. HYDROGRAPHIC SURVEY METHODOLOGY... 3 2. HYDROGRAPHIC SURVEY REFERENCE STANDARDS... 3 3. HYDROGRAPHIC SURVEY CRITERIA... 3 3.1 HYDROGRAPHIC SURVEYS OVER NON GAZETTED NAVIGABLE WATERS*:...
More informationRemote Sensing. Ch. 3 Microwaves (Part 1 of 2)
Remote Sensing Ch. 3 Microwaves (Part 1 of 2) 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Radar Basics 3.3 Viewing Geometry and Spatial Resolution 3.4 Radar Image Distortions 3.1 Introduction Microwave (1cm to 1m in wavelength)
More informationAcoustic Monitoring of Flow Through the Strait of Gibraltar: Data Analysis and Interpretation
Acoustic Monitoring of Flow Through the Strait of Gibraltar: Data Analysis and Interpretation Peter F. Worcester Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California at San Diego La Jolla, CA
More informationPrototype Software-based Receiver for Remote Sensing using Reflected GPS Signals. Dinesh Manandhar The University of Tokyo
Prototype Software-based Receiver for Remote Sensing using Reflected GPS Signals Dinesh Manandhar The University of Tokyo dinesh@qzss.org 1 Contents Background Remote Sensing Capability System Architecture
More informationMicrowave Remote Sensing (1)
Microwave Remote Sensing (1) Microwave sensing encompasses both active and passive forms of remote sensing. The microwave portion of the spectrum covers the range from approximately 1cm to 1m in wavelength.
More informationRadar Equations. for Modern Radar. David K. Barton ARTECH HOUSE BOSTON LONDON. artechhouse.com
Radar Equations for Modern Radar David K Barton ARTECH HOUSE BOSTON LONDON artechhousecom Contents Preface xv Chapter 1 Development of the Radar Equation 1 11 Radar Equation Fundamentals 1 111 Maximum
More informationSeismic intensities derived from strong motion instruments in New Zealand
Seismic intensities derived from strong motion instruments in New Zealand P.N. Davenport Institute of Geological and Nuclear Sciences, Lower Hutt NZSEE 2001 Conference ABSTRACT: Intensity of ground shaking
More informationMONITORING SEA LEVEL USING GPS
38 MONITORING SEA LEVEL USING GPS Hasanuddin Z. Abidin* Abstract GPS (Global Positioning System) is a passive, all-weather satellite-based navigation and positioning system, which is designed to provide
More informationAtmospheric Effects. Attenuation by Atmospheric Gases. Atmospheric Effects Page 1
Atmospheric Effects Page 1 Atmospheric Effects Attenuation by Atmospheric Gases Uncondensed water vapour and oxygen can be strongly absorptive of radio signals, especially at millimetre-wave frequencies
More informationMARITIME, AIRBORNE AND LAND RADAR
Commercial Radar RF POWER MARITIME, AIRBORNE AND LAND RADAR Powering maritime, ground based and airborne radar systems keeping crew, cargo and passengers safe around the world. Commercial Radar RF POWER
More informationHIGH-FREQUENCY ACOUSTIC PROPAGATION IN THE PRESENCE OF OCEANOGRAPHIC VARIABILITY
HIGH-FREQUENCY ACOUSTIC PROPAGATION IN THE PRESENCE OF OCEANOGRAPHIC VARIABILITY M. BADIEY, K. WONG, AND L. LENAIN College of Marine Studies, University of Delaware Newark DE 19716, USA E-mail: Badiey@udel.edu
More informationBAY OF SKAILL SUBSTATION - ORKNEY CAITHNESS CONNECTION
BAY OF SKAILL SUBSTATION - ORKNEY CAITHNESS CONNECTION Helping to secure a Renewable Future: Orkney Caithness Connection Scottish Hydro Electric Transmission Plc Scottish Hydro Electric Transmission Plc
More informationAssessing Tidal Energy Resource
Assessing Tidal Energy Resource Frank Biskup, Bilbao Marine Energy Week, Bilbao 1 Tidal Farm 2 Tidal Site ADCP with 10 min average 3 Tidal Site ADCP with high resolution of 2 Hz 4 Tidal Site ADCP Measurement
