University of Brasilia School of Law Center on Law and Regulation Telecommunications Law Research Group

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2 University of Brasilia School of Law Center on Law and Regulation Telecommunications Law Research Group 2

3 TELECOMMUNICATIONS IN BRAZIL Telecommunications Acts (CBT-1962 and LGT-1997) LGT-1997 Rights and duties of the players (consumers and companies) Competencies (President, Minister, Agency) Service main categories (public regime, colective interest) Concessions (reversible assets, tarifs, intervention, procedure) Permissions (same legal regime, but inapplicable due to STF s ruling) Authorizations (free prices, spectrum actions, regulation) Networks, spectrum and orbit Sanctions Privatization of TELEBRAS CBT-1962 Broadcast 3

4 TELECOMMUNICATIONS IN BRAZIL SERVICES STFC SMP SeAC (MMDS, DTH, TVA, CATV) SCM SVA Broadcast (SARC, RTV, CFTV, RpTV, RadCom) Aeronautical Telecommunication Service Aeronautical Mobile Service (Satellite) Aeronautical Radio Restricted Service Aeronautical Fixed Service Aeronautical Navigation Service Aeronautical Broadcasting Service SERVICES Maritime Mobile Service Rural Phone Service Highway Public Mobile Phone Service Meteorological Bulletim Special Service Standard Frequency Special Service Private Mobile Limited Service Scientific Services Orbit Operation Service Orbit Research Service Satellite Meteorological Service Satellite Earth Exploration Service Cable TV Pay TV (TVA) SCM (extinct) 4

5 LEGAL TRADITION The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy (Douglas Adams) ADMINISTRATIVE STATE 5

6 LEGAL TRADITION FRENCH TRADITION Montesquieu The Spirit of the Laws 6

7 LEGAL TRADITION FRENCH TRADITION Public service - Political theory - Legal theory 7

8 Carterfone Modularity Wireless SKYPE (2007) Christopher Libertelli [et al.]. Petição para confirmação do direito do consumidor de utilização de programa de comunicações pela internet em redes sem fio e de conexão de dispositivos em tais redes. In: Revista de Direito, Estado e Telecomunicações 3(1): 43-74,

9 CBT

10 Criteria Legal Regime Public or private regime Scope (I) Colective or private interest Way of communicating Species e.g. telephony, telegraphy, data communication, image transmission ANATEL may define them technology, goal, infrastructure used Scope (II) National, international, city, rural, regional, local areas LGT

11 1992 2G 3G 4G GPP GSM UMTS HSDPA HSUPA 3GPP2 CDMA IS95A 1X EVDO EVDO Rev A EVDO Rev B UMB IEEE WiFi/WiMAX b/g d e WiMAX m WiMAX Wireless broadband standards MANY ARE CALLED BUT FEW ARE CHOSEN 11

12 GPRS Taxas de transferência médias 35 kbps MP3 song 18mins CDMA 1X 60 kbps 11 mins EDGE 115 kbps 6 mins UMTS 256 kbps 3 mins EV-DO 400 kbps 2 mins HSDPA 1.0 Mbps 38 secs WiMAX 4.0 Mbps 10 secs LTE 4.0 Mbps 10 secs g 14.4 Mbps 3 sec (MB) aacplus v2 32 kbps aacplus 64 kbps AAC/WMA 128 kbps MP3 160 kbps AN INTERNATIONALY DRIVEN SECTOR 12

13 Tax Law Administrative Law Constitutional Law Consumer Law TELECOMMUNICATIONS 13

14 Telecommunications Federal law(art.21,xi) Explicit or implicit entrenched clauses Emendas Constitucionais Demais artigos constitucionais Emendas de Revisão norma supralegal lei complementar Statutory Federal law Treaty lei delegada Provisional measure Administrative acts lei ordinária ato normativo secundário Telecommunications are forbidden from be disciplined by provisional measures from Jan 1, 1995 to Sep 11, 2001 regulations Judicial decisions HIERARCHY 14

15 Authorization Concession Permission Public service principles Regulated activity atividade normatizada Non-discrimination generalidade Efficiency and Quality Mandatory renderes Unilateral changing of rendering conditions Strict liability responsabilidade objetiva Continuity Authority Fair price CONSTITUTIONAL CATEGORIZATION OF SERVICES 15

16 Tax exemptions price tariff authorization Companies activity Companies Public owned company price cap TUPs TAPs PSTs Universalization Accessibility FUST Localities, e.g., rural areas Coverage goals 16 Frotiers and remote areas Persons with disabilities Police Poor

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18 REGULATORY EFFECTS 18