More informationElectromagnetic Interference (EMI) Assessments, Findings, & Solutions
Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) Assessments, Findings, & Solutions 22 February 2017 HF Industry Association Spring 2017 Meeting 1 EMI Experience LWI EMI assessment locations over the past 5 to 7 years
More informationPRINCIPLE OF SEISMIC SURVEY
PRINCIPLE OF SEISMIC SURVEY MARINE INSTITUTE Galway, Ireland 29th April 2016 Laurent MATTIO Contents 2 Principle of seismic survey Objective of seismic survey Acquisition chain Wave propagation Different
More informationRec. ITU-R F RECOMMENDATION ITU-R F *
Rec. ITU-R F.162-3 1 RECOMMENDATION ITU-R F.162-3 * Rec. ITU-R F.162-3 USE OF DIRECTIONAL TRANSMITTING ANTENNAS IN THE FIXED SERVICE OPERATING IN BANDS BELOW ABOUT 30 MHz (Question 150/9) (1953-1956-1966-1970-1992)
More informationChapter 4 Results. 4.1 Pattern recognition algorithm performance
94 Chapter 4 Results 4.1 Pattern recognition algorithm performance The results of analyzing PERES data using the pattern recognition algorithm described in Chapter 3 are presented here in Chapter 4 to
More informationEfficient Acquisition of Quality Borehole Seismic
Efficient Acquisition of Quality Borehole Seismic The Versatile Seismic Imager Applications Integrated processing for interpretation of boreholeand surface-seismic data Images for reservoir definition
More informationKordil Surveying & Engineering Services
Kordil Surveying & Engineering Services About Kordil Kordil Surveying & Engineering Ltd. Co. in short Kordil is an all in one surveying company providing service from Turkey. Hydrography, Oceanography
More informationPaper for Consideration by S-100WG3. Report on S-100 Sea trial of KHOA
S-100WG3-8.1 Paper for Consideration by S-100WG3 Report on S-100 Sea trial of KHOA Submitted by: Executive Summary: Related Documents: Related Projects: Republic of Korea (KHOA) This paper reports the
More informationOffshore Renewable Energy Catapult
Offshore Renewable Energy 7 s s: A long-term vision for innovation & growth The centres have been set up to make real changes to the way innovation happens in the UK to make things faster, less risky and
More informationTHE APPLICATION OF RADAR ENVIRONMENT SIMULATION TECHNOLOGY TO TELEMETRY SYSTEMS
THE APPLICATION OF RADAR ENVIRONMENT SIMULATION TECHNOLOGY TO TELEMETRY SYSTEMS Item Type text; Proceedings Authors Kelkar, Anand; Gravelle, Luc Publisher International Foundation for Telemetering Journal
More informationUSBL positioning and communication SyStEmS. product information GUidE
USBL positioning and communication SyStEmS product information GUidE evologics s2c R usbl - series underwater positioning and communication systems EvoLogics S2CR USBL is a series of combined positioning
More informationDeveloping the MAREMAP Toolbox to allow the Marine Renewable Energy sector to access NERC data. September 2013
Developing the MAREMAP Toolbox to allow the Marine Renewable Energy sector to access NERC data September 2013 Executive Summary The Marine Environmental Mapping Programme (MAREMAP) is a collaboration between
More informationChapter 9 - Ray Optics and Optical Instruments. The image distance can be obtained using the mirror formula:
Question 9.1: A small candle, 2.5 cm in size is placed at 27 cm in front of a concave mirror of radius of curvature 36 cm. At what distance from the mirror should a screen be placed in order to obtain
More informationCivil Radar Systems.
Civil Radar Systems www.aselsan.com.tr Civil Radar Systems With extensive radar heritage exceeding 20 years, ASELSAN is a new generation manufacturer of indigenous, state-of-theart radar systems. ASELSAN
More informationModification of Earth-Space Rain Attenuation Model for Earth- Space Link
IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering (IOSR-JECE) e-issn: 2278-2834,p- ISSN: 2278-8735.Volume 9, Issue 2, Ver. VI (Mar - Apr. 2014), PP 63-67 Modification of Earth-Space Rain Attenuation
More informationDETECTION OF SMALL AIRCRAFT WITH DOPPLER WEATHER RADAR
DETECTION OF SMALL AIRCRAFT WITH DOPPLER WEATHER RADAR Svetlana Bachmann 1, 2, Victor DeBrunner 3, Dusan Zrnic 2 1 Cooperative Institute for Mesoscale Meteorological Studies, The University of Oklahoma
More informationHelicopter Aerial Laser Ranging
Helicopter Aerial Laser Ranging Håkan Sterner TopEye AB P.O.Box 1017, SE-551 11 Jönköping, Sweden 1 Introduction Measuring distances with light has been used for terrestrial surveys since the fifties.
More informationCURRENT MEASUREMENTS AT A0 DISPOSAL GROUND
CURRENT MEASUREMENTS AT A0 DISPOSAL GROUND Field Data Report Prepared for Port Otago Ltd PO Box 441, New Plymouth, New Zealand T: 64-6-7585035 E: enquiries@metocean.co.nz MetOcean Solutions Ltd: Report
More informationNATIONAL VDATUM -- THE IMPLEMENTATION OF A NATIONAL VERTICAL DATUM TRANSFORMATION DATABASE
NATIONAL VDATUM -- THE IMPLEMENTATION OF A NATIONAL VERTICAL DATUM TRANSFORMATION DATABASE Bruce Parker, Dennis Milbert, Kurt Hess, and Stephen Gill National Ocean Service, NOAA The National Ocean Service
More informationAntenna Measurements using Modulated Signals
Antenna Measurements using Modulated Signals Roger Dygert MI Technologies, 1125 Satellite Boulevard, Suite 100 Suwanee, GA 30024-4629 Abstract Antenna test engineers are faced with testing increasingly
More informationNeural Blind Separation for Electromagnetic Source Localization and Assessment
Neural Blind Separation for Electromagnetic Source Localization and Assessment L. Albini, P. Burrascano, E. Cardelli, A. Faba, S. Fiori Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Perugia Via G.
More informationFilter1D Time Series Analysis Tool
Filter1D Time Series Analysis Tool Introduction Preprocessing and quality control of input time series for surface water flow and sediment transport numerical models are key steps in setting up the simulations
More informationOverview of Tides and Water Levels
Overview of Tides and Water Levels www.tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov New Orleans, Baton Rouge, Lafayette, LA March 2009 Gerald Hovis, NOAA - National Ocean Service William Sweet, NOAA - National Ocean Service
More informationFuzing Validation. RAeS WS&T Conference November 2012 Jason Cowell. Thales Proprietary LAND DEFENCE
Fuzing Validation RAeS WS&T Conference November 2012 Jason Cowell 2 / Content Introduction & Background Proximity Fuze Development Challenges for proximity fuzes Advancement in signal process capability
More informationIntegrated Marine Data and Information System
imardis Integrated Marine Data and Information System David Mills Graham Worley, Thomas Prebble, Gwyn Roberts, Cathy Blakey http://www.imardis.org Introduction Lessons learnt in SEACAMS 1 Collaborative
More informationCASE STUDY BRIDGE DYNAMIC MONITORING
Introduction BRIDGE DYNAMIC MONITORING Monitoring of structure movements and vibrations (bridges, buildings, monuments, towers etc.) is an increasingly important task for today s construction engineers.
More informationISO INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 1996-2 Second edition 2007-03-15 Acoustics Description, measurement and assessment of environmental noise Part 2: Determination of environmental noise levels Acoustique Description,
More informationSuveying Lectures for CE 498
Suveying Lectures for CE 498 SURVEYING CLASSIFICATIONS Surveying work can be classified as follows: 1- Preliminary Surveying In this surveying the detailed data are collected by determining its locations
More informationSferic signals for lightning sourced electromagnetic surveys
Sferic signals for lightning sourced electromagnetic surveys Lachlan Hennessy* RMIT University hennessylachlan@gmail.com James Macnae RMIT University *presenting author SUMMARY Lightning strikes generate
More informationA Report on the Ground Penetrating Radar Survey 205 Little Plains Road Southampton, NY
A Report on the Ground Penetrating Radar Survey 205 Little Plains Road Southampton, NY November 18, 2016 Conducted by Robert W. Perry TOPOGRAPHIX, LLC Hudson, NH Requested by Southampton Town Historical
More informationSODAR- sonic detecting and ranging
Active Remote Sensing of the PBL Immersed vs. remote sensors Active vs. passive sensors RADAR- radio detection and ranging WSR-88D TDWR wind profiler SODAR- sonic detecting and ranging minisodar RASS RADAR
More informationResolving Spatial Resource Gradients at Tidal Energy Sites
Resolving Spatial Resource Gradients at Tidal Energy Sites Michael Palodichuk Northwest National Marine Renewable Energy Center University of Washington Brian Polagye and Jim Thomson MSME Thesis Defense
More informationAuthor s Name Name of the Paper Session. DYNAMIC POSITIONING CONFERENCE October 10-11, 2017 SENSORS SESSION. Sensing Autonomy.
Author s Name Name of the Paper Session DYNAMIC POSITIONING CONFERENCE October 10-11, 2017 SENSORS SESSION Sensing Autonomy By Arne Rinnan Kongsberg Seatex AS Abstract A certain level of autonomy is already
More informationA SYSTEM FOR THE ADVANCE WARNING OF RISK OF LIGHTNING. John Chubb and John Harbour
A SYSTEM FOR THE ADVANCE WARNING OF RISK OF LIGHTNING John Chubb and John Harbour John Chubb Instrumentation, Unit 30, Lansdown Industrial Estate, Gloucester Road, Cheltenham, GL51 8PL, UK. (Tel: +44 (0)1242
More informationTheme 2 The Turbine Dr Geoff Dutton
SUPERGEN Wind Wind Energy Technology Phase 2 Theme 2 The Turbine Dr Geoff Dutton Supergen Wind Phase 2 General Assembly Meeting 21 March 2012 Normalized spectrum [db] Turbine blade materials The Turbine
More informationDevelopments in ADMS-Urban and ADMS-Roads including new road traffic emission factors
Developments in ADMS-Urban and ADMS-Roads including new road traffic emission factors David Carruthers User Group Meeting Vilnius March 2013 Contents New emissions in ADMS-Urban and ADMS-Roads 3.1 Background
More informationIntegrating Spaceborne Sensing with Airborne Maritime Surveillance Patrols
22nd International Congress on Modelling and Simulation, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia, 3 to 8 December 2017 mssanz.org.au/modsim2017 Integrating Spaceborne Sensing with Airborne Maritime Surveillance Patrols
More informationTHE USE OF GPS/MET DATA FOR IONOSPHERIC STUDIES
THE USE OF GPS/MET DATA FOR IONOSPHERIC STUDIES Christian Rocken GPS/MET Program Office University Corporation for Atmospheric Research Boulder, CO 80301 phone: (303) 497 8012, fax: (303) 449 7857, e-mail:
More informationXylem Analytics. Ocean & Coastal Monitoring Solutions
Xylem Analytics Ocean & Coastal Monitoring Solutions Coastal Research Environmental Monitoring Ferrybox Aquaculture System Integration Recovery Marine Transport Offshore Installation Oceanography Oil &
More informationPrinciples of Modern Radar
Principles of Modern Radar Vol. I: Basic Principles Mark A. Richards Georgia Institute of Technology James A. Scheer Georgia Institute of Technology William A. Holm Georgia Institute of Technology PUBLiSH]J
More informationPersistent Scatterer InSAR
Persistent Scatterer InSAR Andy Hooper University of Leeds Synthetic Aperture Radar: A Global Solution for Monitoring Geological Disasters, ICTP, 2 Sep 2013 Good Interferogram 2011 Tohoku earthquake Good
More informationLBL POSITIONING AND COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS PRODUCT INFORMATION GUIDE
LBL POSITIONING AND COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS PRODUCT INFORMATION GUIDE EvoLogics S2C LBL Underwater Positioning and Communication Systems EvoLogics LBL systems bring the benefi ts of long baseline (LBL) acoustic
More informationA New Wave Directional Spectrum Measurement Instrument
A New Wave Directional Spectrum Measurement Instrument Andrew Kun ) Alan Fougere ) Peter McComb 2) ) Falmouth Scientific Inc, Cataumet, MA 234 2) Centre of Excellence in Coastal Oceanography and Marine
More informationActive Antennas: The Next Step in Radio and Antenna Evolution
Active Antennas: The Next Step in Radio and Antenna Evolution Kevin Linehan VP, Chief Technology Officer, Antenna Systems Dr. Rajiv Chandrasekaran Director of Technology Development, RF Power Amplifiers
More informationApplanix Products and Solutions for Hydrographic Survey & Marine Applications Maximize Your Productivity!
Applanix Products and Solutions for Hydrographic Survey & Marine Applications Maximize Your Productivity! Applanix technology and support gives you the advantage: lower costs of deployment, faster times
More informationFarr wind farm: A review of displacement disturbance on dunlin arising from operational turbines
Farr wind farm: A review of displacement disturbance on dunlin arising from operational turbines 2002-2015. Alan H Fielding and Paul F Haworth September 2015 Haworth Conservation Haworth Conservation Ltd
More informationLINK RESEARCH ANTENNA PRODUCT MANUAL. Antennas for Digital ENG applications
LINK RESEARCH ANTENNA PRODUCT MANUAL Antennas for Digital ENG applications Contact: Link Research Main +44 (0) 1923 474 060 Support +44 (0) 1923 474 099 Web: www.linkres.co.uk Contents 3: Flexible omni
More informationStudy the Behavioral Change in Adaptive Beamforming of Smart Antenna Array Using LMS and RLS Algorithms
Study the Behavioral Change in Adaptive Beamforming of Smart Antenna Array Using LMS and RLS Algorithms Somnath Patra *1, Nisha Nandni #2, Abhishek Kumar Pandey #3,Sujeet Kumar #4 *1, #2, 3, 4 Department
More informationA COMPUTER VISION AND MACHINE LEARNING SYSTEM FOR BIRD AND BAT DETECTION AND FORECASTING
A COMPUTER VISION AND MACHINE LEARNING SYSTEM FOR BIRD AND BAT DETECTION AND FORECASTING Russell Conard Wind Wildlife Research Meeting X December 2-5, 2014 Broomfield, CO INTRODUCTION Presenting for Engagement
More informationTranscom Instruments. Product Brochure TRANSCOM INSTRUMENTS. Product Brochure
TRANSCOM INSTRUMENTS Product Brochure Transcom Instruments Product Brochure RFHawk Sensor Overview RFHawk sensor can be used to collect and process mass data, and supports TDOA location. When the RFHawk
More informationThe Mobile Radio Propagation Channel Second Edition
The Mobile Radio Propagation Channel Second Edition J. D. Parsons, DSc (Engl FREng, FlEE Emeritus Professor of Electrical Engineering University of Liverpool, UK JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD Chichester New York
More informationChapter - 1 PART - A GENERAL INTRODUCTION
Chapter - 1 PART - A GENERAL INTRODUCTION This chapter highlights the literature survey on the topic of resynthesis of array antennas stating the objective of the thesis and giving a brief idea on how
More informationA Prototype Wire Position Monitoring System
LCLS-TN-05-27 A Prototype Wire Position Monitoring System Wei Wang and Zachary Wolf Metrology Department, SLAC 1. INTRODUCTION ¹ The Wire Position Monitoring System (WPM) will track changes in the transverse
More informationSoftware Defined Radar
Software Defined Radar Group 33 Ranges and Test Beds MQP Final Presentation Shahil Kantesaria Nathan Olivarez 13 October 2011 This work is sponsored by the Department of the Air Force under Air Force Contract
More informationDetection of Multipath Propagation Effects in SAR-Tomography with MIMO Modes
Detection of Multipath Propagation Effects in SAR-Tomography with MIMO Modes Tobias Rommel, German Aerospace Centre (DLR), tobias.rommel@dlr.de, Germany Gerhard Krieger, German Aerospace Centre (DLR),
More information